Given a list of airline tickets represented by pairs of departure and arrival airports [from, to]
, reconstruct the itinerary in order. All of the tickets belong to a man who departs from JFK
. Thus, the itinerary must begin with JFK
.
Note:
- If there are multiple valid itineraries, you should return the itinerary that has the smallest lexical order when read as a single string. For example, the itinerary
["JFK", "LGA"]
has a smaller lexical order than["JFK", "LGB"]
. - All airports are represented by three capital letters (IATA code).
- You may assume all tickets form at least one valid itinerary.
Example 1:
Input:
[["MUC", "LHR"], ["JFK", "MUC"], ["SFO", "SJC"], ["LHR", "SFO"]]
Output:["JFK", "MUC", "LHR", "SFO", "SJC"]
Example 2:
Input:
[["JFK","SFO"],["JFK","ATL"],["SFO","ATL"],["ATL","JFK"],["ATL","SFO"]]
Output:["JFK","ATL","JFK","SFO","ATL","SFO"]
Explanation: Another possible reconstruction is["JFK","SFO","ATL","JFK","ATL","SFO"]
. But it is larger in lexical order.
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这题的特殊之处在于,深度优先遍历,参考下图,优先深下去,然后字典序优先的靠前。可以从先序的角度去思考,先序到KUL卡住了,看看另外一棵子树是不是能遍历完,这就是后序的思路了。
从discussion学的别人代码:
class Solution:
def findItineraryNoneRecursive(self, tickets):
d = {}
tickets.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
for ticket in tickets:
fro, to = ticket[0], ticket[1]
if (fro not in d):
d[fro] = [to]
elif (fro in d):
d[fro].append(to)
revert,sta = [],["JFK"]
while (sta):
while(sta[-1] in d and d[sta[-1]]):
top = d[sta[-1]].pop()
sta.append(top)
revert.append(sta.pop())
return revert[::-1]
def findItinerary(self, tickets):
d = {}
tickets.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
for ticket in tickets:
fro, to = ticket[0], ticket[1]
if (fro not in d):
d[fro] = [to]
elif (fro in d):
d[fro].append(to)
revert,sta = [],["JFK"]
self.dfs("JFK", d, revert)
return revert[::-1]
def dfs(self, cur, d, revert):
while (cur in d and d[cur]):
self.dfs(d[cur].pop(), d, revert)
revert.append(cur)
s = Solution()
print(s.findItinerary([["JFK","KUL"],["JFK","NRT"],["NRT","JFK"]])) #['JFK', 'NRT', 'JFK', 'KUL']
#print(s.findItinerary([["JFK","KUL"],["JFK","NRT"],["KUL","JFK"]])) #['JFK', 'KUL', 'JFK', 'NRT']
#print(s.findItinerary([["JFK","KUL"],["JFK","NRT"],["KUL","JFK"],["NRT","JFK"]])) #['JFK', 'KUL', 'JFK', 'NRT', 'JFK']
后序遍历的思路,这道题学到了一种新玩法post3:
from itertools import permutations
# Definition for a binary tree node.
class TreeNode:
def __init__(self, x):
self.val = x
self.left = None
self.right = None
class Solution:
def p1(self, root):
if (root == None):
return
print(root.val)
self.p1(root.left)
self.p1(root.right)
def p2(self, root):
stack = []
while (root != None or stack):
while (root != None):
print(root.val)
stack.append(root)
root = root.left
if (stack):
root = stack.pop()
root = None if root == None else root.right
def i1(self, root):
if (root == None):
return
self.i1(root.left)
print(root.val)
self.i1(root.right)
def i2(self, root):
stack = []
while (root != None or stack):
while (root != None):
stack.append({'node': root, 'tag': 'l'})
root = root.left
if (stack):
cur = stack.pop()
if (cur["tag"] == 'l'):
print(cur["node"].val)
if (cur["node"].right != None):
stack.append({'node': cur["node"].right, 'tag': 'r'})
root = None
elif (cur["tag"] == 'r'):
root = cur["node"]
# i3 is better, inorder doesn't need extra flg in fact
def i3(self, root):
stack = []
while (root != None or stack):
while (root != None):
stack.append(root)
root = root.left
if (stack):
root = stack.pop()
print(root.val)
root = root.right if (root.right != None) else None
def post1(self, root):
if (root == None):
return
self.post1(root.left)
self.post1(root.right)
print(root.val)
def post2(self, root):
stack = []
while (root != None or stack):
while (root != None):
stack.append({'node': root, 'tag': 'l'})
root = root.left
if (stack):
cur = stack.pop()
if (cur["tag"] == 'l'):
stack.append({'node': cur["node"], 'tag': 'r'})
root = None if cur["node"].right == None else cur["node"].right
elif (cur["tag"] == 'r'):
print(cur["node"].val)
root = None
def get_not_visited_child(self, parent, visited):
if (parent.left and parent.left not in visited):
return parent.left
if (parent.right and parent.right not in visited):
return parent.right
return None
#新玩法
def post3(self,root):
sta = [root]
visited = {root}
revert = []
while (sta):
next = self.get_not_visited_child(sta[-1], visited)
while (next):
sta.append(next)
visited.add(next)
next = self.get_not_visited_child(sta[-1], visited)
if (sta):
revert.append(sta.pop().val)
return revert
n1 = TreeNode(1)
n2 = TreeNode(2)
n3 = TreeNode(3)
n4 = TreeNode(4)
n5 = TreeNode(5)
n6 = TreeNode(6)
n7 = TreeNode(7)
n1.left = n2
n1.right = n3
n2.left = n4
n2.right = n5
n3.left = n6
n3.right = n7
s = Solution()
s.post2(n1)
print(s.post3(n1))
更多可以参考https://blog.csdn.net/taoqick/article/details/82495508