QT编程 从新开始（一）

布局

**1、**Qt提供了QHBoxLayout类、QVBoxLayout 类及QGridLayout类等的基本布局管理，分别是水平排列布局、垂直排列布局和网格排列布局。它们之间的继承关系如图所示。

**2、**布局中常用的方法有addWidget( ) 和addLayout( )

**(1)、**addWidget( ) 方法用于向布局中加入需要布局的控件，addWidget( ) 的函数原型如下：

void addWidget( ) 
{
	QWidget *widget,              //需要插入的控件对象
	int  fromRow,                 //插入的行
	int fromCloumn,               //插入的列
	int rowSpan,                  //表示占用的行数
	int columnSpan,               //表示占用的列数
	Qt::Alignment  alignment=0;   //描述各个控件的对齐方式
}

(2)、addLayout( ) 方法用于向布局中加入需要布局的控件，addLayout( ) 的函数原型如下：

void addLayout( )
{
	QLayout  *layout,               //描述需要插入的子布局对象
	int  row,                       //插入的起始行
	int  column,                    //插入的起始列
	int  rowSpan,                   //表示占用的行数
	int  columnSpan,                //表示占用的列数
	Qt::Alignment  alignment=0      //指定对齐方式
}

3、布局示例
（1）、QHBoxLayout类

1. 代码示例

     QWidget *window = new QWidget;
     QPushButton *button1 = new QPushButton("One");
     QPushButton *button2 = new QPushButton("Two");
     QPushButton *button3 = new QPushButton("Three");
     QPushButton *button4 = new QPushButton("Four");
     QPushButton *button5 = new QPushButton("Five");
     
     QHBoxLayout *layout = new QHBoxLayout;
     layout->addWidget(button1);
     layout->addWidget(button2);
     layout->addWidget(button3);
     layout->addWidget(button4);
     layout->addWidget(button5);
     
     window->setLayout(layout);
     window->show();
   

2. 布局显示
   

（2）、QVBoxLayout 类

1. 代码示例

   QWidget *window = new QWidget;
     QPushButton *button1 = new QPushButton("One");
     QPushButton *button2 = new QPushButton("Two");
     QPushButton *button3 = new QPushButton("Three");
     QPushButton *button4 = new QPushButton("Four");
     QPushButton *button5 = new QPushButton("Five");
     
     QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout;
     layout->addWidget(button1);
     layout->addWidget(button2);
     layout->addWidget(button3);
     layout->addWidget(button4);
     layout->addWidget(button5);
     
     window->setLayout(layout);
     window->show();
   

   2. 布局显示
      

（3）、QGridLayout类

1. 代码示例

      button_0 = new QPushButton("0");   
      button_1 = new QPushButton("1");   
      button_2 = new QPushButton("2");
      button_3 = new QPushButton("3");   
      button_4 = new QPushButton("4"); 
      button_5 = new QPushButton("5");
      button_6 = new QPushButton("6");
      button_7 = new QPushButton("7"); 
      button_8 = new QPushButton("8");  
      button_9 = new QPushButton("9");   
      button_ce = new QPushButton("CE");  
      addButton = new QPushButton("+");   
      subButton = new QPushButton("-");   
      mulButton = new QPushButton("*"); 
      divButton = new QPushButton("/"); 
      button_result = new QPushButton("=");   
            
        QGridLayout * layout = new QGridLayout;  
        layout->addWidget(data,1,1,1,4,Qt::Alignment());  
        layout->addWidget(button_1,2,1,Qt::Alignment());  
        layout->addWidget(button_2,2,2,Qt::Alignment());  
        layout->addWidget(button_3,2,3,Qt::Alignment()); 
        layout->addWidget(addButton ,2,4,Qt::Alignment()); 
        layout->addWidget(button_4,3,1,Qt::Alignment());  
        layout->addWidget(button_5,3,2,Qt::Alignment());  
        layout->addWidget(button_6,3,3,Qt::Alignment());  
        layout->addWidget(subButton ,3,4,Qt::Alignment()); 
        layout->addWidget(button_7,4,1,Qt::Alignment()); 
        layout->addWidget(button_8,4,2,Qt::Alignment()); 
        layout->addWidget(button_9,4,3,Qt::Alignment()); 
        layout->addWidget(mulButton,4,4,Qt::Alignment()); 
        layout->addWidget(button_ce,5,1,Qt::Alignment());  
        layout->addWidget(button_0,5,2,Qt::Alignment());  
        layout->addWidget(button_result,5,3,Qt::Alignment()); 
        layout->addWidget(divButton ,5,4,Qt::Alignment());  
        layout->setMargin(12);
   

2. 布局显示