MFC类层次结构仿真（参考了侯俊杰的《深入浅出MFC》）

        说明：1. 在本文中，我们在析构函数中用printf代替cout, 至于具体原因，之前的博文已经讲过，这里不再赘述。

                    2. 仿真是在Windows Console上进行的。

 

        在仿真MFC类层次结构之前，我们先来复习一下与this指针相关的一个典型程序：

 

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Base
{
public:
	Base *pB;

	Base()
	{
		pB = this;
		cout << "Base Constructor" << endl;
	}

	virtual void fun()
	{
		cout << "Base fun" << endl;
	}
};

class Derived : public Base
{
public:
	Derived()
	{
		cout << "Derived Constructor" << endl;
	}

	virtual void fun()
	{
		cout << "Derived fun" << endl;
	}
};

Derived d;

Base *getPointer()
{
	return d.pB;
}

int main()
{
	Base *p = getPointer();
	p->fun();

	return 0;
}

       结果为：

 

Base Constructor
Derived Constructor
Derived fun
        可见，this绑定的是派生类Derived的对象。

 

        下面，我们来仿真MFC类的层次结构图（在Windows Console上仿真），程序如下：

 

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// MFC的类程序
class CObject
{
public:
	CObject()  
	{
		cout << "CObject Constructor \n";
	}

	~CObject() 
	{
		printf("CObject Destructor \n");
	}
};

class CCmdTarget : public CObject
{
public:
	CCmdTarget() 
	{                     
		cout << "CCmdTarget Constructor \n";
	}

	~CCmdTarget() 
	{               
		printf("CCmdTarget Destructor \n");
	}
};

class CWinThread : public CCmdTarget
{
public:
	CWinThread()  
	{
		cout << "CWinThread Constructor \n";
	}

	~CWinThread()
	{
		printf("CWinThread Destructor \n");
	}
};

class CWinApp : public CWinThread
{
public:
	CWinApp* m_pCurrentWinApp;

	CWinApp()  
	{
		cout << "CWinApp Constructor \n";
		m_pCurrentWinApp = this; // this绑定全局对象theApp
	}

	~CWinApp()
	{
		printf("CWinApp Destructor \n");
	}
};


// 应用程序
class CMyWinApp : public CWinApp
{
public:
	CMyWinApp()   
	{
		cout << "CMyWinApp Constructor \n";
	}

	~CMyWinApp()  
	{
		printf("CMyWinApp Destructor \n");
	}
};

CMyWinApp theApp;     // 全局对象

CWinApp* AfxGetApp()  // 全局函数
{
	return theApp.m_pCurrentWinApp;
}

int main()
{
	CWinApp* pApp = AfxGetApp(); // pApp绑定了theApp对象
	
	return 0;
}

       结果为：

 

CObject Constructor
CCmdTarget Constructor
CWinThread Constructor
CWinApp Constructor
CMyWinApp Constructor
CMyWinApp Destructor
CWinApp Destructor
CWinThread Destructor
CCmdTarget Destructor
CObject Destructor
       对比上述程序和MFC的实际框架，就发现两者有异曲同工之妙。

 

       为了进一步证实pApp的确是绑定了theApp对象，我们来测试一下，程序如下：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// MFC的类程序
class CObject
{
public:
	virtual void print()
	{
		cout << "CObject" << endl;
	}
};

class CCmdTarget : public CObject
{
public:
	virtual void print()
	{
		cout << "CCmdTarget" << endl;
	}
};

class CWinThread : public CCmdTarget
{
public:
	virtual void print()
	{
		cout << "CWinThread" << endl;
	}
};

class CWinApp : public CWinThread
{
public:
	CWinApp* m_pCurrentWinApp;

	CWinApp()  
	{
		m_pCurrentWinApp = this; // this绑定全局对象theApp
	}

	virtual void print()
	{
		cout << "CWinApp" << endl;
	}
};


// 应用程序
class CMyWinApp : public CWinApp
{
public:
	virtual void print()
	{
		cout << "CMyWinApp" << endl;
	}
};

CMyWinApp theApp;     // 全局对象

CWinApp* AfxGetApp()  // 全局函数
{
	return theApp.m_pCurrentWinApp;
}

int main()
{
	CWinApp* pApp = AfxGetApp(); // pApp指向了theApp对象
	pApp->print();
	
	return 0;
}

       结果为：

 

CMyWinApp