php traits机制及使用demo

自 PHP 5.4.0 起，PHP 实现了一种代码复用的方法，称为 trait。

Trait 是为类似 PHP 的单继承语言而准备的一种代码复用机制。Trait 为了减少单继承语言的限制，使开发人员能够自由地在不同层次结构内独立的类中复用 method。Trait 和 Class 组合的语义定义了一种减少复杂性的方式，避免传统多继承和 Mixin 类相关典型问题。

Trait 和 Class 相似，但仅仅旨在用细粒度和一致的方式来组合功能。 无法通过 trait 自身来实例化。它为传统继承增加了水平特性的组合；也就是说，应用的几个 Class 之间不需要继承。

 

优先级

从基类继承的成员会被 trait 插入的成员所覆盖。优先顺序是来自当前类的成员覆盖了 trait 的方法，而 trait 则覆盖了被继承的方法。

Example #2 优先顺序示例

从基类继承的成员被插入的 SayWorld Trait 中的 MyHelloWorld 方法所覆盖。其行为 MyHelloWorld 类中定义的方法一致。优先顺序是当前类中的方法会覆盖 trait 方法，而 trait 方法又覆盖了基类中的方法。

<?php
class Base {
    public function sayHello() {
        echo 'Hello ';
    }
}

trait SayWorld {
    public function sayHello() {
        parent::sayHello();
        echo 'World!';
    }
}

class MyHelloWorld extends Base {
    use SayWorld;
}

$o = new MyHelloWorld();
$o->sayHello();
?>

官方文档的官话，我也不懂

看了一个人写的框架之后才明白了使用的方式。

比如对一个模型(这里可以直接对应表)的curd方法，其实都是可以复用的代码。那么就可以对其进行一个封装。

<?php

namespace app\admin\library\traits;

trait Backend
{

    /**
     * 查看
     */
    public function index()
    {
        //设置过滤方法
        $this->request->filter(['strip_tags']);
        if ($this->request->isAjax()) {
            //如果发送的来源是Selectpage，则转发到Selectpage
            if ($this->request->request('keyField')) {
                return $this->selectpage();
            }
            list($where, $sort, $order, $offset, $limit) = $this->buildparams();
            $total = $this->model
                ->where($where)
                ->order($sort, $order)
                ->count();

            $list = $this->model
                ->where($where)
                ->order($sort, $order)
                ->limit($offset, $limit)
                ->select();

            $list = collection($list)->toArray();
            $result = array("total" => $total, "rows" => $list);

            return json($result);
        }
        return $this->view->fetch();
    }

    /**
     * 回收站
     */
    public function recyclebin()
    {
        //设置过滤方法
        $this->request->filter(['strip_tags']);
        if ($this->request->isAjax()) {
            list($where, $sort, $order, $offset, $limit) = $this->buildparams();
            $total = $this->model
                ->onlyTrashed()
                ->where($where)
                ->order($sort, $order)
                ->count();

            $list = $this->model
                ->onlyTrashed()
                ->where($where)
                ->order($sort, $order)
                ->limit($offset, $limit)
                ->select();

            $result = array("total" => $total, "rows" => $list);

            return json($result);
        }
        return $this->view->fetch();
    }

    /**
     * 添加
     */
    public function add()
    {
        if ($this->request->isPost()) {
            $params = $this->request->post("row/a");
            if ($params) {
                if ($this->dataLimit && $this->dataLimitFieldAutoFill) {
                    $params[$this->dataLimitField] = $this->auth->id;
                }
                try {
                    //是否采用模型验证
                    if ($this->modelValidate) {
                        $name = str_replace("\\model\\", "\\validate\\", get_class($this->model));
                        $validate = is_bool($this->modelValidate) ? ($this->modelSceneValidate ? $name . '.add' : $name) : $this->modelValidate;
                        $this->model->validate($validate);
                    }
                    $result = $this->model->allowField(true)->save($params);
                    if ($result !== false) {
                        $this->success();
                    } else {
                        $this->error($this->model->getError());
                    }
                } catch (\think\exception\PDOException $e) {
                    $this->error($e->getMessage());
                } catch (\think\Exception $e) {
                    $this->error($e->getMessage());
                }
            }
            $this->error(__('Parameter %s can not be empty', ''));
        }
        return $this->view->fetch();
    }

    /**
     * 编辑
     */
    public function edit($ids = NULL)
    {
        $row = $this->model->get($ids);
        if (!$row)
            $this->error(__('No Results were found'));
        $adminIds = $this->getDataLimitAdminIds();
        if (is_array($adminIds)) {
            if (!in_array($row[$this->dataLimitField], $adminIds)) {
                $this->error(__('You have no permission'));
            }
        }
        if ($this->request->isPost()) {
            $params = $this->request->post("row/a");
            if ($params) {
                try {
                    //是否采用模型验证
                    if ($this->modelValidate) {
                        $name = str_replace("\\model\\", "\\validate\\", get_class($this->model));
                        $validate = is_bool($this->modelValidate) ? ($this->modelSceneValidate ? $name . '.edit' : $name) : $this->modelValidate;
                        $row->validate($validate);
                    }
                    $result = $row->allowField(true)->save($params);
                    if ($result !== false) {
                        $this->success();
                    } else {
                        $this->error($row->getError());
                    }
                } catch (\think\exception\PDOException $e) {
                    $this->error($e->getMessage());
                } catch (\think\Exception $e) {
                    $this->error($e->getMessage());
                }
            }
            $this->error(__('Parameter %s can not be empty', ''));
        }
        $this->view->assign("row", $row);
        return $this->view->fetch();
    }

    /**
     * 删除
     */
    public function del($ids = "")
    {
        if ($ids) {
            $pk = $this->model->getPk();
            $adminIds = $this->getDataLimitAdminIds();
            if (is_array($adminIds)) {
                $count = $this->model->where($this->dataLimitField, 'in', $adminIds);
            }
            $list = $this->model->where($pk, 'in', $ids)->select();
            $count = 0;
            foreach ($list as $k => $v) {
                $count += $v->delete();
            }
            if ($count) {
                $this->success();
            } else {
                $this->error(__('No rows were deleted'));
            }
        }
        $this->error(__('Parameter %s can not be empty', 'ids'));
    }

    /**
     * 真实删除
     */
    public function destroy($ids = "")
    {
        $pk = $this->model->getPk();
        $adminIds = $this->getDataLimitAdminIds();
        if (is_array($adminIds)) {
            $count = $this->model->where($this->dataLimitField, 'in', $adminIds);
        }
        if ($ids) {
            $this->model->where($pk, 'in', $ids);
        }
        $count = 0;
        $list = $this->model->onlyTrashed()->select();
        foreach ($list as $k => $v) {
            $count += $v->delete(true);
        }
        if ($count) {
            $this->success();
        } else {
            $this->error(__('No rows were deleted'));
        }
        $this->error(__('Parameter %s can not be empty', 'ids'));
    }

    /**
     * 还原
     */
    public function restore($ids = "")
    {
        $pk = $this->model->getPk();
        $adminIds = $this->getDataLimitAdminIds();
        if (is_array($adminIds)) {
            $this->model->where($this->dataLimitField, 'in', $adminIds);
        }
        if ($ids) {
            $this->model->where($pk, 'in', $ids);
        }
        $count = 0;
        $list = $this->model->onlyTrashed()->select();
        foreach ($list as $index => $item) {
            $count += $item->restore();
        }
        if ($count) {
            $this->success();
        }
        $this->error(__('No rows were updated'));
    }

    /**
     * 批量更新
     */
    public function multi($ids = "")
    {
        $ids = $ids ? $ids : $this->request->param("ids");
        if ($ids) {
            if ($this->request->has('params')) {
                parse_str($this->request->post("params"), $values);
                if (!$this->auth->isSuperAdmin()) {
                    $values = array_intersect_key($values, array_flip(is_array($this->multiFields) ? $this->multiFields : explode(',', $this->multiFields)));
                }
                if ($values) {
                    $adminIds = $this->getDataLimitAdminIds();
                    if (is_array($adminIds)) {
                        $this->model->where($this->dataLimitField, 'in', $adminIds);
                    }
                    $count = 0;
                    $list = $this->model->where($this->model->getPk(), 'in', $ids)->select();
                    foreach ($list as $index => $item) {
                        $count += $item->allowField(true)->isUpdate(true)->save($values);
                    }
                    if ($count) {
                        $this->success();
                    } else {
                        $this->error(__('No rows were updated'));
                    }
                } else {
                    $this->error(__('You have no permission'));
                }
            }
        }
        $this->error(__('Parameter %s can not be empty', 'ids'));
    }

    /**
     * 导入
     */
    protected function import()
    {
        $file = $this->request->request('file');
        if (!$file) {
            $this->error(__('Parameter %s can not be empty', 'file'));
        }
        $filePath = ROOT_PATH . DS . 'public' . DS . $file;
        if (!is_file($filePath)) {
            $this->error(__('No results were found'));
        }
        $PHPReader = new \PHPExcel_Reader_Excel2007();
        if (!$PHPReader->canRead($filePath)) {
            $PHPReader = new \PHPExcel_Reader_Excel5();
            if (!$PHPReader->canRead($filePath)) {
                $PHPReader = new \PHPExcel_Reader_CSV();
                if (!$PHPReader->canRead($filePath)) {
                    $this->error(__('Unknown data format'));
                }
            }
        }

        //导入文件首行类型,默认是注释,如果需要使用字段名称请使用name
        $importHeadType = isset($this->importHeadType) ? $this->importHeadType : 'comment';

        $table = $this->model->getQuery()->getTable();
        $database = \think\Config::get('database.database');
        $fieldArr = [];
        $list = db()->query("SELECT COLUMN_NAME,COLUMN_COMMENT FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME = ? AND TABLE_SCHEMA = ?", [$table, $database]);
        foreach ($list as $k => $v) {
            if ($importHeadType == 'comment') {
                $fieldArr[$v['COLUMN_COMMENT']] = $v['COLUMN_NAME'];
            } else {
                $fieldArr[$v['COLUMN_NAME']] = $v['COLUMN_NAME'];
            }
        }

        $PHPExcel = $PHPReader->load($filePath); //加载文件
        $currentSheet = $PHPExcel->getSheet(0);  //读取文件中的第一个工作表
        $allColumn = $currentSheet->getHighestDataColumn(); //取得最大的列号
        $allRow = $currentSheet->getHighestRow(); //取得一共有多少行
        $maxColumnNumber = \PHPExcel_Cell::columnIndexFromString($allColumn);
        for ($currentRow = 1; $currentRow <= 1; $currentRow++) {
            for ($currentColumn = 0; $currentColumn < $maxColumnNumber; $currentColumn++) {
                $val = $currentSheet->getCellByColumnAndRow($currentColumn, $currentRow)->getValue();
                $fields[] = $val;
            }
        }
        $insert = [];
        for ($currentRow = 2; $currentRow <= $allRow; $currentRow++) {
            $values = [];
            for ($currentColumn = 0; $currentColumn < $maxColumnNumber; $currentColumn++) {
                $val = $currentSheet->getCellByColumnAndRow($currentColumn, $currentRow)->getValue();
                $values[] = is_null($val) ? '' : $val;
            }
            $row = [];
            $temp = array_combine($fields, $values);
            foreach ($temp as $k => $v) {
                if (isset($fieldArr[$k]) && $k !== '') {
                    $row[$fieldArr[$k]] = $v;
                }
            }
            if ($row) {
                $insert[] = $row;
            }
        }
        if (!$insert) {
            $this->error(__('No rows were updated'));
        }
        try {
            $this->model->saveAll($insert);
        } catch (\think\exception\PDOException $exception) {
            $this->error($exception->getMessage());
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            $this->error($e->getMessage());
        }

        $this->success();
    }

}

 使用方法：

/**
 * 引入后台控制器的traits
 */
use \app\admin\library\traits\Backend;