功能概述
本按键方案硬件部分由两个独立按键组成, 在移植后能够适配市面上绝大部分单片机. 独立按键分为A, B两键, 轻击A键代表上一页, 轻击B键代表下一页, 同时开发者可自由定义双击, 长按操作的功能.
本文给出了两个使用案例, 分别是51单片机上的简单移植和德州仪器Tiva系列TM4C123GXL评估板的OLED翻页及功能选择的实现.
方案中按键共有如下9种状态
编号 | 程序中代号 | 状态名称 |
---|---|---|
0 | NO_PRESS | 状态清空/无按键状态 |
1 | SHORT_PRESS_BOTH | 双键短按 |
2 | LONG_PRESS_BOTH | 双键长按 |
3 | SHORT_PRESS_A | A键短按 |
4 | LONG_PRESS_A | A键长按 |
5 | SHORT_PRESS_B | B键短按 |
6 | LONG_PRESS_B | B键长按 |
7 | DOUBLE_PRESS_A | 双击A键 |
8 | DOUBLE_PRESS_B | 双击B键 |
在Cortex M4内核的Tiva TM4C系列单片机上的实例
注意事项
1.KeyScan()函数在主函数中扫描
2.OLED_Hybernate()休眠函数在定时器中断函数中运行
3.Menu_Display()函数在主函数中运行, 不能在定时器中断函数运行
4.该工程实例可以在以下链接中找到, 方便大家参考, 本文仅放置部分代码片段
Gitee/李思睿/基于Tiva单片机的分布式温度控制节能系统
一.按键初始化函数
/***********************************************************
@函数名:Key_Init
@入口参数:无
@出口参数:无
功能描述:按键初始化
@作者:skylisan
@日期:2021年01月26日
*************************************************************/
void Key_Init(void)
{
SysCtlPeripheralEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_GPIOF);
// Unlock PF0 so we can change it to a GPIO input
// Once we have enabled (unlocked) the commit register then re-lock it
// to prevent further changes. PF0 is muxed with NMI thus a special case.
HWREG(GPIO_PORTF_BASE + GPIO_O_LOCK) = GPIO_LOCK_KEY;
HWREG(GPIO_PORTF_BASE + GPIO_O_CR) |= 0x01;
HWREG(GPIO_PORTF_BASE + GPIO_O_LOCK) = 0;
GPIODirModeSet(GPIO_PORTF_BASE, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_DIR_MODE_IN); // SW1
GPIOPadConfigSet(GPIO_PORTF_BASE, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_STRENGTH_2MA, GPIO_PIN_TYPE_STD_WPU);
GPIODirModeSet(GPIO_PORTF_BASE, GPIO_PIN_4, GPIO_DIR_MODE_IN); // SW2
GPIOPadConfigSet(GPIO_PORTF_BASE, GPIO_PIN_4, GPIO_STRENGTH_2MA, GPIO_PIN_TYPE_STD_WPU);
}
二. 按键扫描及OLED显示函数
#define LONG_PRESS_MAX 5000 //设定长按阈值(尽量设定其在一秒左右, 由于程序问题计算值并非实际操作值)
int16_t Page_Number = 0;
uint8_t Key_Right_Release = 0;
uint8_t Oled_Show_Enable = 1;
uint16_t OLED_Hybernate_Counter=0;
/***********************************************************
@函数名:OLED_hybernate
@入口参数:无
@出口参数:无
功能描述:一分钟的OLED屏无操作自动休眠时间
@作者:skylisan
@日期:2021年12月31日
*************************************************************/
void OLED_Hybernate(void)
{
if(OLED_Hybernate_Counter!=12000) OLED_Hybernate_Counter++;
}
bool IR_Temp_Debugger=0;
bool IR_Temp_Setter=0;
bool Power_Switcher_Ctl=0;
bool Current_Outside_Temp_Switch=0;
bool Temp_Humi_Display_Switch=0;
press_state KeyStat;
/***********************************************************
@函数名:Key_Scan
@入口参数:release
@出口参数:bool
功能描述:按键扫描,入口参数release决定是否开放按键扫描权限
正常扫描返回TRUE,按键按下时为低电平,释放后IO配置的是上拉
输入模式,悬空为高电平
@作者:skylisan
@日期:2021年01月04日
*************************************************************/
bool Key_Scan(uint8_t release)
{
uint16_t long_press_cnt = 0, double_press_cnt = 100;
if (release == 1)
return false;
if (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 == 0) //两个按键同时按键
{
delay_ms(10);
if (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 == 0)
{
while (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 == 0) //长按判断
{
long_press_cnt++;
delay_us(110);
}
delay_ms(1); //延时去抖
if (long_press_cnt >= LONG_PRESS_MAX)
{
KeyStat=LONG_PRESS_BOTH; //两键长按
//printf("LongPressBoth\n");
while (QuadKey1 == 0 || QuadKey2 == 0); //等待按键松开方便执行下一步
}
else
{
KeyStat=SHORT_PRESS_BOTH; //两键短按
//printf("ShortPressBoth\n");
while (QuadKey1 == 0 || QuadKey2 == 0); //等待按键松开方便执行下一步
}
long_press_cnt = 0;
OLED_Hybernate_Counter = 0;
return true;
}
}
if (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 != 0)
{
delay_ms(10); //延时消抖
if (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 != 0)
{
while (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 != 0)
{
long_press_cnt++;
delay_us(110);
}
delay_ms(1); //延时去抖
if (long_press_cnt >= LONG_PRESS_MAX)
{
KeyStat=LONG_PRESS_A; //A键长按
//printf("LongPressA\n");
}
else
{
while(QuadKey1!=0&&double_press_cnt>0)
{
double_press_cnt--;
delay_ms(1);
}
if(QuadKey1==0)
{
delay_ms(10);
if(QuadKey1==0&&QuadKey2!=0)
{
KeyStat=DOUBLE_PRESS_A; //A键双击
while(QuadKey1==0);
//printf("DoublePressA\n");
}
}
else
{
KeyStat=SHORT_PRESS_A; //A键短按
//printf("ShortPressA\n");
}
}
long_press_cnt = 0;
OLED_Hybernate_Counter = 0;
return true;
}
}
else if (QuadKey1 != 0 && QuadKey2 == 0)
{
delay_ms(10);
if (QuadKey1 != 0 && QuadKey2 == 0)
{
while (QuadKey1 != 0 && QuadKey2 == 0)
{
long_press_cnt++;
delay_us(110);
}
delay_ms(1); //延时去抖
if (long_press_cnt >= LONG_PRESS_MAX)
{
KeyStat=LONG_PRESS_B; //B键长按
//printf("LongPressB\n");
}
else
{
while(QuadKey2!=0&&double_press_cnt>0)
{
double_press_cnt--;
delay_ms(1);
}
if(QuadKey2==0)
{
delay_ms(10);
if(QuadKey2==0&&QuadKey1!=0)
{
KeyStat=DOUBLE_PRESS_B; //B键双击
while(QuadKey2==0);
//printf("DoublePressB\n");
}
}
else
{
KeyStat=SHORT_PRESS_B; //B键短按
//printf("ShortPressB\n");
}
}
}
long_press_cnt = 0;
OLED_Hybernate_Counter = 0; //若触发按键操作, 自动将休眠计数器清零
return true;
}
return false;
}
int16_t AC_Temp_Setup=26;
bool Opr_Sgn=false;
/***********************************************************
@函数名:Menu_Display
@入口参数:无
@出口参数:无
功能描述:主选单的作用, 在主循环中运行, 进行参数的显示与调整
@作者:skylisan
@日期:2021年12月29日
*************************************************************/
void Menu_Display()
{
if(OLED_Hybernate_Counter==12000) LCD_CLS();
if(OLED_Hybernate_Counter!=12000)
{
if(KeyStat==SHORT_PRESS_A) { Page_Number--; LCD_CLS(); }
if(KeyStat==SHORT_PRESS_B) { Page_Number++; LCD_CLS(); }
if(Page_Number==-1) Page_Number=5; //本实例中, 统共有5页
if(Page_Number==6) Page_Number=0;
if(Page_Number==0)
{
LCD_clear_L(90, 0);
display_6_8_string(0, 0, "PAGE 0");
}
if(Page_Number==1)
{
display_6_8_string(0, 0, "PAGE 1");
display_6_8_string(0, 1, "AirCond Remote Ctl");
}
if(Page_Number==2)
{
LCD_clear_L(90, 0); display_6_8_string(0, 0, "PAGE 2");
LCD_clear_L(0, 2);
if(KeyStat==LONG_PRESS_BOTH) IR_Temp_Setter=!IR_Temp_Setter;
if(IR_Temp_Setter==0) display_6_8_string(0, 2, "Disabled");
else display_6_8_string(0, 2, "Enabled"); //功能选择
display_6_8_string(0, 6, "Long Hold L&R Button");
display_6_8_string(0, 7, "to Adjust");
}
if(Page_Number==3)
{
LCD_clear_L(90, 0); display_6_8_string(0, 0, "PAGE 3");
display_6_8_string(0, 1, "Switch");
if(KeyStat==DOUBLE_PRESS_A) Temp_Humi_Display_Switch=!Temp_Humi_Display_Switch;
if(Temp_Humi_Display_Switch==0)
{
LCD_clear_L(90, 6); display_6_8_string(0, 6, "Double Click to AFunc:");
}
else
{
LCD_clear_L(90, 6); display_6_8_string(0, 6, "Double Click to BFunc:");
}
}
if(Page_Number==4)
{
LCD_clear_L(90, 0); display_6_8_string(0, 0, "PAGE 4");
if(KeyStat==LONG_PRESS_BOTH)
{
/*DO SOMETHING*/
}
}
if(Page_Number==5)
{
display_6_8_string(0, 0, "PAGE 5");
if(KeyStat==LONG_PRESS_BOTH)
{
/*DO SOMETHING*/
}
if(KeyStat==SHORT_PRESS_BOTH)
{
/*DO SOMETHING*/
}
if(KeyStat==LONG_PRESS_B)
{
/*DO SOMETHING*/
}
if(KeyStat==LONG_PRESS_A)
{
/*DO SOMETHING*/
}
}
}
KeyStat=NO_PRESS; //清空状态
}
- 头文件(Key.h)
#ifndef __KEY_H__
#define __KEY_H__
#define QuadKey1 GPIOPinRead(GPIO_PORTF_BASE, GPIO_PIN_4)
#define QuadKey2 GPIOPinRead(GPIO_PORTF_BASE, GPIO_PIN_0)
void Key_Init(void);
bool Key_Scan(uint8_t release);
void Menu_Display(void);
void OLED_Hybernate(void);
extern uint8_t Key_Right_Release, Oled_Show_Enable;
extern int16_t Page_Number;
extern int16_t AC_Temp_Setup;
typedef enum
{
NO_PRESS = 0,
SHORT_PRESS_BOTH,
LONG_PRESS_BOTH,
SHORT_PRESS_A,
LONG_PRESS_A,
SHORT_PRESS_B,
LONG_PRESS_B,
DOUBLE_PRESS_A,
DOUBLE_PRESS_B,
} press_state;
#endif
- 主函数
#include "Headfile.h"
uint8_t tempL,humiL;
int main(void)
{
HardWave_Init(); //芯片资源、外设初始化
while (1) //主循环
{
Key_Scan(Key_Right_Release);
Menu_Display();
}
}
在51单片机中的简单移植
单片机平台: 国信长天CT107D
注:
11.0592Mhz, 一个机器周期约等于1us.
采用8bitLED灯亮灭表示按键触发状态
#include "reg52.h"
#include <intrins.h>
#define u8 unsigned char
#define u16 unsigned int
#define u32 unsigned long
#define LONG_PRESS_MAX 5000 //设定长按阈值(尽量设定其在一秒左右, 由于程序问题计算值并非实际操作值)
sbit Chip_138_C=P2^5;
sbit Chip_138_B=P2^6;
sbit Chip_138_A=P2^7;
sbit KEY1=P3^0;
sbit QuadKey1=P3^1;
sbit QuadKey2=P3^2;
sbit KEY4=P3^3;
sbit BUZZ=P0^6;
sbit LED=P0^0;
typedef enum
{
NO_PRESS = 0,
SHORT_PRESS_BOTH,
LONG_PRESS_BOTH,
SHORT_PRESS_A,
LONG_PRESS_A,
SHORT_PRESS_B,
LONG_PRESS_B,
DOUBLE_PRESS_A,
DOUBLE_PRESS_B,
} press_state;
void delay(u16 t)
{
while(t--)
{
_nop_();
}
}
void Chip_138_Sel(u8 sel_num)
{
switch(sel_num)
{
case 0:
Chip_138_A=0;
Chip_138_B=0;
Chip_138_C=0;
break;
case 1:
Chip_138_A=0;
Chip_138_B=0;
Chip_138_C=1;
break;
case 2:
Chip_138_A=0;
Chip_138_B=1;
Chip_138_C=0;
break;
case 3:
Chip_138_A=0;
Chip_138_B=1;
Chip_138_C=1;
break;
case 4:
Chip_138_A=1;
Chip_138_B=0;
Chip_138_C=0;
break;
case 5:
Chip_138_A=1;
Chip_138_B=0;
Chip_138_C=1;
break;
case 6:
Chip_138_A=1;
Chip_138_B=1;
Chip_138_C=0;
break;
case 7:
Chip_138_A=1;
Chip_138_B=1;
Chip_138_C=1;
break;
}
}
u8 Page_Number = 0;
u8 Key_Right_Release = 0;
press_state KeyStat;
/***********************************************************
@函数名:Key_Scan
@入口参数:release
@出口参数:bool
功能描述:按键扫描,入口参数release决定是否开放按键扫描权限
正常扫描返回TRUE,按键按下时为低电平,释放后IO配置的是上拉
输入模式,悬空为高电平<51版>
@作者:skylisan
@日期:2021年02月20日
*************************************************************/
u8 Key_Scan(u8 release)
{
u16 long_press_cnt = 0, double_press_cnt = 100;
if (release == 0)
return 0;
if (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 == 0) //两个按键同时按键
{
delay(10000);
if (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 == 0)
{
while (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 == 0) //长按判断
{
long_press_cnt++;
delay(110);
}
delay(1000); //延时去抖
if (long_press_cnt >= LONG_PRESS_MAX)
{
KeyStat=LONG_PRESS_BOTH; //两键长按
//printf("LongPressBoth\n");
Chip_138_Sel(4);
P0=0x01;
while (QuadKey1 == 0 || QuadKey2 == 0); //等待按键松开方便执行下一步
}
else
{
KeyStat=SHORT_PRESS_BOTH; //两键短按
//printf("ShortPressBoth\n");
Chip_138_Sel(4);
P0=0x02;
while (QuadKey1 == 0 || QuadKey2 == 0); //等待按键松开方便执行下一步
}
long_press_cnt = 0;
return 1;
}
}
if (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 != 0)
{
delay(10000); //延时消抖
if (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 != 0)
{
while (QuadKey1 == 0 && QuadKey2 != 0)
{
long_press_cnt++;
delay(110);
}
delay(1000); //延时去抖
if (long_press_cnt >= LONG_PRESS_MAX)
{
KeyStat=LONG_PRESS_A; //A键长按
Chip_138_Sel(4);
P0=0x03;
//printf("LongPressA\n");
}
else
{
while(QuadKey1!=0&&double_press_cnt>0)
{
double_press_cnt--;
delay(1000);
}
if(QuadKey1==0)
{
delay(10000);
if(QuadKey1==0&&QuadKey2!=0)
{
KeyStat=DOUBLE_PRESS_A; //A键双击
while(QuadKey1==0);
Chip_138_Sel(4);
P0=0x04;
//printf("DoublePressA\n");
}
}
else
{
KeyStat=SHORT_PRESS_A; //A键短按
Chip_138_Sel(4);
P0=0x05;
//printf("ShortPressA\n");
}
}
long_press_cnt = 0;
return 1;
}
}
else if (QuadKey1 != 0 && QuadKey2 == 0)
{
delay(10000);
if (QuadKey1 != 0 && QuadKey2 == 0)
{
while (QuadKey1 != 0 && QuadKey2 == 0)
{
long_press_cnt++;
delay(110);
}
delay(1000); //延时去抖
if (long_press_cnt >= LONG_PRESS_MAX)
{
KeyStat=LONG_PRESS_B; //B键长按
Chip_138_Sel(4);
P0=0x06;
//printf("LongPressB\n");
}
else
{
while(QuadKey2!=0&&double_press_cnt>0)
{
double_press_cnt--;
delay(1000);
}
if(QuadKey2==0)
{
delay(10000);
if(QuadKey2==0&&QuadKey1!=0)
{
KeyStat=DOUBLE_PRESS_B; //B键双击
while(QuadKey2==0);
Chip_138_Sel(4);
P0=0x07;
//printf("DoublePressB\n");
}
}
else
{
KeyStat=SHORT_PRESS_B; //B键短按
Chip_138_Sel(4);
P0=0x08;
//printf("ShortPressB\n");
}
}
}
long_press_cnt = 0;
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
void main(void)
{
bit flag=0;
Chip_138_Sel(5);
BUZZ=0;
while(1)
{
Key_Scan(1);
}
}