Anaconda安装与初始化

https://www.anaconda.com/download#downloads

https://anaconda.org/

安装很简单，accpet--安装路径(默认在~/anaconda3)--yes

Step 1: anaconda 配置环境变量

# 在~/.bashrc的末尾添加
vim ~/.bashrc
--------------------------------
# >>> conda initialize >>>
# !! Contents within this block are managed by 'conda init' !!
__conda_setup="$('/data/anaconda3/bin/conda' 'shell.bash' 'hook' 2> /dev/null)"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    eval "$__conda_setup"
else
    if [ -f "/data/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh" ]; then
        . "/data/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh"
    else
        export PATH="/data/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"
    fi
fi
unset __conda_setup
# <<< conda initialize <<<
# 默认不进入conda环境
conda deactivate
--------------------------------------------
#生效配置 
source ~/.bashrc

 Step 2: anaconda 换源

# https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/anaconda/
# https://help.mirrors.cernet.edu.cn/anaconda/
# Anaconda 安装包可以到以下链接下载。
# https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/
sudo mkdir -p /etc/conda/
sudo vim /etc/conda/condarc
cat /etc/conda/condarc 
----------------------------------------------------
channels:
  - defaults
show_channel_urls: true
default_channels:
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:
  conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  pytorch-lts: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  deepmodeling: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/

#channel_priority: flexible
----------------------------------------
# 想使用其他源可以在 ${HOME}/.condarc 配置
# 若配置${HOME}/.condarc，则/etc/conda/condarc的配置失效

Step 3: 清理已有缓存和索引

conda clean --yes --all #清理干净
conda clean -t  # 清理锁文件和未使用的包
conda clean -i # 清理索引缓存
conda clean -p # 清理软件包缓存

Step 4: 升级conda

# 查看conda 的配置情况
conda search -f r
conda config --show
conda info
conda --version # conda 23.11.0
conda list # 查看已安装的包
conda env remove --name <环境名称> # 删除环境

 Step 5: 备份与还原

# 备份 conda 环境
conda env export > environment.yml
conda list -e > requirements.txt

pip freeze > requirements.txt


conda install -c conda-forge conda-pack
conda pack -n <environment_name> -o <output_name>.tar.gz


# 还原 conda 环境
conda env create -f environment.yml
conda install --yes --file requirements.txt

pip install -r requirements.txt

#解压conda pack备份的<output_name>.tar.gz到anaconda3/envs/<environment_name>