原题:
Let us define a regular brackets sequence in the following way:
1… Empty sequence is a regular sequence.
2 …If S is a regular sequence, then (S) and [S] are both regular sequences.
3…If A and B are regular sequences, then AB is a regular sequence.
For example, all of the following sequences of characters are regular brackets sequences:
(), [], (()), ([]), ()[], ()[()]
And all of the following character sequences are not:
(, [, ), )(, ([)], ([]
Some sequence of characters ‘(’, ‘)’, ‘[’, and ‘]’ is given. You are to find the shortest possible
regular brackets sequence, that contains the given character sequence as a subsequence. Here, a string
a 1 a 2 …a n is called a subsequence of the string b 1 b 2 …b m , if there exist such indices 1 ≤ i 1 < i 2 <
… < i n ≤ m, that a j = b i j for all 1 ≤ j ≤ n.
Input
The input begins with a single positive integer on a line by itself indicating the number of the cases
following, each of them as described below. This line is followed by a blank line, and there is also a
blank line between two consecutive inputs.
The input file contains at most 100 brackets (characters ‘(’, ‘)’, ‘[’ and ‘]’) that are situated on a
single line without any other characters among them.
Output
For each test case, the output must follow the description below. The outputs of two consecutive cases
will be separated by a blank line.
Write to the output file a single line that contains some regular brackets sequence that has the
minimal possible length and contains the given sequence as a subsequence.
Sample Input
1
([(]
Sample Output
()[()]
中文:
给你一堆()[]组成的括号序列,现在让你找出最少插入多少个括号可以将这些括号序列变为合法,并把合法序列输出。
代码:
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<queue>
#include<map>
#include<utility>
#include <iomanip>
#include<climits>
#include<string>
#include<memory>
#include<functional>
#include<stack>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int maxn = 105;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
typedef pair<int,char> pic;
char s[maxn];
int n,dp[maxn][maxn];
bool match(char a,char b)
{
if(a=='('&&b==')'||a=='['&&b==']')
return true;
return false;
}
void print(int i,int j)
{
if(i > j)
return ;
if(i == j)
{
if(s[i]=='('||s[i]==')')
cout<<"()";
else
cout<<"[]";
}
int ans = dp[i][j];
if(match(s[i],s[j])&&ans == dp[i+1][j-1])
{
cout<<s[i];
print(i+1,j-1);
cout<<s[j];
return;
}
for(int k=i;k<j;k++)
{
if(ans == dp[i][k]+dp[k+1][j])
{
print(i,k);
print(k+1,j);
return;
}
}
}
void readline(char* S)
{
fgets(S, maxn, stdin);
}
int main()
{
//ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
int t;
readline(s);
sscanf(s, "%d", &t);
readline(s);
while(t--)
{
readline(s);
memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp));
int n = strlen(s)-1;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
dp[i][i]=1;
for(int i=n-2;i>=0;i--)
{
for(int j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
dp[i][j]=INT_MAX;
if(match(s[i],s[j]))
dp[i][j]=min(dp[i][j],dp[i+1][j-1]);
for(int k=i;k<j;k++)
dp[i][j]=min(dp[i][k]+dp[k+1][j],dp[i][j]);
}
}
print(0,n-1);
cout<<endl;
if(t)
cout<<endl;
readline(s);
}
//system("pause");
return 0;
}
思路:
lrj紫书的例题
此题的数据输入和输出格式很让人头疼,格式错了只会提供wa不会出现pe
以书上代码作为参考
思路较为简单,典型的区间dp
设 d p [ i ] [ j ] dp[i][j] dp[i][j]表示区间最少插入多少个括号可以使得合法。
状态转移方程为
当
s
[
i
]
!
=
s
[
j
]
s[i]!=s[j]
s[i]!=s[j]时
d
p
[
i
]
[
j
]
=
m
a
x
(
d
p
[
i
]
[
k
]
+
d
p
[
k
+
1
]
[
j
]
,
d
p
[
i
]
[
j
]
)
dp[i][j]=max(dp[i][k]+dp[k+1][j],dp[i][j])
dp[i][j]=max(dp[i][k]+dp[k+1][j],dp[i][j])
否则
d
p
[
i
]
[
j
]
=
m
a
x
(
d
p
[
i
+
1
]
[
j
−
1
]
,
d
p
[
i
]
[
j
]
)
dp[i][j]=max(dp[i+1][j-1],dp[i][j])
dp[i][j]=max(dp[i+1][j−1],dp[i][j])