类简单工厂模式-笔记

前言

本文来自《Head Fist 设计模式》一书的实例，这里仅仅是个人笔记记录

现象需求

package com.su.factorymode.none;

public class PizzaUtil {

    // 奶酪
    public static final String Type_Cheese = "Type_Cheese";

    // 花蛤
    public static final String Type_Clam = "Type_Clam";

    // 希腊
    public static final String Type_Greek = "Type_Greek";

    // 意大利腊肠
    public static final String Type_Pepperoni = "Type_Pepperoni";

    // 素食
    public static final String Type_Veggie = "Type_Veggie";

    public static Pizza orderPizza(String type) {
        Pizza mPizza = null;

        /**
         * 这里存在代码不灵活的问题，即运行时才知道具体类型 不方便增删的问题，请思考如何解决？
         */
        if (Type_Cheese.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new CheesePizza();
        } else if (Type_Clam.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new ClamPizza();
        } else if (Type_Greek.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new GreekPizza();
        } else if (Type_Pepperoni.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new PepperoniPizza();
        } else if (Type_Veggie.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new VeggiePizza();
        }

        mPizza.prepare();
        mPizza.bake();
        mPizza.cut();
        mPizza.box();

        return mPizza;
    }
}

分析

上述的披萨制作，会存在新增、修改、删除不灵活的问题，这里需要进行封装处理。
根据上述代码的特点，变化和不变化进行代码封装，即良好的编程习惯
1.经常变化的封装为一个SimplePizzaFactory类

       if (Type_Cheese.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new CheesePizza();
        } else if (Type_Clam.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new ClamPizza();
        } else if (Type_Greek.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new GreekPizza();
        } else if (Type_Pepperoni.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new PepperoniPizza();
        } else if (Type_Veggie.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new VeggiePizza();
        }

2.不变的封装为PizzaStore类

mPizza.prepare();
mPizza.bake();
mPizza.cut();
mPizza.box();

解决

工厂类

只负责提供Pizza的分类，这里不使用静态工厂【SimplePizzaFactory.createPizza(type)】的目的是为了后续继承拓展方便

package com.su.factorymode.simple;

public class SimplePizzaFactory {

    public Pizza createPizza(String type) {
        Pizza mPizza = null;

        if (PizzaStore.Type_Cheese.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new CheesePizza();
        } else if (PizzaStore.Type_Clam.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new ClamPizza();
        } else if (PizzaStore.Type_Greek.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new GreekPizza();
        } else if (PizzaStore.Type_Pepperoni.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new PepperoniPizza();
        } else if (PizzaStore.Type_Veggie.equals(type)) {
            mPizza = new VeggiePizza();
        }

        return mPizza;
    }

}

即先前的解决方案如下

package com.su.factorymode.simple;

public class PizzaStore {

    // 奶酪
    public static final String Type_Cheese = "Type_Cheese";

    // 花蛤
    public static final String Type_Clam = "Type_Clam";

    // 希腊
    public static final String Type_Greek = "Type_Greek";

    // 意大利腊肠
    public static final String Type_Pepperoni = "Type_Pepperoni";

    // 素食
    public static final String Type_Veggie = "Type_Veggie";

    private SimplePizzaFactory mSimplePizzaFactory;

    public void setSimplePizzaFactory(SimplePizzaFactory mSimplePizzaFactory) {
        this.mSimplePizzaFactory = mSimplePizzaFactory;
    }

    public Pizza orderPizza(String type) {
        Pizza mPizza = mSimplePizzaFactory.createPizza(type);

        mPizza.prepare();
        mPizza.bake();
        mPizza.cut();
        mPizza.box();

        return mPizza;
    }
}

结语

学习到这里我真的没感觉到工厂模式的精神，感觉就是封装啊，一个类根据用途特性分为2个独立功能的类而已。明天继续学习看下真正的工厂模式到底是什么？