ALSA驱动架构

记录看alsa源码的过程

1.alsa驱动的设备文件

在/dev/snd下可以看到当前系统中声卡的设备文件，全是字符设备。

controlC0：声卡0的控制接口

pcmC0D0c：声卡0的PCM录音接口

pcmC0D0p：声卡0的PCM播放接口

C0D0代表的是声卡0中的设备0，pcmC0D0c最后一个c代表capture，pcmC0D0p最后一个p代表playback。

2.注册alsa字符设备

sound/core/sound.c

static int __init alsa_sound_init(void)
{
	snd_major = major;
	snd_ecards_limit = cards_limit;
	if (register_chrdev(major, "alsa", &snd_fops)) {
		pr_err("ALSA core: unable to register native major device number %d\n", major);
		return -EIO;
	}
	if (snd_info_init() < 0) {
		unregister_chrdev(major, "alsa");
		return -ENOMEM;
	}
#ifndef MODULE
	pr_info("Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.\n");
#endif
	return 0;
}

在/proc/devices下会出现alsa设备的主设备号“116 alsa”

3.注册声卡设备的控制接口

sound/core/control.c

int snd_ctl_create(struct snd_card *card)
{
	static struct snd_device_ops ops = {
		.dev_free = snd_ctl_dev_free,
		.dev_register =	snd_ctl_dev_register,
		.dev_disconnect = snd_ctl_dev_disconnect,
	};
	int err;

	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
		return -ENXIO;
	if (snd_BUG_ON(card->number < 0 || card->number >= SNDRV_CARDS))
		return -ENXIO;

	snd_device_initialize(&card->ctl_dev, card);
	dev_set_name(&card->ctl_dev, "controlC%d", card->number);

	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CONTROL, card, &ops);
	if (err < 0)
		put_device(&card->ctl_dev);
	return err;
}

4.注册声卡的数据接口

sound/core/pcm.c