Python - 网络基础

1. 服务器端 和 客户机端:

socket server:

 

import socket

so = socket.socket()

host = socket.gethostname() #获取本地服务器的名称

port = 8000#设置服务器端口
so.bind( (host, port) ) #绑定主机名和端口号, 类型是元组

so.listen(5) #设置最大的连接请求. 进入监听状态

while True:
    c, addr = so.accept() #如果成功连接上返回(client,地址), 地址是(host, port), host: "192.168...之类"
    print 'Got connection from ', addr
    c.send("Thank you for connecting") #向客户端发送消息
    print c.recv(1024) #从客户端接受消息, 再打印
    c.close()

 

socket client:

import socket

so = socket.socket()

host = "192.168.0.103"#socket.gethostname() #设置服务器
#host = socket.gethostname()
port = 8000#设置服务器的端口号

so.connect( (host, port) ) #连接服务器

so.send("benson") #向服务器发送消息

print so.recv(1024) #接受来自服务器的消息并且打印

 

2. 各种服务器: TCPServer, FORKServer, ThreadServer, SelectServer, TwistedServer

(每种服务器都有特色)

TCPServer:

from SocketServer import TCPServer, StreamRequestHandler

host = ''
port = 8000
addr = (host,port)

class Handle(StreamRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):
        caddr = self.request.getpeername()
        print 'Got connection from ', caddr
        self.wfile.write('Thank you for connecting')

server = TCPServer(addr, Handle)
server.serve_forever()

 

forkServer：

from SocketServer import TCPServer, ForkingMixIn, StreamRequestHandler

host = ''
port = 8000
addr = (host,port)

class Server(ForkingMixIn, TCPServer): pass

class Handle(StreamRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):
        caddr = self.request.getpeername()
        print 'Got connect from ', caddr
        self.wfile.write('Thank you for connecting')

server = Server(addr, Handle)
server.serve_forever()

 

threadServer:

#! /usr/bin/env python

from SocketServer import TCPServer, ThreadingMixIn, StreamRequestHandler

host = ''
port =  8000
addr = (host, port)

class Server(ThreadingMixIn, TCPServer): pass
class Handle(StreamRequestHandler):
 def handle(self):
  caddr = self.request.getpeername()
  print 'Got connection from ', caddr
  self.wfile.write('Thank you for connecting!')
  
server = Server(addr, Handle)
server.serve_forever()

 

selectServer：

#! /usr/bin/env python

import socket, select

so = socket.socket()

host = ''#socket.gethostname()
port = 8000
so.bind((host, port))

so.listen(5)
inputs = [so]

while True:
 rs, ws, es = select.select(inputs, [], [])
 for r in rs:
  if r is so:
   c, caddr = so.accept()
   print 'Got connection from ', caddr
   inputs.append(c)
  else:
   try:
    data = r.recv(1024)
    disconnected = not data
   except socket.error:
    disconnected = True

   if disconnected:
    print r.getpeername(), 'disconnected'
    inputs.remove(r)
   else:
    print data

 

twistedServer：

from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.internet.protocol import Protocol, Factory

class SimpleLogger(Protocol):
    def connectionMade(self):
            print 'Got connection from ', self.transport.client
    def connectionLost(self, reason):
        print self.transport.client, 'disconnected'
    def dataReceived(self, data):
        print data
           
factory = Factory()
factory.protocol = SimpleLogger

reactor.listenTCP(8000, factory)

reactor.run()

 

下面是一个小实验: (使用多线程的服务器, 客户机循环发送请求)

server：

import SocketServer
from SocketServer import StreamRequestHandler, TCPServer
from time import ctime

host = ''
port = 8000
addr = (host,port)

class Handle(StreamRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):
        caddr = self.request.getpeername()
        print 'got connection from ', caddr
        self.wfile.write('connection %s:%s at %s succeed!' %(host,port,ctime()))
        while True:
            data = self.request.recv(1024)
            if not data: break
            print data
            self.request.send("Thank you for connecting!")

print 'server is running...'
server = SocketServer.ThreadingTCPServer(addr, Handle)
#server = TCPServer(addr, Handle)
server.serve_forever()

 

client：

from socket import *

from time import *

 

host = '192.168.0.103'
port = 8000
addr = (host,port)

client = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
client.connect(addr)

while True:

    sleep(2) # delay 2 seconds
    data = "client1" #raw_input("Input something or 'exit' to quit: ")
    if not data or data == 'exit': break
    client.send('%s' % data)
    data = client.recv(1024)
    if not data: break
    print data.strip()

client.close()

Ubuntu结果显示: (3个client端, 将data延迟2s发送一次的结果)

在浏览器上 127.0.0.1:端口号 (保留地址, 本地程序测试可用) 也可以发送请求  (好神奇啊~~挺好玩的~~)