Linux之yum和rpm命令报错：Error: rpmdb open failed

拿到一台服务器，再部署项目时，用yum安装软件时，报错如下：

error: rpmdb: BDB0113 Thread/process 9480/140323413588032 failed: BDB1507 Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db5 error(-30973) from dbenv->failchk: BDB0087 DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages index using db5 -  (-30973)
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
error: rpmdb: BDB0113 Thread/process 9480/140323413588032 failed: BDB1507 Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db5 error(-30973) from dbenv->failchk: BDB0087 DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
[root@VM-0-5-centos ~]# yum list
error: rpmdb: BDB0113 Thread/process 9480/140323413588032 failed: BDB1507 Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db5 error(-30973) from dbenv->failchk: BDB0087 DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages index using db5 -  (-30973)
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
CRITICAL:yum.main:

Error: rpmdb open failed
[root@VM-0-5-centos ~]# rpmdb open failed
RPM version 4.11.3
Copyright (C) 1998-2002 - Red Hat, Inc.
This program may be freely redistributed under the terms of the GNU GPL

Usage: rpmdb [-v?] [--initdb] [--rebuilddb] [-D|--define 'MACRO EXPR'] [--undefine=MACRO] [-E|--eval 'EXPR'] [--macros=<FILE:...>] [--noplugins] [--nodigest]
        [--nosignature] [--rcfile=<FILE:...>] [-r|--root ROOT] [--dbpath=DIRECTORY] [--querytags] [--showrc] [--quiet] [-v|--verbose] [--version] [-?|--help]
        [--usage]

如图：

字面意思rpmdb开启失败，运行rpm -qa，也报错，同样的问题，rpmdb的问题

解决：
1.进到rpm目录

cd /var/lib/rpm

可以看到几个_db开头的几个文件，如图：

2.删除_db开头的文件

rm -rf _db*

3.重新构建

rpm --rebuilddb

好了，执行yum和rpm命令可以了！