OpenCV--C++图像像素处理--逻辑运算与二值化

一、逻辑运算（and, or, xor, not）

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;


int main()
{
	Mat img = imread("colors.jpg");
	if (img.empty()) {
		cout << "读取图片失败" << endl;
		return -1;
	}

	//创建两个黑白图像
	Mat img0 = Mat::zeros(200, 200, CV_8UC1);  //200*200和8位无符号黑色单通道图像
	Mat img1 = Mat::zeros(200, 200, CV_8UC1);

	Rect rect0(50, 50, 100, 100);
	img0(rect0) = Scalar(255);   // 圈定一小块区域用白色标记

	Rect rect1(100, 100, 100, 100);
	img1(rect1) = Scalar(255);
	imshow("img0", img0);
	imshow("img1", img1);


	//进行逻辑运算
	Mat test_and, test_or, test_xor, test_not, test_imgNot;
	bitwise_not(img0, test_not);
	bitwise_and(img0, img1, test_and);
	bitwise_or(img0, img1, test_or);
	bitwise_xor(img0, img1, test_xor);
	bitwise_not(img, test_imgNot);

	//展示逻辑运算的结果
	imshow("test_not", test_not);
	imshow("test_and", test_and);
	imshow("test_or", test_or);
	imshow("test_xor", test_xor);
	imshow("test_not", test_not);
	imshow("test_imgNot", test_imgNot);


	
	waitKey(0);


	return 0;
}

二、图像二值化

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main()
{	
	Mat img = imread("colors.jpg");
	if (img.empty()) {
		cout << "图片读取失败" << endl;
	}

	Mat gray;
	cvtColor(img, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);  //将RGB图像img转为灰度图gray

	// 彩图BINARY二值化
	Mat binary, binary_inv;
	threshold(img, binary, 125, 255, THRESH_BINARY);
	threshold(img, binary_inv, 125, 255, THRESH_BINARY_INV);
	imshow("binary", binary);
	imshow("binary_inv", binary_inv);

	//灰度图BINARY二值化
	Mat binary_gray, binary_gray_inv;
	threshold(gray, binary_gray,  125, 255,THRESH_BINARY);
	threshold(gray,  binary_gray_inv,125, 255, THRESH_BINARY_INV);
	imshow("binary_gray", binary_gray);
	imshow("binary_gray_inv", binary_gray_inv);

	//灰度图TOZERO二值化
	Mat tozero_gray, tozero_gray_inv;
	threshold(gray, tozero_gray, 125, 255, THRESH_TOZERO);
	threshold(gray, tozero_gray_inv, 125, 255, THRESH_TOZERO_INV);
	imshow("tozero_gray", binary_gray);
	imshow("tozero_gray_inv", binary_gray_inv);

	//灰度图TRUNC二值化
	Mat trunc_gray;
	threshold(gray, trunc_gray, 125, 255, THRESH_TRUNC);
	imshow("trunc_gray", trunc_gray);

	Mat gray_thr = imread("colors.jpg", IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);
	//灰度图OSTU二值化
	Mat otsu_gray;
	threshold(gray_thr, otsu_gray, 100, 255,THRESH_BINARY |  THRESH_OTSU);
	imshow("trunc_gray", otsu_gray);

	//灰度图triangle二值化
	Mat triangle_gray;
	threshold(gray_thr, triangle_gray, 100, 255, THRESH_BINARY | THRESH_TRIANGLE);
	imshow("triangle_gray", triangle_gray);

	//灰度图自适应二值化
	Mat adapt_mean_gray;
	adaptiveThreshold(gray_thr, adapt_mean_gray, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 55, 0);
	imshow("adapt_mean_gray", adapt_mean_gray);

	Mat adapt_gauss_gray;
	adaptiveThreshold(gray_thr, adapt_gauss_gray, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 55, 0);
	imshow("adapt_gauss_gray", adapt_gauss_gray);



	waitKey(0);
	return 0;

}

参考资料：

《OpenCV4快速入门》

GitHub - fengzhenHIT/learnOpenCV4: OpenCV 4相关文件