Z型转换

题目源自leetcode

ZigZag Conversion

The string "PAYPALISHIRING" is written in a zigzag pattern on a given number of rows like this: (you may want to display this pattern in a fixed font for better legibility)

P   A   H   N
A P L S I I G
Y   I   R

And then read line by line: "PAHNAPLSIIGYIR"

Write the code that will take a string and make this conversion given a number of rows:

string convert(string s, int numRows);

Example 1:

Input: s = "PAYPALISHIRING", numRows = 3
Output: "PAHNAPLSIIGYIR"

Example 2:

Input: s = "PAYPALISHIRING", numRows = 4
Output: "PINALSIGYAHRPI"
Explanation:

P     I    N
A   L S  I G
Y A   H R
P     I

思路：用二维数组填充模拟Z型转换的过程。

要点：注意下标变化，考虑边界情况（numRows = 1)

class Solution {
public:
    char mat[1000][1000];
    
	string convert(string s, int numRows) 
    {
    	int numCols = s.size();
        if(numRows == 1) 
		{
			return s;
		}

	
		for(int i = 0; i < numRows; i ++) 
		{
			for(int j = 0; j < numCols; j ++) 
			{
				mat[i][j] = ' ';
			}
		}  
        int cols = 0, rows = 0;
        int count = 0;
        //cout<<numRows<<" "<< numCols<<endl;
        while(count < s.size()) 
        {

            // fill vertical line
			while(rows < numRows && count < s.size())
            {

                mat[rows][cols] = s[count];
                count ++;
                rows ++;
            }
            // fill non-vertical line
            rows = numRows - 2; 
            cols ++;
            while(rows >= 0 && count < s.size()) 
            {

                mat[rows][cols] = s[count];
                rows --;
				count ++;
                cols ++;
                if(count > s.size()) break;
            }

            rows = 1;
            cols --;
            //printMat(numRows, numCols);
    
        }//while
        
        string str = "";
        
		for(int i = 0; i < numRows; i++)
        {
            for(int j = 0; j < numCols; j++)
            {
                if(mat[i][j] != ' ') str += mat[i][j]; 
            }
        }
        
        return str;
    }
};