redhat6.5配置yum源，经历多天，列举出遇到的各种问题并逐一解决！！！！

redhat6.5版本太老了，配置yum源时。官网既不维护，国内的镜像源也没有6.0的内容。找了好久，最后在阿里镜像   https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/6.0/os/x86_64/Packages/  下找到6.0版本。

redhat6.5只有注册交费才能使用yum，只好自己重新配置yum源。安装centos的yum在redhat6.5下可以使用。在此记录下配置过程。方便以后查阅，也希望能帮助你们解决遇到的问题。

# rpm -qa |grep yum       //查询本地的yum
# rpm -qa |grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps      //不检查依赖直接删除rpm包
# rpm -qa |grep yum   //如果无内容则表示卸载完毕

卸载完毕后开始下载yum所需要的rpm。

wget --no-check-certificate https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/6.0/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-14.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
wget --no-check-certificate https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/6.0/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.27-14.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
wget --no-check-certificate https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/6.0/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.26-11.el6.noarch.rpm
wget --no-check-certificate https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/6.0/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-7.el6.noarch.rpm

因为redhat中的互相依赖问题十分可笑令人崩溃。所以下载后一定要同时安装这四个rpm。

rpm -ivh python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-7.el6.noarch.rpm yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-14.1.el6.x86_64.rpm yum-3.2.27-14.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.26-11.el6.noarch.rpm

安装完yum后，还需要更换yum源，此时使用163的源

# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# wget  http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
# vi CentOS6-Base-163.repo

编辑文件 ,把文件内的$releaserver 全部替换为版本号 （6），也可以复制以下内容，并保存。

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

替换后查看 yum -v 版本，会发现还有可能报错。这是因为我现在的项目用到的时python3.7。redhat自带的时2.6。如果有python多版本就有可能会出现问题。

 bash: /usr/bin/yum: /usr/bin/python3.7: bad interpreter: No such file or directory  

这是因为与python版本不匹配导致。

查看了好多方法，最终解决：查看一下自己的python路径和yum路径。

[root@oracle11g bin]# whereis python
python: /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/lib/python2.6 /usr/lib64/python2.6 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/python2.7-config /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/local/lib/python2.7 /usr/include/python2.6 /usr/share/man/man1/python.1.gz
[root@oracle11g bin]# whereis yum
yum: /usr/bin/yum /etc/yum.conf /etc/yum /usr/share/man/man8/yum.8.gz
[root@oracle11g bin]# vim /usr/bin/yum

只需要在/usr/bin/yum中把第一行的#！/usr/bin/python改成#！/usr/bin/python2.6   保存就可以了

yum -v        查看版本号

yum clean all           清除缓存
yum makecache      重建缓存

 

此时又有可能报错：

 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - "The requested URL returned error: 404 Not Found"
Trying other mirror.
Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: base. Please verify its path and try again

这就很明显了，163中的镜像6.0版本已经不能用，内容是空的。此时更新到7就行。至于原因，我也尚不清楚。redhat6.5 可以用centos/7/版本下的内容。

继续上面的步骤：

cd /etc/yum.repos.d
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
vim CentOS6-Base-163.repo
使用全文替换：
:1,$s/$releasever/7

然后，再次执行

yum clean all
yum makecache
yum update

最后，终于解决。奉劝各位，redhat6.5老家伙了，能不用尽量别用。