Mediator Pattern
中介者模式:用一个中介对象来封装一系列的对象交互,中介者使各对象不需要显式地相互引用,从而使其耦合松散。
Mediator 角色分析
中介者模式包含四个角色:
- Mediator: 抽象中介者
用于定义一个接口,该接口用于与各同事对象之间的通信; - ConcreteMediator: 具体中介者
是抽象中介者的子类,通过协调各个同事对象来实现协作行为,了解并维护它的各个同事对象的引用; - Colleague: 抽象同事类
抽象同事类定义各同事的公有方法; - ConcreteColleague: 具体同事类
具体同事类是抽象同事类的子类,每一个同事对象都引用一个中介者对象;每一个同事对象在需要和其他同事对象通信时,先与中介者通信,通过中介者来间接完成与其他同事类的通信;
类图
代码示例
下面代码模拟,两个同事通过中介(mediator)互发消息。
/*
*Meditor Pattern :中介模式
*/
using System;
namespace Pattern01
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ConcreteMediator m = new ConcreteMediator();
ConcreteColleague1 c1 = new ConcreteColleague1(m);
Concretecolleague2 c2 = new Concretecolleague2(m);
m.Colleague1 = c1;
m.Colleague2 = c2;
//模拟两个colleague通过mediator 来通信,此处mediator是一个转发器的角色。
//将对象之间的交互,解耦,抽象出中介者(mediator)角色,所有对象只和中介交互。
string msg = "嗨,最近怎么样?";
Console.WriteLine("c1 发出消息: " + msg);
c1.Send(msg);
string ack = "哈哈,我还行";
Console.WriteLine("c2 发出消息: "+ack);
c2.Send(ack);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Mediator
/// </summary>
abstract class Mediator
{
public abstract void Send(string message, Colleague colleague);
}
/// <summary>
/// ConcreteMediator,
/// </summary>
class ConcreteMediator : Mediator
{
private ConcreteColleague1 _colleage1;
private Concretecolleague2 _colleague2;
public ConcreteColleague1 Colleague1
{
set { _colleage1 = value; }
}
public Concretecolleague2 Colleague2
{
set { _colleague2 = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 将colleague1 与colleague2 交换信息。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="message"></param>
/// <param name="colleague"></param>
public override void Send(string message, Colleague colleague)
{
//主要业务逻辑
if (colleague == _colleage1)
{
_colleague2.Notify(message);
}
else
{
_colleage1.Notify(message);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Colleague
/// </summary>
abstract class Colleague
{
protected Mediator mediator;//维护一个Mediator 对象
public Colleague(Mediator mediator)
{
this.mediator = mediator;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// ConcreteColleague
/// </summary>
class ConcreteColleague1 : Colleague
{
public ConcreteColleague1(Mediator mediator) : base(mediator)
{ }
public void Send(string message)
{
mediator.Send(message, this);
}
public void Notify(string message)
{
Console.WriteLine("Colleague1 收到 message:" + message);
}
}
class Concretecolleague2 : Colleague
{
public Concretecolleague2(Mediator mediator) : base(mediator)
{
}
public void Send(string message)
{
mediator.Send(message, this);
}
public void Notify(string message)
{
Console.WriteLine("Colleague2 收到 meaasge: " + message);
}
}
}
总结
- Mediator 接口,大多数情况下定义一个方法就够用了
- ConcreteMediator 用于管理所有的Colleagues对象
- 每个具体的colleague对象都有一个mediator的引用,可以在其构造函数中,将mediator作为参数传入。