一步一步教你使用idea+maven+spring4搭建ssm框架

1、在mysql中添加数据库，建立t_users表并添加测试数据。如下图：
      

2、打开idea，建立maven项目如下图：
      

3、输入GroupId和ArtifactId，如下图：

    

4、点击Finish结束项目的创建

5、编写pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.keji</groupId>
    <artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <junit.version>4.10</junit.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- 添加Spring依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.58</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
        <!-- log start -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log end -->
        <!--spring单元测试依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mysql驱动包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.29</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- javaee-api包 注意和项目使用的JDK版本对应 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
            <version>6.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
            <version>6.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

6、创建项目结构，完整的项目结构如下图：

java下面为项目的包和类，每个包的含义如下：

mapper：保存mapper接口、entity保存实体类、service保存业务层的接口和实现类、controller保存控制器类。

resource保存项目的资源，具体如下：

application.xml为spring的配置文件、jdbc.properties保存访问jdbc的属性信息、log4j.properties保存日志属性信息、mybatis-config.xml保存mybatis的配置信息、spring-mvc.xml保存springmvc的基本配置

webapp为项目的根目录，相当于myEclipse当中的WebRoot目录

7、在entity下编写实体类，如下：

package com.keji.entity;

/**
 * @author 123
 * @create 2019/9/2
 */
public class User {
    private int userId;
    private String userName;
    private String userPassword;
    private String userEmail;

    public User() {
    }

    public int getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(int userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getUserPassword() {
        return userPassword;
    }

    public void setUserPassword(String userPassword) {
        this.userPassword = userPassword;
    }

    public String getUserEmail() {
        return userEmail;
    }

    public void setUserEmail(String userEmail) {
        this.userEmail = userEmail;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "userId=" + userId +
                ", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
                ", userPassword='" + userPassword + '\'' +
                ", userEmail='" + userEmail + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

8、在mapper包下编写UserMapper接口，代码如下：

package com.keji.mapper;

import com.keji.entity.User;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 123
 * @create 2019/9/2
 */
public interface UserMapper {
    List<User> getUsers();
}

9、编写UserService接口，代码如下：

package com.keji.service;

import com.keji.entity.User;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 123
 * @create 2019/9/2
 */
public interface UserService {
    List<User> getUsers();
}

10、编写UserServiceImpl类，代码如下：

package com.keji.service.impl;

import com.keji.entity.User;
import com.keji.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.keji.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 123
 * @create 2019/9/2
 */

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowired
    UserMapper userMapper;

    public List<User> getUsers() {
        return userMapper.getUsers();
    }
}

11、编写IndexController类，代码如下：

package com.keji.controller;

import com.keji.entity.User;
import com.keji.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 123
 * @create 2019/9/2
 */
@Controller
public class IndexController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/users")
    public String users(Model model) {
        List<User> users = userService.getUsers();
        model.addAttribute("users",users);
        return "userList";
    }
}

12、在resources的mapper目录下创建UserMapper.xml文件，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.keji.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="getUsers" resultType="User">
        select USER_ID as userId,USER_NAME as userName,
        USER_PASSWORD as userPassword,USER_EMAIL as userEmail from t_user
    </select>
</mapper>

13、创建jdbc.properties

jdbc_driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc_url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm
jdbc_username=root
jdbc_password=root

14、创建log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,Console,Stdout

#Console
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n

log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=INFO
log4j.logger.org.apache=INFO
log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG 

log4j.appender.Stdout = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender  
log4j.appender.Stdout.File = E://logs/log.log  
log4j.appender.Stdout.Append = true  
log4j.appender.Stdout.Threshold = DEBUG   
log4j.appender.Stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout  
log4j.appender.Stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ]  %m%n  

15、创建mybatis-config.xml，由于主要的配置信息放在了application.xml当中，因此这个文件内容不多

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.keji.entity"/>
    </typeAliases>
</configuration>

16、编写application.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!-- 引入jdbc配置文件 -->
    <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="locations">
            <list>
                <value>classpath:*.properties</value>
                <!--要是有多个配置文件，只需在这里继续添加即可 -->
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>



    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource"
          class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <!-- 使用properties来配置 -->
        <property name="driverClassName">
            <value>${jdbc_driverClassName}</value>
        </property>
        <property name="url">
            <value>${jdbc_url}</value>
        </property>
        <property name="username">
            <value>${jdbc_username}</value>
        </property>
        <property name="password">
            <value>${jdbc_password}</value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 自动扫描了所有的XxxxMapper.xml对应的mapper接口文件，这样就不用一个一个手动配置Mpper的映射了，只要Mapper接口类和Mapper映射文件对应起来就可以了。 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage"
                  value="com.keji.mapper" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置Mybatis的文件 ，mapperLocations配置**Mapper.xml文件位置，configLocation配置mybatis-config文件位置-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:com/keji/mapper/**/*.xml"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" />
        <!-- <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.tiantian.ckeditor.model"
            /> -->
    </bean>
    <!-- 自动扫描注解的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.keji" />

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />
            <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!-- 定义切面 -->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="serviceMethod"
            expression="execution(* com.keji.service..*.*(..))" />
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceMethod" />
    </aop:config>
</beans>

17、编写spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描controller（controller层注入） -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.keji.controller"/>
    <mvc:resources location="/statics/" mapping="/statics/**"></mvc:resources>
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                    <list>
                        <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
            </bean>
            <bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                    <list>
                        <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
                        <value>application/json</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
                <property name="features">
                    <list>
                        <!--   Date的日期转换器 -->
                        <value>WriteDateUseDateFormat</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>
    <!-- 对模型视图添加前后缀 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp"/>

    <!-- 配置interceptors -->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/sys/**"/>
            <bean class="com.keji.web.SysInterceptor"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>


    <!-- 配置MultipartResolver，用于上传文件，使用spring的CommonsMultipartResolver -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="5000000"/>
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

上面的配置文件当中还使用了拦截器，因此需要在项目当中创建一个拦截器类：

package com.keji.web;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class SysInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    /**
     * 在访问目标方法之前的前置处理
     * @param httpServletRequest
     * @param httpServletResponse
     * @param o
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception {
        //return false表示拦截，return true表示放行
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 访问目标方法之后，渲染视图之前的处理
     * @param httpServletRequest
     * @param httpServletResponse
     * @param o
     * @param modelAndView
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

    }

    /**
     * 访问目标方法之后并且已经渲染视图之后的后置处理
     * @param httpServletRequest
     * @param httpServletResponse
     * @param o
     * @param e
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {

    }
}

18、编写web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    <!-- 起始欢迎界面 -->
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <!-- 读取spring配置文件 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:application.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <!-- 设计路径变量值 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
        <param-value>springmvc.root</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <!-- Spring字符集过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- 日志记录 -->
    <context-param>
        <!-- 日志配置文件路径 -->
        <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <context-param>
        <!-- 日志页面的刷新间隔 -->
        <param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
        <param-value>6000</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- springMVC核心配置 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--spingMVC的配置路径  -->
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <!-- 拦截设置 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <!-- 错误跳转页面 -->
    <error-page>
        <!-- 路径不正确 -->
        <error-code>404</error-code>
        <location>/WEB-INF/errorpage/404.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
        <!-- 没有访问权限，访问被禁止 -->
        <error-code>405</error-code>
        <location>/WEB-INF/errorpage/405.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
        <!-- 内部错误 -->
        <error-code>500</error-code>
        <location>/WEB-INF/errorpage/500.jsp</location>
    </error-page>
</web-app>

20、在webapp目录下创建index.jsp文件

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: 123
  Date: 2019/9/2
  Time: 14:38
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
hello this is ssm project.
<a href="users">userList</a>
</body>
</html>

21、在WEB-INF/wiew下创建userList.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: 123
  Date: 2019/9/2
  Time: 14:48
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<c:forEach items="${users}" var="user">
    <tr>
        <td>${user.userId}</td>
        <td>${user.userName}</td>
        <td>${user.userPassword}</td>
        <td>${user.userEmail}</td>
    </tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>

至此，ssm项目搭建完成，不过要想运行还需要再idea当中进行一些设置：

1）点击File→Project Structure出现如下图的界面：

2）点击旁边的+号选择web，如下图：

选择module为ssm后点击ok

3）点击ok后右侧需要选择项目的web.xml文件的位置和项目的根目录的位置，如下图：

4）同样的道理还需要选择web项目的根目录的位置，我们的项目根目录的位置是webapp目录，如下图：

5）最后需要对tomcat进行设置，如下图：

最后启动项目进行测试，点击运行按钮，如下图：

这是首页的效果，点击超链接可以看到用户列表，如下图：

至此，使用idea+maven搭建ssm框架完成。