硬件配置:PowerEdge 2900 塔式服务器, 2 个4 核Intel Xeon 5310 CPU,2007 年配置的,1G 内存。
系统环境:CentOS_5.4 操作系统,系统运行通过Xmanager 远程控制。
一、OS 安装
设置IP 及root 用户密码,选择安装X-Window 相关组件和gcc 开发工具,配置时选择关闭firewall、selinux。
1、调整显示器分辨率
如遇显示器分辨率不对,则登陆后:
[root@numerca ~]# vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Screen0"
Device "Videocard0"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Depth 24
Modes "1024x768"
EndSubSection
EndSection
修改完成后保存退出,然后运行gdm-restart 重启显示界面即可。
2、防火墙设置几种方法
(1) root 用户下,终端输入setup,进入图形界面。可进行X 配置、时区配置、系统服务、网络配置、键盘配置、防火墙配置、验证配置。
[root@numerca ~]#setup
(2) root 用户下,
[root@numerca ~]#service iptables start/restart/stop/status
(3) root 用户下,
[root@numerca ~]#/etc/init.d/ iptables start/restart/stop/status
(4) root 用户下,
[root@numerca ~]# iptables –F 关闭防火墙
3、配置Xmanager 远程桌面
[root@numerca ~]# vi /usr/share/gdm/defaults.conf
(1)打开 /etc/inittab 文件,将 runlevel 变为5, 即id:5:initdefault: 如果原来就是5,则不用修改。
(注:5 为图形界面,3 为文本界面,即命令行方式)
(2)修改 /etc/gdm/custom.conf,将 [xdmcp] 部分的 Enable 设置为 1,即:
[xdmcp]
Enable=true
Port=177 (注:打开177 端口)
[security]
DisallowTCP=false (注:允许TCP)
AllowRemoteRoot=true (注:允许远程以根用户登陆)
[root@numerca ~]# service iptables status
Firewall is stopped.
[root@numerca ~]# gdm-restart (注:重启图形显示界面,回到登陆界面)
二、相关软件安装
1、准备工作
1)通过rpm -qa |grep * 或locate 来检查某软件或库是否安装,需要检查的有samba,gcc,hdf.h,Xlib.h,Intrinsic.h,后3 个用于安装ncarg。
首先,查看samba 是否安装:
[root@numerca ~]# rpm -qa |grep samba
samba-common-3.0.33-3.14.el5
samba-client-3.0.33-3.14.el5
若缺文件,则从安装光盘中安装。
[root@numerca ~]# cd /media/CentOS_5.4_Final/CentOS/
[root@numerca CentOS]# ls * |grep samba
samba-3.0.33-3.14.el5.i386.rpm
system-config-samba-1.2.41-5.el5.noarch.rpm
[root@numerca CentOS]# rpm -ivh samba-3.0.33-3.14.el5.i386.rpm warning: samba-
3.0.33-3.14.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897
error: Failed dependencies:
perl(Convert::ASN1) is needed by samba-3.0.33-3.14.el5.i386
[root@numerca CentOS]# ls * |grep perl
perl-Convert-ASN1-0.20-1.1.noarch.rpm
[root@numerca CentOS]# rpm -ivh perl-Convert-ASN1-0.20-1.1.noarch.rpm
[root@numerca CentOS]# rpm -ivh samba-3.0.33-3.14.el5.i386.rpm
[root@numerca CentOS]# rpm -ivh system-config-samba-1.2.41-5.el5.noarch.rpm
[root@numerca CentOS]# cd
[root@numerca ~]# ntsysv
选中smb
[root@numerca ~]# cd /media/CentOS_5.4_Final/CentOS/
然后,查看gcc 是否安装:
[root@numerca CentOS]# rpm -qa |grep gcc
libgcc-4.1.2-46.el5
gcc-c++-4.1.2-46.el5
gcc-4.1.2-46.el5
compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-4
gcc-gfortran-4.1.2-46.el5
compat-libgcc-296-2.96-138
compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4
compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4
gcc-java-4.1.2-46.el5
最后,查看Xlib.h,Intrinsic.h 是否安装
[root@numerca CentOS]# cd /usr/include/X11
[root@numerca X11]# ls
Xlib.h,Intrinsic.h 存在则不需安装
2)设置共享用户public (方便window 和linux 系统间复制文件)
[root@numerca ~]# useradd public
[root@numerca ~]# chmod 777 /home/public
[root@numerca ~]# smbpasswd -a public
修改/etc/samba/smb.conf
[root@numerca ~]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
# 2 lines following modified by cxc 30th,Oct,2010.
security = share
; security = user
# following modified by cxc 30th,Oct,2010.
[public]
comment = Public directory
path = /home/public
browseable = yes
guest ok = yes
writable = yes
[root@numerca ~]# service smb restart
Shutting down SMB services: [FAILED]
Shutting down NMB services: [FAILED]
Starting SMB services: [ OK ]
Starting NMB services: [ OK ]
即可在windows 中进入public
地址栏输入
//192.168.1.2/public
假定下列所有安装源文件全部位于/home/public 下
2、安装grads
准备好grads-2.0.a8-bin-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.gz、lib.tar、data.tar.Z 三个文件
[root@numerca X11]# cd /home/public
[root@numerca public]# tar -zvxf grads-2.0.a8-bin-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.gz
[root@numerca public]# mv grads-2.0.a8 /usr/local/
[root@numerca public]# mv lib.tar data.tar.Z /usr/local/grads-2.0.a8
[root@numerca public]# mv /usr/local/grads-2.0.a8 /usr/local/grads(更名)
[root@numerca public]# cd /usr/local/grads
[root@numerca grads]# mkdir dat
[root@numerca grads]# gunzip data.tar.Z
[root@numerca grads]# tar -vxf data.tar -C ./dat
[root@numerca grads]# tar -vxf lib.tar
[root@numerca grads]# cd
[root@numerca ~]# vi .bashrc
GRADS=/usr/local/grads;export GRADS
export PATH=$GRADS/bin:$PATH
export GADDIR=$GRADS/dat
export GASCRP=$GRADS/lib
[root@numerca ~]# source .bashrc
3、安装PGI
准备好pgilinux-901[1].tar.gz、pgi_9.0-1_linux32.tar.bz2 以及license.dat
[root@numerca ~]# cd /home/public
[root@numerca public]# tar -zvxf pgilinux-901[1].tar.gz
[root@numerca public]# tar -vxf pgi_9.0-1_linux32.tar.bz2
[root@numerca public]# ./install
Do you accept these terms? [accept,decline]
accept
1. Single system install
2. Network install
Please choose install option(1-2):
1
Install the ACML? [y/n]
n
Installation directory? [/opt/pgi]
/usr/local/pgi
Do you wish to install MPICH1?(y/n)
y
Remote execution method? [rsh,ssh]
ssh
[root@numerca public]# cp pgi_9.0-1_linux32_patcher /usr/local/pgi/
[root@numerca public]# cd /usr/local/pgi/
[root@numerca pgi]# ./pgi_9.0-1_linux32_patcher
[root@numerca pgi]# cp /home/public/license.dat .
[root@numerca pgi]# cd
[root@numerca ~]# vi .bashrc
PGI=/usr/local/pgi;export PGI
export PATH=$PGI/linux86/9.0-1/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGI/linux86/9.0-1/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LM_LICENSE_FILE=$PGI/license.dat
export MANPATH=$PGI/linux86/9.0-1/man:$MANPATH
MPICH=/usr/local/pgi/linux86/9.0/mpi/mpich;export MPICH
export PATH=$MPICH/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$MPICH/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export MANPATH=$MPICH/man:$MANPATH
[root@numerca ~]# source .bashrc
然后配置ssh(配置完成后在并行运算时不用输入密码):
[root@numerca ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
[root@numerca ~]# cd .ssh
[root@numerca .ssh]# cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys
[root@numerca .ssh]# ssh 192.168.1.2 (注:本机IP 地址)
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? Yes
4、安装szip
准备好szip-2.1.tar.gz
[root@numerca ~]# cd /home/public
[root@numerca public]# tar -zvxf szip-2.1.tar.gz
[root@numerca public]# cd szip-2.1
[root@numerca szip-2.1]# configure --prefix=/usr/local/szip
[root@numerca szip-2.1]# make >make.log &
[root@numerca szip-2.1]# make check >check.log &
[root@numerca szip-2.1]# make install >install.log &
5、安装zlip
准备好zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
[root@numerca szip-2.1]# cd /home/public
[root@numerca public]# tar -zvxf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
[root@numerca public]# cd zlib-1.2.3
[root@numerca zlib-1.2.3]# configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib
[root@numerca zlib-1.2.3]# make >make.log &
[root@numerca zlib-1.2.3]# make check >check.log &
[root@numerca zlib-1.2.3]# make install >install.log &
6、安装hdf5
准备好hdf5-1.8.4-patch1.tar.gz
[root@numerca zlib-1.2.3]# cd /home/public
[root@numerca public]# tar -zvxf hdf5-1.8.4-patch1.tar.gz
[root@numerca public]# cd hdf5-1.8.4-patch1
[root@numerca hdf5-1.8.4-patch1]# configure --prefix=/usr/local/hdf5 --withszlib=/
usr/local/szip
[root@numerca hdf5-1.8.4-patch1]# make >make.log &
[root@numerca hdf5-1.8.4-patch1]# make check >check.log &(20 分钟)
[root@numerca hdf5-1.8.4-patch1]# make install >install.log &
7、安装netcdf
准备好netcdf-4.0.1.tar.gz
[root@numerca hdf5-1.8.4-patch1]# cd /home/public
[root@numerca public]# tar -zvxf netcdf-4.0.1.tar.gz
[root@numerca public]# cd netcdf-4.0.1
[root@numerca netcdf-4.0.1]# configure --prefix=/usr/local/netcdf --withzlib=/
usr/local/zlib --with-hdf5=/usr/local/hdf5 --with-szlib=/usr/local/szip
[root@numerca netcdf-4.0.1]# make >make.log &
[root@numerca netcdf-4.0.1]# make check >check.log &
[root@numerca netcdf-4.0.1]# make install >install.log &
8、安装ncarg
准备好ncarg_src-4.4.2.tar.gz、hdf-4.2r4-5.el5.i386.rpm、hdf-devel-4.2r4-5.el5.i386.rpm
[root@numerca netcdf-4.0.1]# cd /home/public
[root@numerca public]# rpm -ivh hdf-4.2r4-5.el5.i386.rpm hdf-devel-4.2r4-5.el5.i386.rpm
[root@numerca public]# tar -zvxf ncarg_src-4.4.2.tar.gz
[root@numerca public]# cd ncarg-4.4.2
[root@numerca ncarg-4.4.2]# cd config/
[root@numerca config]# cp LINUX.32.PGI LINUX
[root@numerca config]# vi LINUX
#define ArchRecLibSearch -L/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/lib/hdf -L/usr/local/hdf5/lib -L/usr/local/szip/lib -L/usr/local/zlib/lib
#define ArchRecIncSearch -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/hdf -I/usr/include/X11
-I/usr/local/hdf5/include -I/usr/local/szip/include -I/usr/local/zlib/include
[root@numerca config]# vi Project
#define HDFlib -lmfhdf -ldf -ljpeg -lz -lsz
[root@numerca config]# cd ..
[root@numerca ncarg-4.4.2]# Configure -v
[root@numerca ncarg-4.4.2]# make Everything >& make-output &(15 分钟)
三、安装WRFV3.3
1、准备工作
检查netcdf 和java 有没有安装。
[root@numerca ~]# cd /home/public
[root@numerca public]# java --version
java version "1.4.2"
gij (GNU libgcj) version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46)
Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Java 虽然安装,但版本较低,需1.5 以上版(安装WRFDomainWizard 需要)。
下载以下文件:
java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0-0.25.b09.el5.i386
java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo-1.6.0.0-0.25.b09.el5.i386
java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel-1.6.0.0-0.25.b09.el5.i386
java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc-1.6.0.0-0.25.b09.el5.i386
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src-1.6.0.0-0.25.b09.el5.i386
安装java-1.6.0:
[root@numerca public]# rpm -ivh java*
新建账户wrf,拷入WRFV3.3.TAR.gz、WPSV3.3.TAR.gz、WRFDAV3.3.TAR.gz、
ARWpost.tar.gz、configure_fix.tar、WRFDomainWizard.zip、geog_china.tar
2、安装WRFV3.3
[wrf@numerca ~]$ tar zvxf WRFV3.3.TAR.gz
[wrf@numerca ~]$ mv configure_fix.tar WRFV3
[wrf@numerca ~]$ cd WRFV3
[wrf@numerca WRFV3]$ tar vxf configure_fix.tar
[wrf@numerca WRFV3]$ chmod +x configure
[wrf@numerca WRFV3]$ configure
Enter selection [1-16] :9 (注:根据硬件和软件配置选择)
Compile for nesting? (1=basic, 2=preset moves, 3=vortex following) [default
1]:1 (注:根据研究需要选择)
[wrf@numerca WRFV3]$ compile
[wrf@numerca WRFV3]$ compile em_real (注:根据研究需要选择)
[wrf@numerca WRFV3]$ ls main/*.exe
ndown.exe、real.exe、wrf.exe (注:若有这三个文件生成表明安装成功)
若没有这三个文件,查看安装错误,发现若是未找到mpif.h,则进行下列修改:
[wrf@numerca WRFV3]$ vi configure.wrf
INCLUDE_MODULES = $(MODULE_SRCH_FLAG) \
$(ESMF_MOD_INC) $(ESMF_LIB_FLAGS) \
-I$(WRF_SRC_ROOT_DIR)/main \
-I$(WRF_SRC_ROOT_DIR)/external/io_netcdf \
-I$(WRF_SRC_ROOT_DIR)/external/io_int \
-I$(WRF_SRC_ROOT_DIR)/frame \
-I$(WRF_SRC_ROOT_DIR)/share \
-I$(WRF_SRC_ROOT_DIR)/phys \
-I$(WRF_SRC_ROOT_DIR)/chem -I$(WRF_SRC_ROOT_DIR)/inc \
-I$(NETCDFPATH)/include \
-I/usr/local/mpich/include \
修改完成后保存重新compile。
3、安装WPSV3.3
[wrf@numerca WRFV3]$ cd ..
[wrf@numerca ~]$ tar zvxf WPSV3.3.TAR.gz
[wrf@numerca WPS]$ configure
Enter selection [1-16] :3 (注:根据硬件和软件配置选择)
[wrf@numerca WPS]$ vi configure.wps
注意以下几处修改:
NCARG_LIBS = -L$(NCARG_ROOT)/lib -lncarg -lncarg_gks -lncarg_c \
-L/usr/lib -lX11 -lpng
NCARG_LIBS2 = -L${PGI}/linux86/9.0-1/lib -lpgftnrtl -lpgc \
[wrf@numerca WPS]$ compile
[wrf@numerca WPS]$ ls *.exe
geogrid.exe、ungrib.exe、 metgrid.exe
[wrf@numerca WPS]$ ls util/*.exe
avg_tsfc.exe、calc_ecmwf.exe、g1print.exe、 g2print.exe、 heights_ukmo.exe、
mod_levs.exe、 plotfmt.exe、plotgrids.exe、 rd_intermediate.exe
(注:若有这9+3=12 个文件生成表明安装成功,缺plotfmt.exe、plotgrids.exe 表明ncarg 安装有问题)
4、安装WRFDAV3.3
从WRFV3.1.1 开始,一些额外需要的库文件(如lapack,blas 和NCEP BUFR)已经被打包
在WRFDAV3.3.TAR.gz 中,若仅同化LITTLE_R 格式的常规观测数据,则只需安装netCDF 即可。
若想利用PREPBUFR 格式观测数据,则还需要先定义环境变量(csh):
setenv BUFR 1
编译NCEP BUFR 库文件、产生和编译与BUFR 相关的WRFDA 代码,还需在configure/
compile 后进行。
若要同化卫星辐射数据,还需要安装NCEP BUFR 库文件以及RTM(Radiative Transfer
Model,辐射传输模式)。当前,WRFDA 采用的RTM 版本为CRTM V2.0.2 和RTTOV V10。WRFDA
既可以单独编译其中一个,也可以都进行编译。
从WRFV3.2.1 开始,CRTM V2.0.2 包括在WRFDA 打包文件中。
编译CRTM 库文件、以及产生和编译与CRTM 相关的WRFDA 代码,也需在configure/compile 后进行。
若要利用RTTOV V10 同化卫星辐射数据,在编译WRFDA 前要先下载安装RTTOV V10。并指
定lib/librttov10.1.0_*.a 等文件的环境变量。
需要注意的是,在安装这些库文件时要用和WRF 同样的编译器,否则可能出现不兼容问题。
[wrf@numerca WPS]$ cd ..
[wrf@numerca ~]$ tar zvxf WRFDAV3.3.TAR.gz
[wrf@numerca ~]$ cd WRFDA
[wrf@numerca WRFDA]$ configure wrfda
[wrf@numerca WRFDA]$ compile all_wrfvar 2>1 |tee compile.log &
[wrf@numerca WRFDA]$ ls -l var/build/*exe var/obsproc/src/obsproc.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 472467 04-26 19:35 var/build/da_advance_time.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 1254475 04-26 19:35 var/build/da_bias_airmass.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 857523 04-26 19:35 var/build/da_bias_scan.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 824341 04-26 19:35 var/build/da_bias_sele.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 1164935 04-26 19:35 var/build/da_bias_verif.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 1812098 04-26 19:35 var/build/da_rad_diags.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 676475 04-26 19:35 var/build/da_tune_obs_desroziers.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 639600 04-26 19:35 var/build/da_tune_obs_hollingsworth1.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 392357 04-26 19:35 var/build/da_tune_obs_hollingsworth2.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 1786521 04-26 19:35 var/build/da_update_bc.exe(更新底部和侧边界)
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 1847720 04-26 19:35 var/build/da_verif_grid.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 571632 04-26 19:44 var/build/da_verif_obs.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 18552633 04-26 19:52 var/build/da_wrfvar.exe(最为重要)
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2593144 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_cov2d3d_contrib.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2583963 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_cov2d.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2592028 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_cov3d2d_contrib.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2592965 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_cov3d3d_bin3d_contrib.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2593008 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_cov3d3d_contrib.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2583431 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_cov3d.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2573795 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_diags.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2593180 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_diags_read.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2579103 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_ensmean.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2613471 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_ensrf.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2631801 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_ep1.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2627113 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_ep2.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2652350 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_etkf.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2593049 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_hist.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2657570 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_stage0_gsi.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2660530 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_stage0_wrf.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2625992 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_stage1_1dvar.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2602775 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_stage1.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2600396 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_stage1_gsi.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2682362 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_stage2_1dvar.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2592847 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_stage2a.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2605788 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_stage2.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 996026 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_stage2_gsi.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2603938 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_stage3.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2579354 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_stage4_global.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2620045 04-26 19:35 var/build/gen_be_stage4_regional.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2578122 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_be_vertloc.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 2725869 04-26 19:44 var/build/gen_mbe_stage2.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 1295042 04-26 19:53 var/obsproc/src/obsproc.exe
共计42 个*.exe 可执行文件。
5、安装ARWpost
[wrf@numerca ~]$ tar zvxf ARWpost.tar.gz
[wrf@numerca ~]$ cd ARWpost/
[wrf@numerca ARWpost]$ configure
Enter selection [1-6] : 1
[wrf@numerca ARWpost]$ compile
[wrf@numerca ARWpost]$ ls *.exe
有ARWpost.exe 生成表明安装成功!
6、安装WRFDomainWizard
[wrf@numerca ARWpost]$ cd ..
[wrf@numerca ~]$ cd WRFDomainWizard
[wrf@numerca WRFDomainWizard]$ unzip WRFDomainWizard.zip
[wrf@numerca WRFDomainWizard]$ chmod +x run_DomainWizard
[wrf@numerca WRFDomainWizard]$ run_DomainWizard
显示JVM memory=393805824 并出现GUI 界面表示安装成功。
由sea121 整理于2011 年4 月,如有疑问,请发E-mail 至sea121@126.com。