C primer plus 第十章(数组和指针)编程练习--第五版

C primer plus 第十章(数组和指针)编程练习–第五版

---

C 语言编程练习都为本人学习时的编写代码记录或学习笔记，若有不当之处欢迎指正，感激不尽。(其中编程设计也可有其他设计方案，本人目前仅在学习中，所以仅为个人学习记录，仅供参考。)

---

1．修改程序清单 10.7 中的程序 rain，使它不使用数组下标，而是使用指针进行计算（程序中仍然需要声明并初始化数组）。

/* rain.c -- find yearly totals, yearly average, and monthly                                  average for several years of rainfall data */

#include<stdio.h>
#define MONTHS 12       /* number of months in a year */
#define YEARS   5       /* number of years of data */

int main(void)
{
    /* initializing rainfall data for 2000 - 2004 */
    const float rain[YEARS][MONTHS] =                                             
    {
        {
   4.3,4.3,4.3,3.0,2.0,1.2,0.2,0.2,0.4,2.4,3.5,6.6},
        {
   8.5,8.2,1.2,1.6,2.4,0.0,5.2,0.9,0.3,0.9,1.4,7.3},
        {
   9.1,8.5,6.7,4.3,2.1,0.8,0.2,0.2,1.1,2.3,6.1,8.4},
        {
   7.2,9.9,8.4,3.3,1.2,0.8,0.4,0.0,0.6,1.7,4.3,6.2},
        {
   7.6,5.6,3.8,2.8,3.8,0.2,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.3,2.6,5.2},
    };
    int year, month;
    float subtot, total;

    printf(" YEAR       RAINFALL (inches)\n");
    for(year = 0, total = 0; year < YEARS; year++) {
        /* for each year, sum rainfall for each month */
        for(month = 0, subtot = 0; month < MONTHS; month++)
            subtot += *(*(rain+year) + month);      /* use pointer */
        printf("%5d %15.1f\n", 2000 + year, subtot);
        total += subtot;        /* total for all years */
    }

    printf("\nThe yearly average is %.1f inches.\n\n", total/YEARS);
    printf("MONTHLY AVERAGES:\n\n");
    printf(" Jan  Feb  Mar  Apr  May  Jun  Jul  Aug  Sep  Oct  ");
    printf("Nov  Dec\n");

    for(month = 0; month < MONTHS; month++) {
        /* for each month, sum rainfall over years */
        for(year = 0, subtot = 0; year < YEARS; year++)
            subtot += *(*(rain+year) + month);      /* use pointer */
        printf("%4.1f ", subtot/YEARS);
    }
    printf("\n");

    return 0;
}

---

2．编写一个程序，初始化一个 double 数组，然后把数组内容复制到另外两个数组(3 个数组都需要在主程序中声明)。制作第一份拷贝的函数使用数组符号。制作第二份拷贝的函数使用指针符号，并使用指针的增量操作。把目标数组名和要复制的元素数目做为参数传递给函数。也就是说，如果给定了下列声明，函数调用应该如下面所示：

  double source [5]={1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5};

  double targetl[5];

  double target2 [5];

  copy_arr (source, target1, 5);

  copy_ptr (source, target1,5);

#include<stdio.h>

void copy_arr(double [],double [], int );
void copy_ptr(double *,double *, int );

int main(void)
{
    double source[] = {
   1.1,2.2,3.3,4.4,5.5};
    double target1[5];
    double target2[5];

    printf("source\t\ttarget1\n");
    copy_arr(source, target1, 5);
    printf("\n");
    printf("source\t\ttarget2\n");
    copy_ptr(source, target2, 5);

    return 0;
}

/* use array notaion  */
void copy_arr(double a[], double b[], int n)
{
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        b[i] = a[i];
        printf("%.1lf\t\t%.1lf\n",a[i], b[i]);
    }

}

/* use pointer notaion and pointer incrementing */
void copy_ptr(double * p1, double * p2, int n)
{
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        * (p2 + i) = *(p1 + i);
        printf("%.1lf\t\t%.1lf\n", *(p1 + i), *(p2 + i));
    }
}

---

3．编写一个函数，返回一个 int 数组中存储的最大数值，并在一个简单的程序中测试这个函数。