MFC截获消息并处理

如果想对键盘上的按键做一些特殊的处理，首先要截获键盘消息，并对指定的按键做用户要求的处理，改变系统默认的处理流程。以前总以为OnChar消息函数(WM_CHAR消息)就可以完成想要的功能，其实不是这样的，WM_CHAR对应的只是字符(ASCII码0-127)而已，不是所有的按键，因此只有按键所对应的ASCII码在0-127之间才触发WM_CHAR,并进入OnChar消息响应函数。ASCII码(虚拟键)与键盘按键的对应关系有键盘驱动程序来实现。

找到该消息的详细定义如下：

WM_CHAR           0x0102   按下某键，当TranslateMessage()转发WM_KEYDOWN后发送本消息

WM_DEADCHAR 0x0103   释放某键，当TranslateMessage()转发WM_KEYUP后发送本消息

        PreTranslateMessage是消息在送给TranslateMessage函数之前被调用的，因此在这里截获消息，并做特殊处理最合适了，重载CWnd：：PreTranslaterMessage(),请注意，并不是所有的消息都能在此次截获！只有穿过消息队列的消息才受PreTranslateMessage()影响，采用SendMessage()或其他类似的方式向窗口直接发送的而不经过消息队列的消息根本不会理睬PreTranslateMessage()的存在。是否调用TranslateMessage()和DispatchMessage()是由一个名称为PreTranslateMessage()函数的返回值决定的，如果该函数返回TRUE，则不会把该消息分发给窗口函数处理。

       示例：

BOOL CTest_on_CharDlg::PreTranslateMessage(MSG* pMsg) 
{
 // TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base class
 //判断是否为键盘消息
 if (WM_KEYFIRST <= pMsg->message && pMsg->message <= WM_KEYLAST)
 {
  //判断是否按下键盘Enter键
  if(pMsg->message == WM_KEYDOWN)
  {
   
   if(pMsg->wParam == VK_UP )
   {
        
    if(GetFocus()->GetDlgCtrlID() == GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->GetDlgCtrlID())
    {
     TRACE("on char up response\n");
     m_iEdit1++;
     UpdateData(FALSE);
    }
   }
   if(pMsg->wParam==VK_DOWN)
   {
        if(GetFocus()->GetDlgCtrlID() == GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->GetDlgCtrlID())
    {
     TRACE("on char down response\n");

     m_iEdit1 --;
     UpdateData(FALSE);
    }

    
   }
  }
 }
 return CDialog::PreTranslateMessage(pMsg);
}

     附送：虚拟键码表

#define VK_LBUTTON 0x01
#define VK_RBUTTON 0x02
#define VK_CANCEL 0x03
#define VK_MBUTTON 0x04

#if(_WIN32_WINNT >= 0x0500)
#define VK_XBUTTON1 0x05 
#define VK_XBUTTON2 0x06 
#endif

#define VK_BACK 0x08
#define VK_TAB 0x09

#define VK_CLEAR 0x0C
#define VK_RETURN 0x0D

#define VK_SHIFT 0x10
#define VK_CONTROL 0x11
#define VK_MENU 0x12
#define VK_PAUSE 0x13
#define VK_CAPITAL 0x14

#define VK_KANA 0x15
#define VK_HANGEUL 0x15 
#define VK_HANGUL 0x15
#define VK_JUNJA 0x17
#define VK_FINAL 0x18
#define VK_HANJA 0x19
#define VK_KANJI 0x19

#define VK_ESCAPE 0x1B

#define VK_CONVERT 0x1C
#define VK_NONCONVERT 0x1D
#define VK_ACCEPT 0x1E
#define VK_MODECHANGE 0x1F

#define VK_SPACE 0x20
#define VK_PRIOR 0x21
#define VK_NEXT 0x22
#define VK_END 0x23
#define VK_HOME 0x24
#define VK_LEFT 0x25
#define VK_UP 0x26
#define VK_RIGHT 0x27
#define VK_DOWN 0x28
#define VK_SELECT 0x29
#define VK_PRINT 0x2A
#define VK_EXECUTE 0x2B
#define VK_SNAPSHOT 0x2C
#define VK_INSERT 0x2D
#define VK_DELETE 0x2E
#define VK_HELP 0x2F

#define VK_LWIN 0x5B
#define VK_RWIN 0x5C
#define VK_APPS 0x5D

#define VK_SLEEP 0x5F

#define VK_NUMPAD0 0x60
#define VK_NUMPAD1 0x61
#define VK_NUMPAD2 0x62
#define VK_NUMPAD3 0x63
#define VK_NUMPAD4 0x64
#define VK_NUMPAD5 0x65
#define VK_NUMPAD6 0x66
#define VK_NUMPAD7 0x67
#define VK_NUMPAD8 0x68
#define VK_NUMPAD9 0x69
#define VK_MULTIPLY 0x6A
#define VK_ADD 0x6B
#define VK_SEPARATOR 0x6C
#define VK_SUBTRACT 0x6D
#define VK_DECIMAL 0x6E
#define VK_DIVIDE 0x6F
#define VK_F1 0x70
#define VK_F2 0x71
#define VK_F3 0x72
#define VK_F4 0x73
#define VK_F5 0x74
#define VK_F6 0x75
#define VK_F7 0x76
#define VK_F8 0x77
#define VK_F9 0x78
#define VK_F10 0x79
#define VK_F11 0x7A
#define VK_F12 0x7B
#define VK_F13 0x7C
#define VK_F14 0x7D
#define VK_F15 0x7E
#define VK_F16 0x7F
#define VK_F17 0x80
#define VK_F18 0x81
#define VK_F19 0x82
#define VK_F20 0x83
#define VK_F21 0x84
#define VK_F22 0x85
#define VK_F23 0x86
#define VK_F24 0x87

#define VK_NUMLOCK 0x90
#define VK_SCROLL 0x91

#define VK_OEM_NEC_EQUAL 0x92 // '=' key on numpad

#define VK_OEM_FJ_JISHO 0x92 // 'Dictionary' key
#define VK_OEM_FJ_MASSHOU 0x93 // 'Unregister word' key
#define VK_OEM_FJ_TOUROKU 0x94 // 'Register word' key
#define VK_OEM_FJ_LOYA 0x95 // 'Left OYAYUBI' key
#define VK_OEM_FJ_ROYA 0x96 // 'Right OYAYUBI' key

#define VK_LSHIFT 0xA0
#define VK_RSHIFT 0xA1
#define VK_LCONTROL 0xA2
#define VK_RCONTROL 0xA3
#define VK_LMENU 0xA4
#define VK_RMENU 0xA5

#if(_WIN32_WINNT >= 0x0500)
#define VK_BROWSER_BACK 0xA6
#define VK_BROWSER_FORWARD 0xA7
#define VK_BROWSER_REFRESH 0xA8
#define VK_BROWSER_STOP 0xA9
#define VK_BROWSER_SEARCH 0xAA
#define VK_BROWSER_FAVORITES 0xAB
#define VK_BROWSER_HOME 0xAC

#define VK_VOLUME_MUTE 0xAD
#define VK_VOLUME_DOWN 0xAE
#define VK_VOLUME_UP 0xAF
#define VK_MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK 0xB0
#define VK_MEDIA_PREV_TRACK 0xB1
#define VK_MEDIA_STOP 0xB2
#define VK_MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE 0xB3
#define VK_LAUNCH_MAIL 0xB4
#define VK_LAUNCH_MEDIA_SELECT 0xB5
#define VK_LAUNCH_APP1 0xB6
#define VK_LAUNCH_APP2 0xB7

#endif

#define VK_OEM_1 0xBA // ';:' for US
#define VK_OEM_PLUS 0xBB // '+' any country
#define VK_OEM_COMMA 0xBC // ',' any country
#define VK_OEM_MINUS 0xBD // '-' any country
#define VK_OEM_PERIOD 0xBE // '.' any country
#define VK_OEM_2 0xBF // '/?' for US
#define VK_OEM_3 0xC0 // '`~' for US

#define VK_OEM_4 0xDB // '[{' for US
#define VK_OEM_5 0xDC // '\|' for US
#define VK_OEM_6 0xDD // ']}' for US
#define VK_OEM_7 0xDE // ''"' for US
#define VK_OEM_8 0xDF

#define VK_OEM_AX 0xE1 // 'AX' key on Japanese AX kbd
#define VK_OEM_102 0xE2 // "<>" or "\|" on RT 102-key kbd.
#define VK_ICO_HELP 0xE3 // Help key on ICO
#define VK_ICO_00 0xE4 // 00 key on ICO

#if(WINVER >= 0x0400)
#define VK_PROCESSKEY 0xE5
#endif

#define VK_ICO_CLEAR 0xE6

 

Ref：

http://hi.baidu.com/yjl721/item/06639a0ee4f1917fbfe97eb7

http://blog.csdn.net/ouweiqi/article/details/8070910

http://blog.csdn.net/xiunai78/article/details/6729963