前言
SSD虽然不是机械盘，但上面的晶元伴随着数据的擦写，导致晶元厚度越来越薄，当晶元厚度薄到一定程度时，意味着SSD寿命已尽，对于存储产品，更迫切的需要知道当前集群里使用的SSD，其寿命还有多少。
目前lab里常见的SSD，型号有S4610，S3700和NVME的，NVME的是PCI-e类型的，但intelS4600，S4610，S7300之类型号的SSD，有的设备是在RAID卡上，但有的设备上又不在RAID卡上。如何确定这些NVME，在RAID卡和不在RAID卡上的SSD的剩余寿命呢？
NVME类型的SSD的使用寿命获取
方法1：借助nvmemgr获取
NVME有一个driver，这个driver可以监控NVMESSD的状态以及获取实时信息，有兴趣的可以参考nvmemgr driver的help信息：
shell
root@CVM-01:~# nvmemgr
nvmemgr version: 00.06.202
usage: nvmemgr <command> [<options>] <target> [<args>]
list List all the controllers and namespaces on this machine
monitor Show basic infomations of the controller in real time
dump Dump the controller registers of the NVMe controller
identify Describe the controller/namespace capabilities and status
getlogpage Return a data buffer containing the log page requested
asynceventreq Request controller to report status/error/health information as these events occurs
getfeature Retrieve the attributes of the feature specified
setfeature Specify the attributes of the feature specified
fwactivate Verify a valid f/w image has been downloaded and activate it
fwdownload Download the firmware image for a future update to the controller
formatnvm Low level format a namespace or all namespace on a controller
reset Initiate an NVM subsystem reset
locate locate nvme device
cpu-cycle Get the cpu performance cycle statistics
io-count Get the I/O counter statistics
ipc-stats Get the IPC statistics
link-stats Get the PCIe link statistics
io-latency Get the I/O latency statistics
backend-stats Get the backend statistics
flash-latency Get the flash latency statistics
sched-statistic Get the schedule manager statistics
sched-rderr Get the schedule manager read error state
sched-wrerr Get the schedule manager write error state
flash-msg-history Get flash message history
lun-mgr-sts Get lun manager status
phy-bufid-sts Get physical buffer ID status
dump-pageframe Dump a page frame with physical flash address
get-pedata Get PE data
read-retry Read retry and dump a data frame with physical flash address
nvme-dump-msglog Dump each proccessor's message
pcie-dump-msglog Dump each proccessor's message via pcie
parse-raw-msglog Parse the raw binary firmware message log
node-map Show the node map
dump-core-mem Dump processor core memory
pcie-dump-dataframe Dump a data frame with physical flash address via pcie
pcie-prog-page Program a page with physical flash address via pcie
pcie-erase-block Erase a block with physical flash address via pcie
pcie-read-ddr Read ddr data out via pcie
pcie-dump-csr Dump command status register value
pcie-pause Force the target node enter the pause state in interrupt context
pcie-resume Exit the pause state
dump-ftl Dump ftl table
nvme-abrupt-shutdown Simulate abrupt shutdown via nvme
pcie-abrupt-shutdown Simulate abrupt shutdown via pcie
lookup-chunkInfo Get lookup chunk Info
read-eeprom Read 32 bits value from eeprom with offset at a time
write-eeprom Write 32 bits value to eeprom with offset at a time
fw-describe Display the firmware description more than version-nmuber only.
oob-fw-download Download the firmware image to the oob module
oob-fw-version Get the version of oob firmware image in mcu
oob-fw-activate Activate the oob firmware image in mcu
oob-vpd-enable Execute enable/disable/get_status of oob vpd flag
set-oob-vpd-model-serial Set oob vpd model number/serial number
get-oob-vpd-model-serial Get oob vpd model number/serial number
oob-nvme-enable Execute enable/disable/get_status of oob nvme flag
set-pcie-id Set the PCIe device/vendor/sub-system IDs
get-pcie-id Get the PCIe device/vendor/sub-system IDs
lookup-statistic Get the lookup manager statistics
dump-sb Dump super block informations
allfwdownload Download both controller and oob firmware
write-flash Recover bricked PBlaze4 card via write new firmware
force-pcie-mode Force drive boot into PCIe mode, always used before write-flash
read-pci-cmd Read out pcicmd&sts reg value
force-set-pci-cmd Force set Pci Cmd register MSE and BME bit to 1
force-sb-open Force super block open
clear-sb-open Clear super block open
pcie-get-rsts Get recovery status
micron-force-wp Force Micron PB4 into write protect mode
micron-clear-wp Clear Micron PB4 from write protect mode
micron-lowlevelformat Low level format Micron PB4
micron-clear-errorlogs Clear event and error logs for Micron PB4
micron-set-erase-count Set erase count for Micron PB4
micron-bgtask-switch Execute enable/disable bg task for Micron PB4
micron-create-small-drive Create small drive for Micron PB4
micron-read-flash-prog-cnt Read flash program count for Micron PB4
micron-mark-block-as-bad Mark block as bad for Micron PB4
micron-del-retired-block Delete retired block for Micron PB4
micron-get-bad-block-cnt Get bad block count for Micron PB4
micron-get-bad-block-info Get bad block info for Micron PB4
micron-get-erase-count Get erase count for Micron PB4
micron-get-error-log Get error log for Micron PB4
micron-physical-to-lba Calculate physical address to lba for Micron PB4
micron-lba-to-physical Calculate lba to physical address for Micron PB4
micron-get-config-data Get drive config data for Micron PB4
micron-get-rbec Get read bit error count for Micron PB4
micron-read-fid Read fid for Micron PB4
micron-erase-direct Erase direct for Micron PB4
micron-vu-lock Lock vu for Micron PB4
micron-seq-wr Sequencer write for Micron PB4
micron-seq-rd Sequencer read for Micron PB4
micron-rd-otp Read otp for Micron PB4
micron-get-temp-thro Get temp throttling for Micron PB4
micron-set-temp-thro Set temp throttling for Micron PB4
micron-read-temp-sensors Read all temp sensors for Micron PB4
micron-vu-unlock Unlock vu for Micron PB4
help Display all the standard and Memblaze specific NVMe commands
More details about a specific command, see 'nvmemgr command [--help | -h]'
root@CVM-01:~#
言归正传，如何通过nvmemgr这个工具获取NVME SSD的寿命呢？
Step1. 获取NVME的controller name
shell
root@CVM-01:~# nvmemgr list | grep controller
controller nvme0 (namespace nvme0n1):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p1):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p10):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p11):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p12):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p13):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p14):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p15):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p16):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p17):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p18):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p19):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p2):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p20):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p21):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p22):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p23):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p24):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p25):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p3):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p4):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p5):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p6):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p7):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p8):
controller (namespace nvme0n1p9):
这里，显示当前系统里，NVME controller name是 nvme0
Step2. 使用nvmemgr monitor获取对应controller信息
shell
root@CVM-01:~# nvmemgr monitor -i 1000 -p --ctrl nvme0
Manufacture Name: Memblaze Technology Co.,Ltd
Product Name: PBlaze4
Model Number: INTEL SSDPEDMD800G4 8DV10131
Serial Number: CVFT521000FK800CGN INTEL SSDPEDMD800G4 8DV10131
Available Capacity: 800.16GB
Percentage of Spare Space 100%
Threshold of Spare Space 10%
Percentage of Device Life Used 4%
Total Read 1.50TB
Total Write: 620.36GB
Name: /dev/nvme0
Firmware: 8DV10131
Power Cycles: 109
Power-on Hours: 18485
Device Temperature: -273C -273C -273C
Power: 0W 0W 0W
Status: Safe
Current Read IOPS: 0.00K
Current Write IOPS: 0.00K
Current Read Bandwidth: 0.00MB/s
Current Write Bandwidth: 0.00MB/s
Manufacture Name: Memblaze Technology Co.,Ltd
Product Name: PBlaze4
Model Number: INTEL SSDPEDMD800G4 8DV10131
Serial Number: CVFT521000FK800CGN INTEL SSDPEDMD800G4 8DV10131
Available Capacity: 800.16GB
Percentage of Spare Space 100%
Threshold of Spare Space 10%
Percentage of Device Life Used 4%
Total Read 1.50TB
Total Write: 620.36GB
Name: /dev/nvme0
Firmware: 8DV10131
Power Cycles: 109
Power-on Hours: 18485
Device Temperature: -273C -273C -273C
Power: 0W 0W 0W
Status: Safe
Current Read IOPS: 0.00K
Current Write IOPS: 0.02K
Current Read Bandwidth: 0.00MB/s
Current Write Bandwidth: 0.07MB/s
上面吐出信息，有一行Percentage of Device Life Used 4% ,这里意味着，这块SSD，目前已经使用了4%的寿命，还有96%的可用寿命。
方法2：通过NVME smart信息获取
直接上代码
shell
root@CVM-01:~# cat get_nvme_ssd_life_time.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
""" Get NVME SSD lift left """
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import os
import ctypes
import ctypes.util
class NVMEPassthruCommand(ctypes.Structure):
_fields_ = [
('opcode', ctypes.c_ubyte),
('flags', ctypes.c_ubyte),
('rsvd1', ctypes.c_uint16),
('nsid', ctypes.c_uint32),
('cdw2', ctypes.c_uint32),
('cdw3', ctypes.c_uint32),
('metadata', ctypes.c_uint64),
('addr', ctypes.c_uint64),
('metadata_len', ctypes.c_uint32),
('data_len', ctypes.c_uint32),
('cdw10', ctypes.c_uint32),
('cdw11', ctypes.c_uint32),
('cdw12', ctypes.c_uint32),
('cdw13', ctypes.c_uint32),
('cdw14', ctypes.c_uint32),
('cdw15', ctypes.c_uint32),
('timeout_ms', ctypes.c_uint32),
('result', ctypes.c_uint32)
]
class NVMESmartLog(ctypes.Structure):
_fields_ = [
('critical_warning', ctypes.c_ubyte),
('temperature', ctypes.c_ubyte * 2),
('avail_spare', ctypes.c_ubyte),
('spare_thresh', ctypes.c_ubyte),
('percent_used', ctypes.c_ubyte),
('rsvd6', ctypes.c_ubyte * 26),
('data_units_read', ctypes.c_ubyte * 16),
('data_units_written', ctypes.c_ubyte * 16),
('host_reads', ctypes.c_ubyte * 16),
('host_writes', ctypes.c_ubyte * 16),
('ctrl_busy_time', ctypes.c_ubyte * 16),
('power_cycles', ctypes.c_ubyte * 16),
('power_on_hours', ctypes.c_ubyte * 16),
('unsafe_shutdowns', ctypes.c_ubyte * 16),
('media_errors', ctypes.c_ubyte * 16),
('num_err_log_entries', ctypes.c_ubyte * 16),
('warning_temp_time', ctypes.c_uint32),
('critical_comp_time', ctypes.c_uint32),
('temp_sensor', ctypes.c_uint16 * 8),
('thm_temp1_trans_count', ctypes.c_uint32),
('thm_temp2_trans_count', ctypes.c_uint32),
('thm_temp1_total_time', ctypes.c_uint32),
('thm_temp2_total_time', ctypes.c_uint32),
('rsvd232', ctypes.c_ubyte * 280)
]
class IoctlGeneric(object):
_IOC_NRBITS = 8
_IOC_TYPEBITS = 8
_IOC_SIZEBITS = 14
_IOC_DIRBITS = 2
_IOC_NONE = 0
_IOC_WRITE = 1
_IOC_READ = 2
@classmethod
def ioc(cls, direction, request_type, request_nr, size):
_IOC_NRSHIFT = 0
_IOC_TYPESHIFT = _IOC_NRSHIFT + cls._IOC_NRBITS
_IOC_SIZESHIFT = _IOC_TYPESHIFT + cls._IOC_TYPEBITS
_IOC_DIRSHIFT = _IOC_SIZESHIFT + cls._IOC_SIZEBITS
return (
(direction << _IOC_DIRSHIFT) |
(request_type << _IOC_TYPESHIFT) |
(request_nr << _IOC_NRSHIFT) |
(size << _IOC_SIZESHIFT)
)
NVME_ADMIN_IDENTIFY = 0x06
NVME_LOG_SMART = 0x02
NVME_ADMIN_GET_LOG_PAGE = 0x02
NSID = 0xffffffff
_ioctl_fn = None
def _get_ioctl_fn():
global _ioctl_fn
if _ioctl_fn is not None:
return _ioctl_fn
libc_name = ctypes.util.find_library('c')
if not libc_name:
raise Exception('Unable to find c library')
libc = ctypes.CDLL(libc_name, use_errno=True)
_ioctl_fn = libc.ioctl
return _ioctl_fn
def ioctl(fd, request, *args):
ioctl_args = [ctypes.c_int(fd), ctypes.c_ulong(request)] + list(args)
try:
ioctl_fn = _get_ioctl_fn()
except Exception as e:
raise NotImplementedError(
'Unable to get ioctl()-function from C library: {err}'.format(err=str(e)))
res = ioctl_fn(*ioctl_args)
if res < 0:
err = ctypes.get_errno()
raise OSError(err, os.strerror(err))
return res
def IOWR(request_type, request_nr, size):
calc = IoctlGeneric()
return calc.ioc(calc._IOC_READ | calc._IOC_WRITE, ord(request_type), request_nr, size)
def nvme_submit_admin_passthru(fd, cmd):
NVME_IOCTL_ADMIN_CMD = IOWR('N', 0x41, ctypes.sizeof(cmd))
return ioctl(fd, NVME_IOCTL_ADMIN_CMD, ctypes.byref(cmd))
def get_smart_log(dev_name):
try:
fd = os.open(dev_name, os.O_RDONLY)
smart_log = NVMESmartLog()
ret = nvme_get_log(fd, NSID, NVME_LOG_SMART, smart_log)
except Exception as ex:
raise RuntimeError("can not get device smart log : (%s)", str(ex))
finally:
os.close(fd)
return smart_log
def nvme_get_log(fd, nsid, log_id, data):
admin_cmd = NVMEPassthruCommand()
admin_cmd.opcode = NVME_ADMIN_GET_LOG_PAGE
admin_cmd.nsid = nsid
admin_cmd.addr = ctypes.addressof(data)
data_len = ctypes.sizeof(data)
admin_cmd.data_len = data_len
numd = (data_len >> 2) - 1
numdu = numd >> 16
numdl = numd & 0xffff
admin_cmd.cdw10 = log_id | (numdl << 16)
admin_cmd.cdw11 = numdu
return nvme_submit_admin_passthru(fd, admin_cmd)
if __name__ == '__main__':
dev_name= '/dev/nvme0n1'
smart_log = get_smart_log(dev_name)
print smart_log.percent_used
执行效果：
shell
root@CVM-01:~# python get_nvme_ssd_life_time.py
4
root@CVM-01:~#
结果返回是4，说明只使用了4%的寿命，还剩余96%的寿命，这里计算出来的，和通过nvmemgr monitor获取到的，完全一致~
非NVME SSD寿命获取
如何区分SSD是不是在RAID卡上呢？
SSD 不在RAID卡上
shell
root@node243:~# lsscsi
[0:0:9:0] enclosu GOOXIBM 2U12SXP 24Sx12G B013 -
[0:0:13:0] disk ATA INTEL SSDSC2KG48 0100 /dev/sdk
[0:0:23:0] disk ATA INTEL SSDSC2KG48 0121 /dev/sdl
[0:2:0:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdd
[0:2:1:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sda
[0:2:2:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdb
[0:2:3:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdc
[0:2:4:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sde
[0:2:5:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdf
[0:2:6:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdg
[0:2:7:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdh
[0:2:8:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdi
[0:2:9:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdj
SSD 在RAID卡上
shell
root@node243:~# lsblk -d -o name,rota
NAME ROTA
sda 1
sdb 1
sdc 1
sdd 1
sde 1
sdf 1
sdg 1
sdh 1
sdi 1
sdj 1
sdk 1
sdl 1
root@node243:~# lsscsi
[0:0:9:0] enclosu GOOXIBM 2U12SXP 24Sx12G B013 -
[0:2:0:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdd
[0:2:1:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sda
[0:2:2:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdb
[0:2:3:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdc
[0:2:4:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sde
[0:2:5:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdf
[0:2:6:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdg
[0:2:7:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdh
[0:2:8:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdi
[0:2:9:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdj
[0:2:10:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdk
[0:2:11:0] disk AVAGO MR9361-8i 4.68 /dev/sdl
root@node243:~#
对比了一下 lsscsi 吐出的信息，发现在RAID卡上的SSD，都会含有RAID卡的型号，而且没法直接看出是否是SSD，自然也没法分辨出SSD分区信息。
本文RAID卡型号是LSI的，显示是AVAGO，截取了片段信息，如下:
shell
root@CVM-01:~# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 adpallinfo -a0
Adapter #0
==============================================================================
Versions
================
Product Name : AVAGO 3108 MegaRAID
Serial No :
FW Package Build: 24.15.0-0018
SSD不在RAID卡上，SSD寿命的获取
说明：
-
通过
lsblk或者lsscsi命令，都可以获取SSD分区信息 -
如果SSD在RAID卡上，但是设置成JBOD模式，依然可以通过本章节方法获取SSD寿命
Step1. 先获取到SSD分区信息
shell
root@node-196:~# lsblk -d -o name,rota
NAME ROTA
rbd0 0
sdd 0
sdb 1
sde 0
sdc 1
sda 1
root@node-196:~# lsscsi
[0:0:8:0] enclosu AIC CORP SAS 6G Expander 0b01 -
[0:2:0:0] disk LSI MR9271-8i 3.24 /dev/sda
[0:2:1:0] disk LSI MR9271-8i 3.24 /dev/sdb
[0:2:2:0] disk LSI MR9271-8i 3.24 /dev/sdc
[1:0:0:0] disk ATA INTEL SSDSC2BA40 0270 /dev/sdd
[2:0:0:0] disk ATA INTEL SSDSC2BA40 0270 /dev/sde
root@node-196:~#
如上，可以看出，SSD对应分区是/dev/sdd 和 /dev/sde，对于rbd0，是存储export出来的device，这里忽略它。
Step2. 查看smart信息
shell
root@node-196:~# smartctl -a /dev/sdd
smartctl 7.0 2018-12-30 r4883 [x86_64-linux-4.14.148-server] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Intel 730 and DC S35x0/3610/3700 Series SSDs
Device Model: INTEL SSDSC2BA400G3
Serial Number: BTTV449301BQ400HGN
LU WWN Device Id: 5 5cd2e4 04b73452c
Firmware Version: 5DV10270
User Capacity: 400,088,457,216 bytes [400 GB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-2 T13/2015-D revision 3
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Thu Jan 23 10:10:27 2020 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x02) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 2) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x79) SMART execute Offline immediate.
No Auto Offline data collection support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 37769
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 324
170 Available_Reservd_Space 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
171 Program_Fail_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
172 Erase_Fail_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
174 Unsafe_Shutdown_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 271
175 Power_Loss_Cap_Test 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 614 (179 4205)
183 SATA_Downshift_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0033 100 100 090 Pre-fail Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Temperature_Case 0x0022 077 074 000 Old_age Always - 23 (Min/Max 18/26)
192 Unsafe_Shutdown_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 271
194 Temperature_Internal 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 34
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
199 CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
225 Host_Writes_32MiB 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 20629803
226 Workld_Media_Wear_Indic 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 5468
227 Workld_Host_Reads_Perc 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 13
228 Workload_Minutes 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2263937
232 Available_Reservd_Space 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x0032 095 095 000 Old_age Always - 0
234 Thermal_Throttle 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0/0
241 Host_Writes_32MiB 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 20629803
242 Host_Reads_32MiB 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 3310760
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 27499 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
root@node-196:~#
上面吐出的信息，有一行Media_Wearout_Indicator，这行有一列WORST，它对应的值，就是当前SSD寿命剩余百分比值，比如这里的95%，表示此块SSD还有95%的使用寿命。
SSD在RAID卡上，SSD寿命的获取
Step1. 获取SSD分区名称
尝试使用lsblk去获取
shell
root@node243:~# lsblk -d -o name,rota
NAME ROTA
sda 1
sdb 1
sdc 1
sdd 1
sde 1
sdf 1
sdg 1
sdh 1
sdi 1
sdj 1
sdk 1
sdl 1
root@node243:~#
发现吐出的结果全部是1，很显然，当SSD在RAID卡上，且加入RAID组后，lsblk无法获取出哪个分区是SSD了。。。怎么破？
换个思路，使用megacli命令试试：
shell
root@node243:~# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 ldpdinfo aall | grep -Ei 'Device Id:|Inquiry Data:|Raw Size:'
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 24
Raw Size: 279.396 GB [0x22ecb25c Sectors]
Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST300MM0048 N001W0K156RV
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 12
Raw Size: 3.638 TB [0x1d1c0beb0 Sectors]
Inquiry Data: K3H25KAL HGST HUS726040ALE610 APGNTD05
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 14
Raw Size: 3.638 TB [0x1d1c0beb0 Sectors]
Inquiry Data: V6G6BUJN HGST HUS726T4TALE6L4 VKGNW40H
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 17
Raw Size: 3.638 TB [0x1d1c0beb0 Sectors]
Inquiry Data: V6G6GRHN HGST HUS726T4TALE6L4 VKGNW40H
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 15
Raw Size: 3.638 TB [0x1d1c0beb0 Sectors]
Inquiry Data: V6G6DTSN HGST HUS726T4TALE6L4 VKGNW40H
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 16
Raw Size: 3.638 TB [0x1d1c0beb0 Sectors]
Inquiry Data: V6G6GREN HGST HUS726T4TALE6L4 VKGNW40H
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 19
Raw Size: 3.638 TB [0x1d1c0beb0 Sectors]
Inquiry Data: V6G6GL3N HGST HUS726T4TALE6L4 VKGNW40H
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 20
Raw Size: 3.638 TB [0x1d1c0beb0 Sectors]
Inquiry Data: V6G4B65N HGST HUS726T4TALE6L4 VKGNW40H
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 18
Raw Size: 3.638 TB [0x1d1c0beb0 Sectors]
Inquiry Data: V6G6B6NN HGST HUS726T4TALE6L4 VKGNW40H
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 21
Raw Size: 3.638 TB [0x1d1c0beb0 Sectors]
Inquiry Data: V6G6GYJN HGST HUS726T4TALE6L4 VKGNW40H
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 23
Raw Size: 447.130 GB [0x37e436b0 Sectors]
Inquiry Data: BTYM7406012Z480BGN INTEL SSDSC2KG480G7 SCV10121
Enclosure Device ID: 9
Device Id: 13
Raw Size: 447.130 GB [0x37e436b0 Sectors]
Inquiry Data: BTYM72940D40480BGN INTEL SSDSC2KG480G7 SCV10100
root@node243:~#
这里有一列信息Inquiry Data，表示每个Device的序列号，里面有品牌信息，其中，INTEL SSDSC2KG480G7表示这块盘，是INTEL SSD，容量480G，至此，可以知道，Device Id: 13（这很重要）这块盘，是SSD，对应分区是/dev/sdl（至于如何确认RAID卡上RAID组对应哪个系统分区（盘符）信息，参考我的其他推文）
Step2. smartctl获取smart信息
shell
root@node243:~# smartctl -a -d megaraid,23 /dev/sdl
smartctl 6.6 2016-05-31 r4324 [x86_64-linux-4.1.49-server] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: INTEL SSDSC2KG480G7
Serial Number: BTYM7406012Z480BGN
LU WWN Device Id: 5 5cd2e4 14ec10087
Firmware Version: SCV10121
User Capacity: 480,103,981,056 bytes [480 GB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 5
SATA Version is: SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Thu Jan 23 11:20:45 2020 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Status not supported: ATA return descriptor not supported by controller firmware
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x79) SMART execute Offline immediate.
No Auto Offline data collection support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 4
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 6198
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 85
170 Unknown_Attribute 0x0033 099 099 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
171 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1
172 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
174 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 58
175 Program_Fail_Count_Chip 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 477858433335
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0033 100 100 090 Pre-fail Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 076 068 000 Old_age Always - 24 (Min/Max 17/33)
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 58
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 24
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
225 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1298207
226 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1392
227 Unknown_SSD_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 17
228 Power-off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 371377
232 Available_Reservd_Space 0x0033 099 099 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 0
234 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1298207
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 279079
243 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1893917
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
root@node243:~#
这是一个完整的SSD 分区的smart信息，信息有些多，过滤一下，只获取我们关心的几个值就好：
shell
root@node243:~# smartctl -a -d megaraid,23 /dev/sdl | grep -Ei 'Device Model|Serial Number|User Capacity|Media_Wearout_Indicator'
Device Model: INTEL SSDSC2KG480G7
Serial Number: BTYM7406012Z480BGN
User Capacity: 480,103,981,056 bytes [480 GB]
233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 0
root@node243:~#
从smart吐出的信息可以看出，这块SSD的使用寿命还有99%(对应smart信息的WORST那一列的值)
那如果不带device id，能直接通过smartctl获取SSD寿命信息么？
shell
root@node243:~# smartctl -a /dev/sdl
smartctl 6.6 2016-05-31 r4324 [x86_64-linux-4.1.49-server] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Vendor: AVAGO
Product: MR9361-8i
Revision: 4.68
User Capacity: 479,559,942,144 bytes [479 GB]
Logical block size: 512 bytes
Logical Unit id: 0x600605b00d75873025bc3ae7a8d1ad1b
Serial number: 001badd1a8e73abc253087750db00506
Device type: disk
Local Time is: Thu Jan 23 11:22:10 2020 CST
SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability.
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
Current Drive Temperature: 0 C
Drive Trip Temperature: 0 C
Error Counter logging not supported
Device does not support Self Test logging
root@node243:~#
从吐出信息来看，是没有的~~
说明：
-
由于lab里只有intel的SSD，这个SSD使用寿命对应smart项是233（Media_Wearout_Indicator），但并不是所有类型的SSD的都是233，参考如下：
shell
SSD_INDICATOR = {
'INTEL': '233',
'INDILINX': '209',
'MICRON': '202',
'SAMSUNG': '177',
'SANDFORCE': '231'
}
来源: Transcendent
文章作者: Gavin Wang
文章链接: 获取SSD寿命 | Transcendent
本文章著作权归作者所有，任何形式的转载都请注明出处。
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