automake学习摘要（1）标准target （2）标准目录变量

一、Standard Makefile Targets
So far we have come across four ways to run make in the GNU Build System: make, make check, make install, and make installcheck. The words check, install, and installcheck, passed as arguments to make, are called targets. make is a shorthand for make all, all being the default target in the GNU Build System.

Here is a list of the most useful targets that the GNU Coding Standards specify.

make all
Build programs, libraries, documentation, etc. (same as make).

make install
Install what needs to be installed, copying the files from the package’s tree to system-wide directories.

make install-strip
Same as make install, then strip debugging symbols. Some users like to trade space for useful bug reports…

make uninstall
The opposite of make install: erase the installed files. (This needs to be run from the same build tree that was installed.)

make clean
Erase from the build tree the files built by make all.

make distclean
Additionally erase anything ./configure created.

make check
Run the test suite, if any.

make installcheck
Check the installed programs or libraries, if supported.

make dist
Recreate package-version.tar.gz from all the source files.

二、 Standard Directory Variables
The GNU Coding Standards also specify a hierarchy of variables to denote installation directories. Some of these are:

Directory variable Default value
prefix /usr/local
exec_prefix ${prefix}
bindir ${exec_prefix}/bin
libdir ${exec_prefix}/lib
…
includedir ${prefix}/include
datarootdir ${prefix}/share
datadir ${datarootdir}
mandir ${datarootdir}/man
infodir ${datarootdir}/info
docdir $datarootdir/doc/${PACKAGE}