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@This error means that you are trying to use an object that has not been initialized or assigned a value. It can happen when you use the as operator to cast an object to a different type, but the cast fails and returns null¹. For example:

object obj = "Hello";
Windows win = obj as Windows; // win is null because obj is not a Windows object
win.Show(); // Exception! Object reference not set to an instance of an object

To fix this error, you can try one of these methods²:

• Use the is operator to check if the cast is valid before using the object. For example:

object obj = "Hello";
if (obj is Windows win) // win is assigned only if obj is a Windows object
{
    win.Show(); // No exception
}
else
{
    // Handle the case when obj is not a Windows object
}

• Explicitly check for null and provide a default value. For example:

object obj = "Hello";
Windows win = obj as Windows ?? new Windows(); // win is assigned a new Windows object if obj is null
win.Show(); // No exception

• Explicitly check for null from method calls and throw a custom exception. For example:

object obj = GetObjectFromDatabase();
if (obj == null)
{
    throw new CustomException("Object not found in database");
}
// Use obj safely here