安卓实现PCM音频的录制和播放

安卓实现PCM音频的录制和播放

最近刚接触音视频，想把学到的一些东西记录下来。

本文主要是使用AudioRecord写了一个音频捕获类AudioCapturer，录制的时候在根目录上存储了一个audio-record.pcm的文件。

AudioCapturer.java

public class AudioCapturer {

    private static final String TAG = "AudioCapturer";

    private static final int DEFAULT_SOURCE = MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC;
    private static final int DEFAULT_SAMPLE_RATE = 44100;
    private static final int DEFAULT_CHANNEL_CONFIG = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_STEREO;
    private static final int DEFAULT_AUDIO_FORMAT = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT;

    private AudioRecord mAudioRecord;
    private int mMinBufferSize = 0;

    private Thread mCaptureThread;
    private boolean mIsCaptureStarted = false;
    private volatile boolean mIsLoopExit = false;

    private OnAudioFrameCapturedListener mAudioFrameCapturedListener;



    public interface OnAudioFrameCapturedListener {
        public void onAudioFrameCaptured(byte[] audioData);
    }

    public boolean isCaptureStarted() {
        return mIsCaptureStarted;
    }

    public void setOnAudioFrameCapturedListener(OnAudioFrameCapturedListener listener) {
        mAudioFrameCapturedListener = listener;
    }

    public boolean startCapture() {
        return startCapture(DEFAULT_SOURCE, DEFAULT_SAMPLE_RATE, DEFAULT_CHANNEL_CONFIG,
                DEFAULT_AUDIO_FORMAT);
    }

    public boolean startCapture(int audioSource, int sampleRateInHz, int channelConfig, int audioFormat) {

        if (mIsCaptureStarted) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Capture already started !");
            return false;
        }

        mMinBufferSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(sampleRateInHz,channelConfig,audioFormat);
        if (mMinBufferSize == AudioRecord.ERROR_BAD_VALUE) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Invalid parameter !");
            return false;
        }
        Log.d(TAG , "getMinBufferSize = "+mMinBufferSize+" bytes !");

        mAudioRecord = new AudioRecord(audioSource,sampleRateInHz,channelConfig,audioFormat,mMinBufferSize);
        if (mAudioRecord.getState() == AudioRecord.STATE_UNINITIALIZED) {
            Log.e(TAG, "AudioRecord initialize fail !");
            return false;
        }

        mAudioRecord.startRecording();

        mIsLoopExit = false;
        mCaptureThread = new Thread(new AudioCaptureRunnable());
        mCaptureThread.start();

        mIsCaptureStarted = true;

        Log.d(TAG, "Start audio capture success !");

        return true;
    }

    public void stopCapture() {

        if (!mIsCaptureStarted) {
            return;
        }

        mIsLoopExit = true;
        try {
            mCaptureThread.interrupt();
            mCaptureThread.join(1000);
        }
        catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        if (mAudioRecord.getRecordingState() == AudioRecord.RECORDSTATE_RECORDING) {
            mAudioRecord.stop();
        }

        mAudioRecord.release();

        mIsCaptureStarted = false;
        mAudioFrameCapturedListener = null;

        Log.d(TAG, "Stop audio capture success !");
    }

    File saveFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "audio-record.pcm");

        DataOutputStream dataOutputStream;

    {
        try {
            dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(
                            new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(saveFile)));
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private class AudioCaptureRunnable implements Runnable {

        @Override
        public void run() {

            while (!mIsLoopExit) {

                byte[] buffer = new byte[mMinBufferSize];

                int ret = mAudioRecord.read(buffer, 0, mMinBufferSize);
                if (ret == AudioRecord.ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION) {
                    Log.e(TAG , "Error ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION");
                }
                else if (ret == AudioRecord.ERROR_BAD_VALUE) {
                    Log.e(TAG , "Error ERROR_BAD_VALUE");
                }
                else {
                    if (mAudioFrameCapturedListener != null) {
                        mAudioFrameCapturedListener.onAudioFrameCaptured(buffer);
                    }
                    try {
                        dataOutputStream.write(buffer,0,mMinBufferSize);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    Log.d(TAG , "OK, Captured "+ret+" bytes !");
                }

                SystemClock.sleep(10);
            }
        }
    }
}

在Activity里可以直接调用startCapture()和stopCapture()就可以录制音频了。

播放的话直接使用这个方法就可以：

//播放音频（PCM）
public void play()
{
    DataInputStream dis=null;
    String filename = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + "audio-record.pcm";
    Log.i("TAG", "filename: "+filename);
    try {
        //从音频文件中读取声音
        dis=new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(filename)));
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    //最小缓存区
    int bufferSizeInBytes= AudioTrack.getMinBufferSize(44100, AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_MONO,AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT);
    //创建AudioTrack对象   依次传入 :流类型、采样率（与采集的要一致）、音频通道（采集是IN 播放时OUT）、量化位数、最小缓冲区、模式
    player=new AudioTrack(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC,44100,AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_MONO,AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT, bufferSizeInBytes, AudioTrack.MODE_STREAM);

    byte[] data =new byte [bufferSizeInBytes];
    player.play();//开始播放
    while(true)
    {
        int i=0;
        try {
            assert dis != null;
            while(dis.available()>0&&i<data.length)
            {
                data[i]=dis.readByte();//录音时write Byte 那么读取时就该为readByte要相互对应
                i++;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        player.write(data,0,data.length);

        if(i!=bufferSizeInBytes) //表示读取完了
        {
            player.stop();//停止播放
            player.release();//释放资源
            break;
        }
    }

}

简单的录制和播放就实现了，如果有需要的话可以添加一些比如录制时间、进度条等控件来使音频可视化。