matlab里在gui中不同函数下传递变量以及listbox多行显示问题

声明：关于变量传递问题使用的是handles和guidata函数。

首先创建一个gui 空白界面：

打开第一个，可以看到界面

 

创建一个按钮，一个切换按钮，一个列表框

假设我要完成的事件是这样的：

按钮为赋值变量num为1

第一次摁下切换按钮负责对num进行+2循环操作，并将每次循环num

值打在列表框内，且保留原有数据

再次摁下切换按钮，终止循环

首先保存GUI界面，得到.m文件：

查看按钮回调函数，写入代码：

查看切换按钮回调函数，写入代码：

目前已经从按钮的函数中获得了num的数值，切换按钮的基本框架也已经架构完毕

下一步进行num以及终止循环，补充代码如下：

下一步，想列表框传送数据，打开列表框回调函数：

列表框名称为listbox2，打开切换按钮，补充代码为：

点击运行就可以啦。

下附完整函数：

function varargout = untitled1(varargin)
% UNTITLED1 MATLAB code for untitled1.fig
%      UNTITLED1, by itself, creates a new UNTITLED1 or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = UNTITLED1 returns the handle to a new UNTITLED1 or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      UNTITLED1('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in UNTITLED1.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      UNTITLED1('Property','Value',...) creates a new UNTITLED1 or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before untitled1_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to untitled1_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help untitled1

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 01-Jan-2019 21:00:11

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @untitled1_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @untitled1_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT


% --- Executes just before untitled1 is made visible.
function untitled1_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to untitled1 (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for untitled1
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes untitled1 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);


% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = untitled1_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;


% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    num = 1;                    %定义num函数值
    handles.num = num;          %num赋值给结构体
    guidata(hObject, handles);  %更新handles结构体
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)


% --- Executes on button press in togglebutton2.
function togglebutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    num = handles.num;                %从结构体接收num值
    global STOP;                      %定义全局变量的行为在复杂工程内非常危险
    button_state = get(hObject,'Value');%获取切换按钮状态    
    if button_state == 1       %如果第一次按下
         a = {};                %定义一个空数组 
         STOP = 0;
        while num>0
            if STOP == 0        
                 a = [a;num];%数组维度增加1
                 %向列表框写入数组
                 set(handles.listbox2,'string',a)
                 %计算下一次所需维度
                 index = size(get(handles.listbox2,'string'), 1);
                 %列表框升维
                 set(handles.listbox2,'Value',index);
                 %以上升维操作是因为列表框和数组维度相同才可以赋值
                 pause(0.5);  %延时函数，便于观察
                 num = num+1;
            else
                break;
            end  
        end
    end
     if button_state == 0     %如果第二次按下
         STOP = 1;   
     end
% hObject    handle to togglebutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of togglebutton2

% --- Executes on selection change in listbox2.
function listbox2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to listbox2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns listbox2 contents as cell array
%        contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from listbox2


% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function listbox2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to listbox2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end