Android10 系统进程SystemServer

1、Android10 源码编译相关问题

2、Android10 系统进程Zygote启动

3、Android10 系统进程SystemServer

4、Android10 launcher启动流程

5、Android10 系统发送开机广播时机

6、Android10 AppComponentFactory源码梳理

7、Android10 InputManagerService事件输入输出

8、Android10 InputManagerService本地实现

9、Android10 SystemUI系统手势导航

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        在上一节Android10 系统进程Zygote启动中主要是说了Zygote进程启动，在其中有说到Zygote进程会创建SystemServer进程，并执行其中的main（）函数。SystemServer进程承载整个Android framework层的核心服务，这里就先来看看/frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java的main（）函数：

public static void main(String[] args) {
    new SystemServer().run();
}

创建一个SystemServer对象，并执行它的run（）方法：

private void run() {
    try {
        traceBeginAndSlog("InitBeforeStartServices");
        // Record the process start information in sys props.
        //在创建这个对象的时候会初始化如下属性，这里再把这些属性设置到系统中
        SystemProperties.set(SYSPROP_START_COUNT, String.valueOf(mStartCount));//设置开机的次数
        SystemProperties.set(SYSPROP_START_ELAPSED, String.valueOf(mRuntimeStartElapsedTime));
        SystemProperties.set(SYSPROP_START_UPTIME, String.valueOf(mRuntimeStartUptime));
        EventLog.writeEvent(EventLogTags.SYSTEM_SERVER_START,
                mStartCount, mRuntimeStartUptime, mRuntimeStartElapsedTime);
        //如果一个设备的时钟是在1970年之前(0年之前)，
        //那么很多api 都会因为处理负数而崩溃，尤其是java.io.File#setLastModified
        //我把把时间设置为1970
        if (System.currentTimeMillis() < EARLIEST_SUPPORTED_TIME) {
            Slog.w(TAG, "System clock is before 1970; setting to 1970.");
            SystemClock.setCurrentTimeMillis(EARLIEST_SUPPORTED_TIME);
        }
        //如果时区不存在，设置时区为GMT
        String timezoneProperty = SystemProperties.get("persist.sys.timezone");
        if (timezoneProperty == null || timezoneProperty.isEmpty()) {
            Slog.w(TAG, "Timezone not set; setting to GMT.");
            SystemProperties.set("persist.sys.timezone", "GMT");
        }
        //变更虚拟机的库文件，对于Android 10.0默认采用的是libart.so
        SystemProperties.set("persist.sys.dalvik.vm.lib.2", VMRuntime.getRuntime().vmLibrary());
        // Mmmmmm... more memory!
        //清除vm内存增长上限，由于启动过程需要较多的虚拟机内存空间
        VMRuntime.getRuntime().clearGrowthLimit();
    ...
        //系统服务器必须一直运行，所以它需要尽可能高效地使用内存
        //设置内存的可能有效使用率为0.8
        VMRuntime.getRuntime().setTargetHeapUtilization(0.8f);
        //一些设备依赖于运行时指纹生成，所以在进一步启动之前，请确保我们已经定义了它。
        Build.ensureFingerprintProperty();
        //访问环境变量前，需要明确地指定用户
        //在system_server中，任何传入的包都应该被解除，以避免抛出BadParcelableException。
        BaseBundle.setShouldDefuse(true);
        //在system_server中，当打包异常时，信息需要包含堆栈跟踪
        Parcel.setStackTraceParceling(true);
        //确保当前系统进程的binder调用，总是运行在前台优先级(foreground priority)
        BinderInternal.disableBackgroundScheduling(true);
        //设置system_server中binder线程的最大数量,最大值为31
        BinderInternal.setMaxThreads(sMaxBinderThreads);
        //准备主线程lopper，即在当前线程运行
        android.os.Process.setThreadPriority(
                android.os.Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_FOREGROUND);
        android.os.Process.setCanSelfBackground(false);
        Looper.prepareMainLooper();
        Looper.getMainLooper().setSlowLogThresholdMs(
                SLOW_DISPATCH_THRESHOLD_MS, SLOW_DELIVERY_THRESHOLD_MS);
        //加载android_servers.so库，初始化native service
        System.loadLibrary("android_servers");
        // Debug builds - allow heap profiling.
        //如果是Debug版本，允许堆内存分析
        if (Build.IS_DEBUGGABLE) {
            initZygoteChildHeapProfiling();
        }
        //检测上次关机过程是否失败，这个调用可能不会返回
        performPendingShutdown();
        //初始化系统上下文
        createSystemContext();
        //创建系统服务管理--SystemServiceManager
        mSystemServiceManager = new SystemServiceManager(mSystemContext);
        mSystemServiceManager.setStartInfo(mRuntimeRestart,
                mRuntimeStartElapsedTime, mRuntimeStartUptime);
        //将mSystemServiceManager添加到本地服务的成员sLocalServiceObjects
        LocalServices.addService(SystemServiceManager.class, mSystemServiceManager);
        // Prepare the thread pool for init tasks that can be parallelized
        //为可以并行化的init任务准备线程池
        SystemServerInitThreadPool.get();
    } finally {
        traceEnd();  // InitBeforeStartServices
    }
    // Start services.
    //启动服务
    try {
        traceBeginAndSlog("StartServices");
        startBootstrapServices();   // 启动引导服务
        startCoreServices();        // 启动核心服务
        startOtherServices();       // 启动其他服务
        SystemServerInitThreadPool.shutdown(); //停止线程池
    } catch (Throwable ex) {
        Slog.e("System", "******************************************");
        Slog.e("System", "************ Failure starting system services", ex);
        throw ex;
    } finally {
        traceEnd();
    }
    //为当前的虚拟机初始化VmPolicy
    StrictMode.initVmDefaults(null);
  ...
    // Loop forever.
    //死循环执行
    Looper.loop();
    throw new RuntimeException("Main thread loop unexpectedly exited");
}

这里主要是初始化一些系统变量、创建系统上下文、创建系统服务管理对象SystemServiceManager，最后才是去启动系统服务，这里启动系统服务又分为三类：引导服务、核心服务、其他服务，下面来进入里面去看看：

创建系统上下文：

private void createSystemContext() {
    //创建systemserver进程的上下文信息
    ActivityThread activityThread = ActivityThread.systemMain();
    mSystemContext = activityThread.getSystemContext();
    //设置主题
    mSystemContext.setTheme(DEFAULT_SYSTEM_THEME);
    //获取systemui上下文信息，并设置主题
    final Context systemUiContext = activityThread.getSystemUiContext();
    systemUiContext.setTheme(DEFAULT_SYSTEM_THEME);
}

 该过程会创建对象有ActivityThread，Instrumentation, ContextImpl，LoadedApk，Application，这可以有个注意的地方，创建ActivityThread是通过它的systemMain（）方法，而正常通过ActivityThread创建应用进程是通过它的main（）方法。

创建系统服务管理对象SystemServiceManager：

        SystemServiceManager这个对象主要作用是用于创建 已经管理系统服务，下面将这个类简化下：

public class SystemServiceManager {
    private static final String TAG = "SystemServiceManager";

    private final Context mContext;

    // Services that should receive lifecycle events.
    private final ArrayList<SystemService> mServices = new ArrayList<SystemService>();


    SystemServiceManager(Context context) {
        mContext = context;
    }


    /*
     * Loads and initializes a class from the given classLoader. Returns the class.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private static Class<SystemService> loadClassFromLoader(String className,
                                                            ClassLoader classLoader) {
        try {
            return (Class<SystemService>) Class.forName(className, true, classLoader);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create service " + className
                    + " from class loader " + classLoader.toString() + ": service class not "
                    + "found, usually indicates that the caller should "
                    + "have called PackageManager.hasSystemFeature() to check whether the "
                    + "feature is available on this device before trying to start the "
                    + "services that implement it. Also ensure that the correct path for the "
                    + "classloader is supplied, if applicable.", ex);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Creates and starts a system service. The class must be a subclass of
     * {@link com.android.server.SystemService}.
     *
     * @param serviceClass A Java class that implements the SystemService interface.
     * @return The service instance, never null.
     * @throws RuntimeException if the service fails to start.
     */
    public <T extends SystemService> T startService(Class<T> serviceClass) {
        try {
            final String name = serviceClass.getName();
            Slog.i(TAG, "Starting " + name);
            Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER, "StartService " + name);

            // Create the service.
            if (!SystemService.class.isAssignableFrom(serviceClass)) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create " + name
                        + ": service must extend " + SystemService.class.getName());
            }
            final T service;
            try {
                Constructor<T> constructor = serviceClass.getConstructor(Context.class);
                service = constructor.newInstance(mContext);
            } catch (InstantiationException ex) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create service " + name
                        + ": service could not be instantiated", ex);
            } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create service " + name
                        + ": service must have a public constructor with a Context argument", ex);
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create service " + name
                        + ": service must have a public constructor with a Context argument", ex);
            } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create service " + name
                        + ": service constructor threw an exception", ex);
            }

            startService(service);
            return service;
        } finally {
            Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);
        }
    }

    public void startService(@NonNull final SystemService service) {
        // Register it.
        mServices.add(service);
        // Start it.
        long time = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
        try {
            service.onStart();
        } catch (RuntimeException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to start service " + service.getClass().getName()
                    + ": onStart threw an exception", ex);
        }
        warnIfTooLong(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - time, service, "onStart");
    }

}

这个对象里面有一个mServices集合，这个集合主要保存的就是系统服务，可以看到，所有的系统服务都需要继承com.android.server.SystemService，并且通过反射的方式去实例化系统服务对象，最后会调用系统服务的onStart（）方法，关于实例化的系统服务对象，可以通过过滤SystemServiceManager来查看打印的系统服务日志。

启动系统服务：

        启动系统服务会分为三类，主要是通过三个方法来依次启动：

startBootstrapServices();   // 启动引导服务
startCoreServices();        // 启动核心服务
startOtherServices();       // 启动其他服务

这里主要是来看下startBootStrapServices（），其他的两个实现方法差不多：

 private void startBootstrapServices() {
        traceBeginAndSlog("StartWatchdog");
        //启动watchdog
        //尽早启动watchdog，如果在早起启动时发生死锁，我们可以让system_server崩溃，从而进行详细分析
        final Watchdog watchdog = Watchdog.getInstance();
        watchdog.start();
        traceEnd();
    ...

        //阻塞等待installd完成启动，以便有机会创建具有适当权限的关键目录，如/data/user。
        //我们需要在初始化其他服务之前完成此任务。
        traceBeginAndSlog("StartInstaller");
        Installer installer = mSystemServiceManager.startService(Installer.class);
        traceEnd();
    ...
        //启动服务ActivityManagerService,并为其设置mSystemServiceManager和installer
        traceBeginAndSlog("StartActivityManager");
        ActivityTaskManagerService atm = mSystemServiceManager.startService(
                ActivityTaskManagerService.Lifecycle.class).getService();
        mActivityManagerService = ActivityManagerService.Lifecycle.startService(
                mSystemServiceManager, atm);
        mActivityManagerService.setSystemServiceManager(mSystemServiceManager);
        mActivityManagerService.setInstaller(installer);
        mWindowManagerGlobalLock = atm.getGlobalLock();
        traceEnd();
        //启动服务PowerManagerService
        //Power manager需要尽早启动，因为其他服务需要它。
        //本机守护进程可能正在监视它的注册，
        //因此它必须准备好立即处理传入的绑定器调用(包括能够验证这些调用的权限)。
        traceBeginAndSlog("StartPowerManager");
        mPowerManagerService = mSystemServiceManager.startService(PowerManagerService.class);
        traceEnd();
    ...
        //初始化power management
        traceBeginAndSlog("InitPowerManagement");
        mActivityManagerService.initPowerManagement();
        traceEnd();
        //启动recovery system，以防需要重新启动
        traceBeginAndSlog("StartRecoverySystemService");
        mSystemServiceManager.startService(RecoverySystemService.class);
        traceEnd();
    ...
        //启动服务LightsService
        //管理led和显示背光，所以我们需要它来打开显示
        traceBeginAndSlog("StartLightsService");
        mSystemServiceManager.startService(LightsService.class);
        traceEnd();
    ...
        //启动服务DisplayManagerService
        //显示管理器需要在包管理器之前提供显示指标
        traceBeginAndSlog("StartDisplayManager");
        mDisplayManagerService = mSystemServiceManager.startService(DisplayManagerService.class);
        traceEnd();
        //在初始化package manager之前，需要默认的显示.
        traceBeginAndSlog("WaitForDisplay");
        mSystemServiceManager.startBootPhase(SystemService.PHASE_WAIT_FOR_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
        traceEnd();
        //当设备正在加密时，仅运行核心
        String cryptState = VoldProperties.decrypt().orElse("");
        if (ENCRYPTING_STATE.equals(cryptState)) {
            Slog.w(TAG, "Detected encryption in progress - only parsing core apps");
            mOnlyCore = true;
        } else if (ENCRYPTED_STATE.equals(cryptState)) {
            Slog.w(TAG, "Device encrypted - only parsing core apps");
            mOnlyCore = true;
        }
    ...
        //启动服务PackageManagerService
        traceBeginAndSlog("StartPackageManagerService");
        try {
            Watchdog.getInstance().pauseWatchingCurrentThread("packagemanagermain");
            mPackageManagerService = PackageManagerService.main(mSystemContext, installer,
                    mFactoryTestMode != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_OFF, mOnlyCore);
        } finally {
            Watchdog.getInstance().resumeWatchingCurrentThread("packagemanagermain");
        }
    ...
        //启动服务UserManagerService，新建目录/data/user/
        traceBeginAndSlog("StartUserManagerService");
        mSystemServiceManager.startService(UserManagerService.LifeCycle.class);
        traceEnd();
        // Set up the Application instance for the system process and get started.
        //为系统进程设置应用程序实例并开始。
        //设置AMS
        traceBeginAndSlog("SetSystemProcess");
        mActivityManagerService.setSystemProcess();
        traceEnd();
        //使用一个ActivityManager实例完成watchdog设置并监听重启，
    //只有在ActivityManagerService作为一个系统进程正确启动后才能这样做
        traceBeginAndSlog("InitWatchdog");
        watchdog.init(mSystemContext, mActivityManagerService);
        traceEnd();
         //传感器服务需要访问包管理器服务、app ops服务和权限服务，
        //因此我们在它们之后启动它。
        //在单独的线程中启动传感器服务。在使用它之前应该检查完成情况。
        mSensorServiceStart = SystemServerInitThreadPool.get().submit(() -> {
            TimingsTraceLog traceLog = new TimingsTraceLog(
                    SYSTEM_SERVER_TIMING_ASYNC_TAG, Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);
            traceLog.traceBegin(START_SENSOR_SERVICE);
            startSensorService(); //启动传感器服务
            traceLog.traceEnd();
        }, START_SENSOR_SERVICE);
    }

从这里可以看出，服务的创建基本都是通过SystemServiceManager的startService（）进行创建的，PackageManagerService例外，它是直接调用它的main（）方法。关于具体服务的创建，后面讲具体服务的时候说了。