灰度直方图OpenCV

// recognition.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//

#include "pch.h"

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

#define cvQueryHistValue_1D( hist, idx0 ) \
    ((float)cvGetReal1D( (hist)->bins, (idx0)))

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	IplImage* src = cvLoadImage("3.jpg");
	IplImage* gray_dst = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src), 8, 1);
	cvCvtColor(src, gray_dst, CV_BGR2GRAY);

	//一维维数
	int dims = 1;
	//直方图的尺寸
	int size = 256;
	//直方图的高度
	int height = 256;
	//灰度图的范围0到255
	float range[] = { 0, 256 };
	float *ranges[] = { range };

	//创建一维直方图
	CvHistogram* hist;
	hist = cvCreateHist(dims, &size, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);

	//计算灰度图的一维直方图
	cvCalcHist(&gray_dst, hist, 0, 0);
	//归一化直方图
	cvNormalizeHist(hist, 1.0);

	int scale = 2;
	//创建图像，用于显示直方图
	IplImage* hist_img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(size* scale, height), 8, 3);
	//图像置零
	cvZero(hist_img);

	//计算直方图的最大方块值,初始化为0
	float max_value = 0;
	cvGetMinMaxHistValue(hist, 0, &max_value, 0, 0);

	//绘制直方图
	for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
	{
		float bin_val = cvQueryHistValue_1D(hist, i);   //像素i的概率
		int intensity = cvRound(bin_val* height / max_value);  // 绘制的高度
		cvRectangle(hist_img,
			cvPoint(i* scale, height - 1),
			cvPoint((i + 1)* scale - 1, height - intensity),
			CV_RGB(255, 255, 255));
	}

	cvNamedWindow("gray");
	cvShowImage("gray", gray_dst);
	cvNamedWindow("Histogram");
	cvShowImage("Histogram", hist_img);

	cvWaitKey(0);

	cvReleaseImage(&src);
	cvReleaseImage(&gray_dst);
	cvReleaseImage(&hist_img);

	cvDestroyWindow("gray");
	cvDestroyWindow("Histogram");
}

参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/morewindows/article/details/8364690

https://blog.csdn.net/zhangfuliang123/article/details/74170894