ubuntu删除文件及文件夹

   简介：          

         ubuntu中删除命令一般使用rm，但是rm误删之后，想恢复比较麻烦，所以今天我们还介绍另外一种删除方法，trash，文件删除是放到回收站，这样误删之后还有挽回的机会。

   1.rm命令

        最简单最有效最权威的看命令的方法就是看--help，       

    1.1 --help

Usage: rm [OPTION]... FILE...
Remove (unlink) the FILE(s).

  -f, --force           ignore nonexistent files and arguments, never prompt
  -i                    prompt before every removal
  -I                    prompt once before removing more than three files, or
                          when removing recursively.  Less intrusive than -i,
                          while still giving protection against most mistakes
      --interactive[=WHEN]  prompt according to WHEN: never, once (-I), or
                          always (-i).  Without WHEN, prompt always
      --one-file-system  when removing a hierarchy recursively, skip any
                          directory that is on a file system different from
                          that of the corresponding command line argument
      --no-preserve-root  do not treat '/' specially
      --preserve-root   do not remove '/' (default)
  -r, -R, --recursive   remove directories and their contents recursively
  -d, --dir             remove empty directories
  -v, --verbose         explain what is being done
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit

By default, rm does not remove directories.  Use the --recursive (-r or -R)
option to remove each listed directory, too, along with all of its contents.

To remove a file whose name starts with a '-', for example '-foo',
use one of these commands:
  rm -- -foo

  rm ./-foo

Note that if you use rm to remove a file, it might be possible to recover
some of its contents, given sufficient expertise and/or time.  For greater
assurance that the contents are truly unrecoverable, consider using shred.

      简单的翻译一下：

      使用方法：rm [选项].. 文件..

      删除（unlink）文件

      -f,--force  强制删除文件，无论文件是否存在，都不会提示确认 （和-i的作用刚好相反）

     -i                在删除文件前给确认提示

     -I                 比-i提示的要少，只当文件多于3个或者删除有递归的文件的时候才提示，但也能阻止很多错误。

       --interactive[=WHEN] 根据WHEN来决定提示：never,once(-I)或者always(-i)。如果没有WHEN，默认为always。

       --one-file-system 递归删除一个层级时，跳过所有不符合命令行参数的文件系统上的文件 (这个我暂时还不懂)

       --no-preserve-root 不特殊对待'/'

       --preserve-root 不去删除'/'

    -r,-R,--recursive 删除文件夹以及它下面递归的文件

    -d,--dir   删除空文件夹

     -v,--verbose 详细解释每一步删除

         --help  显示帮助，并退出

         --version 输出版本信息

         默认，rm不会删除文件夹。使用--recursive(-r or -R)选项去删除文件夹以及它下面的目录文件

         删除一个文件，例如删除-foo，可以使用rm如下

          rm -- -foo

          rm ./-foo

    1.2 rm命令使用实例

yangchunsk@yangchunsk:~/Desktop$ ls 
Document  Document2  Document3  Document4  Untitled
yangchunsk@yangchunsk:~/Desktop$ rm Document
yangchunsk@yangchunsk:~/Desktop$ ls
Document2  Document3  Document4  Untitled
yangchunsk@yangchunsk:~/Desktop$ rm -i Document2
rm: remove regular empty file ‘Document2’? y
yangchunsk@yangchunsk:~/Desktop$ ls
Document3  Document4  Untitled
yangchunsk@yangchunsk:~/Desktop$ rm -iv Document3
rm: remove regular empty file ‘Document3’? y
removed ‘Document3’
yangchunsk@yangchunsk:~/Desktop$ ls
Document4  Untitled

yangchunsk@yangchunsk:~/Desktop$ rm -riv Untitled/
rm: descend into directory ‘Untitled/’? y
rm: remove regular empty file ‘Untitled/Document5’? y
removed ‘Untitled/Document5’
rm: remove directory ‘Untitled/’? y
removed directory: ‘Untitled/’
yangchunsk@yangchunsk:~/Desktop$ ls
Document4

   2.trash命令

    2.1 介绍

       trasn删除是将文件删除到回收站中，但是trash不是自带的命令，需要使用sudo apt-get install trash-cil来安装trash。

    2.2 --help

Usage: trash [OPTION]... FILE...

Put files in trash

Options:
  --version            show program's version number and exit
  -h, --help           show this help message and exit
  -d, --directory      ignored (for GNU rm compatibility)
  -f, --force          ignored (for GNU rm compatibility)
  -i, --interactive    ignored (for GNU rm compatibility)
  -r, -R, --recursive  ignored (for GNU rm compatibility)
  -v, --verbose        explain what is being done

To remove a file whose name starts with a `-', for example `-foo',
use one of these commands:

    trash -- -foo

    trash ./-foo

        使用方法和rm基本相似，所以这里就不介绍了