使用zmq实现消息异步收发

在ZeroMQ（ZMQ）中，实现消息异步收发（Request-Reply请求回应模式）涉及到两种不同的套接字类型：ZMQ_REP（回应者）和ZMQ_REQ（请求者）。。

下面是一个简单的使用ZeroMQ的C语言示例，展示如何实现消息异步收发。

服务端：（回应者、接收消息）
回应者使用ZMQ_REP套接字类型

#include <zmq.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>

int main (void)
{
    //  Socket to talk to clients
    void *context = zmq_ctx_new ();
    void *responder = zmq_socket (context, ZMQ_REP);
    int rc = zmq_bind (responder, "tcp://*:5555");
    char sendStr[16]={0};
    assert (rc == 0);

    while (1) {
        char buffer [10];
        zmq_recv (responder, buffer, 10, 0);
        printf ("Received %s\n",buffer);
        sleep (1);          //  Do some 'work'
        sprintf(sendStr,"after:%s",buffer);
        zmq_send (responder, sendStr, 15, 0);
    }
    return 0;
}

客户端：（请求者、发送消息）
请求者使用ZMQ_REQ套接字类型

#include <zmq.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main (void)
{
    printf ("Connecting to hello world server…\n");
    void *context = zmq_ctx_new ();
    void *requester = zmq_socket (context, ZMQ_REQ);
    zmq_connect (requester, "tcp://localhost:5555");
    char sendStr[10]= {0};

    int request_nbr;
    for (request_nbr = 0; request_nbr != 10; request_nbr++) {
        char buffer [10];
        printf ("Sending Hello %d…\n", request_nbr);
        sprintf(sendStr,"lity %d",request_nbr);
        zmq_send (requester, sendStr, 10, 0);
        zmq_recv (requester, buffer, 15, 0);
        printf ("Received World %s\n", buffer);
    }
    zmq_close (requester);
    zmq_ctx_destroy (context);
    return 0;
}

要编译和运行这些程序，请确保您已经安装了ZeroMQ库，并链接了正确的库文件。将zmq.h与libzmq.so放置在代码的同一级目录里。
编译客户端：
g++ -c ./client.cpp -o ./client.o -I ./
g++ ./client.o -L ./ -lzmq -o ./client

编译服务端：
g++ -c ./server.cpp -o ./sercer.o -I ./
g++ ./server.o -L ./ -lzmq -o ./server

运行客户端和服务端（启动时间不分先后）
./client
./server

在server窗口中：

root@lty-ThinkPad-R14-Gen-4:~/zmquse$ ./server
Received lity 0
Received lity 1
Received lity 2
Received lity 3
Received lity 4
Received lity 5
Received lity 6
Received lity 7
Received lity 8
Received lity 9

在client窗口中：

root@lty-ThinkPad-R14-Gen-4:/home/lty/zmquse# ./client
Connecting to hello world server…
Sending Hello 0…
Received World after:lity 0
Sending Hello 1…
Received World after:lity 1
Sending Hello 2…
Received World after:lity 2
Sending Hello 3…
Received World after:lity 3
Sending Hello 4…
Received World after:lity 4
Sending Hello 5…
Received World after:lity 5
Sending Hello 6…
Received World after:lity 6
Sending Hello 7…
Received World after:lity 7
Sending Hello 8…
Received World after:lity 8
Sending Hello 9…
Received World after:lity 9