python循环阶段练习题

1. （在金字塔模式中显示数字）编写一个嵌套for循环来显示下面的输出

   integer = int(input("Enter the number of lines:"))
   i = integer + 30
   for j in range(1,integer+1):
       # 输出空格
       for k in range(1,i):
           print(" ",end = "")
           k += 1
       i -= 2
       a = 1
       for x in range(1,j,1):
           print(a,end = " ")
           a *=  2
       a //= 2
       for x in range(j-2,0,-1):
           a //= 2
           print(a,end = " ")
       print()

2. （显示再2和1000之间的素数）显示在2和1000之间（包括2和1000）的素数，每行显示8个素数

   # 45
   for i in range(2,1001):
       flag = 1
       for j in range(2,i-1):
           if(i % j == 0):
               flag = 0
               break;
       if(flag):
           print(i,end = " ")

3. 根据公式计算i=10000、20000……1000000时Π的近似值

   #46
   for i in range(10000,100001,10000):
       pi = 0
       for j in range(1,i+1):
           pi += (-1 ** (i+1))/(2 * i - 1)
       print("{}的Π值为{}".format(i,4 * pi))

4. 根据公式计算i=10000、20000……1000000时e的近似值

   #47
   sum = 1
   e = 1
   item = 1
   for i in range(1,100001):
       sum *= i
       item = 1 / sum
       e += item
       if (i % 10000 == 0):
           print("{}的近似值e为:{}".format(i,e))
   

5. 求小于10000的完全数。（四个）

   #48
   for i in range(2,10000):
       sum = 1
       for j in range(2,i // 2 + 1):
           if i % j == 0:
               sum += j
       if sum == i:
           print(i,sum)

6. 石头剪刀布游戏，计算机或用户赢得游戏超过两次的一方胜利

   #49
   import random
   guess_count = 0
   computer_count =0
   a = ["scissor","rock","paper"]
   while(computer_count != 2 and guess_count != 2):
       computer = int(random.uniform(0,2))
       print(computer)
       guess = int(input("scissor (0),rock (1),paper (2):"))
       if computer == 0 and guess == 1 or computer == 1 and guess == 2 or computer == 2 and guess == 0:
           guess_count += 1
       else:
           computer_count += 1
   if(computer_count == 2):
       print("computer win")
   else:
       print("you win")

7. 输入多个数（0作为结束标志），求出最大值以及最大值出现的次数

   #50
   max = 0
   count = [0]
   i = int(input("请输入一个整数："))
   while(i != 0):
       for j in range(1,i+1):
           count.append(0)
       print(i,end = " ")
       count[i] += 1
       if(max <= i):
           max = i
       i = int(input("请输入一个整数："))
   print("最大值是{},出现次数为:{}次".format(max,count[max]))

8. 十进制转二进制

   #51
   integer = int(input("请输入一个二进制数:"))
   print(integer,"的二进制为：",end = " ")
   value = 0
   basic = 1
   while(integer):
       value = value * 10 + integer % 2
       if(integer % 2 == 0 and value == 0):
           basic *= 10
       integer //= 2
   value1 = 0
   while(value):
       value1 = value1 * 10 + value % 10
       value //= 10
   print(value1 * basic)

9. 十进制转十六进制

   # 52
   print(hex(int(input("请输入一个十进制整数:"))))

10. 蒙特卡罗模拟，编写程序：随机产生点，求出点落在奇数区域的概率

    # 53
    import random
    count=0
    times = 1000000
    for i in range(times):
      x,y=random.random(),random.random()
      if x < 0.5:
        count += 1
      if x > 0.5 and x + y < 1.5 and y > 0.5:
        count += 1
    print("投掷一百万次，落在奇数区域的概率是：{}".format(count/times))
    

11. 显示从2001年到2100年的所有闰年（每行十个）

    #54
    count = 0
    for i in range(2001,2101):
        if(i % 4 == 0 and i % 100 != 0 or i % 400 == 0):
            print(i,end = " ")
            count += 1
        if(count % 10 ==0):
            print()