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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-04 19:53:26 发布

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分类专栏： questions and curiosity

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questions and curiosity

36 developerworks

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/

34 branch prefect

32: copy from user

http://wdqfirst.blog.163.com/blog/static/11334741120118240421956/

http://blog.csdn.net/sunnybeike/article/details/7027867

MOVS

Moves the byte, word, or doubleword specified with the second operand (source operand) to the location specified
with the first operand (destination operand). Both the source and destination operands are located in memory. The
address of the source operand is read from the DS:ESI or the DS:SI registers (depending on the address-size
attribute of the instruction, 32 or 16, respectively). The address of the destination operand is read from the ES:EDI
or the ES:DI registers (again depending on the address-size attribute of the instruction). The DS segment may be
overridden with a segment override prefix, but the ES segment cannot be overridden.
At the assembly-code level, two forms of this instruction are allowed: the “explicit-operands” form and the “no-
operands” form. The explicit-operands form (specified with the MOVS mnemonic) allows the source and destination
operands to be specified explicitly. Here, the source and destination operands should be symbols that indicate the
size and location of the source value and the destination, respectively. This explicit-operands form is provided to
allow documentation; however, note that the documentation provided by this form can be misleading. That is, the
source and destination operand symbols must specify the correct type (size) of the operands (bytes, words, or
doublewords), but they do not have to specify the correct location. The locations of the source and destination
operands are always specified by the DS:(E)SI and ES:(E)DI registers, which must be loaded correctly before the
move string instruction is executed.
The no-operands form provides “short forms” of the byte, word, and doubleword versions of the MOVS instruc-
tions. Here also DS:(E)SI and ES:(E)DI are assumed to be the source and destination operands, respectively. The
size of the source and destination operands is selected with the mnemonic: MOVSB (byte move), MOVSW (word
move), or MOVSD (doubleword move).
After the move operation, the (E)SI and (E)DI registers are incremented or decremented automatically according
to the setting of the DF flag in the EFLAGS register. (If the DF flag is 0, the (E)SI and (E)DI register are incre-mented;

if the DF flag is 1, the (E)SI and (E)DI registers are decremented.) The registers are incremented or

decremented by 1 for byte operations, by 2 for word operations, or by 4 for doubleword operations.

Operation
DEST ← SRC;
Non-64-bit Mode:
IF (Byte move)
THEN IF DF = 0
THEN 
(E)SI ← (E)SI + 1; 
(E)DI ← (E)DI + 1; 
ELSE 
(E)SI ← (E)SI – 1; 
(E)DI ← (E)DI – 1; 
FI;
ELSE IF (Word move)
THEN IF DF = 0
(E)SI ← (E)SI + 2; 
(E)DI ← (E)DI + 2; 
FI;
ELSE 
(E)SI ← (E)SI – 2; 
(E)DI ← (E)DI – 2; 
FI;
ELSE IF (Doubleword move)
THEN IF DF = 0
(E)SI ← (E)SI + 4; 
(E)DI ← (E)DI + 4; 
FI;
ELSE 
(E)SI ← (E)SI – 4; 
(E)DI ← (E)DI – 4; 
FI;
FI;

rep instruction

Operation
IF AddressSize = 16
    THEN
        Use CX for CountReg;
        Implicit Source/Dest operand for memory use of SI/DI;
    ELSE IF AddressSize = 64
        THEN Use RCX for CountReg; 
        Implicit Source/Dest operand for memory use of RSI/RDI;
    ELSE
        Use ECX for CountReg;
        Implicit Source/Dest operand for memory use of ESI/EDI;
FI;
WHILE CountReg ≠ 0
DO
Service pending interrupts (if any);
Execute associated string instruction;
CountReg ← (CountReg – 1);
IF CountReg = 0
THEN exit WHILE loop; FI;
IF (Repeat prefix is REPZ or REPE) and (ZF = 0)
or (Repeat prefix is REPNZ or REPNE) and (ZF = 1)
THEN exit WHILE loop; FI;
OD;

31 64 Bit memory

64 Bit memory

others

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64

30 size of PIPE

29 Physical address map

28 IOremap

IO shared memory ==> IOremap ==> vmalloc

27: Per CPU

26: 各种锁

25: smp中

processor A 访问共享数据Data, A对Data加锁，此时processor B 也必须要用到Data，怎么办？

23: initrd and vmlinux compiling ?

the procedure of buidling initrd and vmlinx

and the script

are they compiled with the same source files ?

22: linux kernel startup

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid/1701789.html

grub and linux, how does it work ? why it need grub ?

4： float

http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2010/06/ieee_floating-point_representation.html

http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/97733490.html

最大值就是：0 11111110 11111111111111111111111

0 1111 1110 1.111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 -- 有效正max
1 1111 1110 1.111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 -- 有效负max


V = (-1)^0 * 2^(254-127) * 1.111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111
  = 2^(127-23) * 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111.
  = 2^104 * 16777215
  = 3.4028234663852885981170418348452e+38


0 0000 0000 0.000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 -- 正min (+0)
1 0000 0000 0.000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 -- 负min (-0)


+V =  (-1)^0 * 2^(-126) ^ 0.000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001
     =  + 2^(-149)
     =  + 1.4012984643248170709237295832899e-45
-V =  - 2^(-149)

0 1111 1111 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 000 -- 正无穷
1 1111 1111 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 000 -- 负无穷

+V = 正无穷 = 2^(128) =     3.4028236692093846346337460743177e+38
-V = 负无穷 = -2^(128) =  -3.4028236692093846346337460743177e+38

0 1111 1111 xxxx .... -- NaN (not a number)
1 1111 1111 xxxx .... -- NaN