Description
给定一个二维的矩阵,包含 ‘X’ 和 ‘O’(字母 O)。
找到所有被 ‘X’ 围绕的区域,并将这些区域里所有的 ‘O’ 用 ‘X’ 填充。
示例:
X X X X
X O O X
X X O X
X O X X
运行你的函数后,矩阵变为:
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X O X X
解释:
被围绕的区间不会存在于边界上,换句话说,任何边界上的 'O' 都不会被填充为 'X'。 任何不在边界上,或不与边界上的 'O' 相连的 'O' 最终都会被填充为 'X'。如果两个元素在水平或垂直方向相邻,则称它们是“相连”的。
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/surrounded-regions
著作权归领扣网络所有。商业转载请联系官方授权,非商业转载请注明出处。
Solution 1 BFS
题解
从边界出发吧,先把边界上和 O 连通点找到, 把这些变成 B,然后遍历整个 board 把 O 变成 X, 把 B 变成 O
class Solution:
def solve(self, board: List[List[str]]) -> None:
if not board or not board[0]:
return
row = len(board)
col = len(board[0])
def bfs(i, j):
from collections import deque
queue = deque()
queue.appendleft((i, j))
while queue:
i, j = queue.pop()
if 0 <= i < row and 0 <= j < col and board[i][j] == "O":
board[i][j] = "B"
for x, y in [(-1, 0), (1, 0), (0, -1), (0, 1)]:
queue.appendleft((i + x, j + y))
for j in range(col):
# 第一行
if board[0][j] == "O":
bfs(0, j)
# 最后一行
if board[row - 1][j] == "O":
bfs(row - 1, j)
for i in range(row):
if board[i][0] == "O":
bfs(i, 0)
if board[i][col - 1] == "O":
bfs(i, col - 1)
for i in range(row):
for j in range(col):
if board[i][j] == "O":
board[i][j] = "X"
if board[i][j] == "B":
board[i][j] = "O"
作者:powcai
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/surrounded-regions/solution/dfs-bfs-bing-cha-ji-by-powcai/
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。
Solution 2 并查集
把边界 O 并且与它连通这些点分在一起
class Solution:
def solve(self, board: List[List[str]]) -> None:
"""
Do not return anything, modify board in-place instead.
"""
f = {} # f[1]=2:表示1的祖先是2
def find(x): # 找到x的祖先
f.setdefault(x, x)
if f[x] != x:
f[x] = find(f[x])
return f[x]
def union(x, y): # 将y的祖先合并到x的祖先上
f[find(y)] = find(x) # 将y的祖先赋值为x的祖先
if not board or not board[0]:
return
row = len(board)
col = len(board[0])
dummy = row * col
for i in range(row):
for j in range(col):
if board[i][j] == "O":
if i == 0 or i == row - 1 or j == 0 or j == col - 1:
union(i * col + j, dummy)
else:
for x, y in [(-1, 0), (1, 0), (0, -1), (0, 1)]:
if board[i + x][j + y] == "O":
union(i * col + j, (i + x) * col + (j + y))
for i in range(row):
for j in range(col):
if find(dummy) == find(i * col + j):
board[i][j] = "O"
else:
board[i][j] = "X"