Centos7 设置ssh秘钥登录

1、使用密码登录到需要使用秘钥登录的账户，然后在服务器创建秘钥

[root@ecs-326c-0001 ~]# cd .ssh/
[root@ecs-326c-0001 .ssh]# ll -a
total 8
drwx------  2 root root 4096 Jul  9 11:35 .
dr-xr-x---. 7 root root 4096 Mar 21 11:21 ..
-rw-------  1 root root    0 Jul  9 11:35 authorized_keys
[root@ecs-326c-0001 .ssh]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
b4:cf:d7:a9:91:fa:ec:c2:2e:ce:71:1e:b2:0a:c6:6f root@ecs-326c-0001
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|                 |
|                 |
|        .        |
|       . .       |
|        S        |
|   .     o   o . |
|    +   o.= + o  |
|   . oE..*o= o   |
|     .oo+o++=    |
+-----------------+

2、在服务器上安装公钥

[root@ecs-326c-0001 .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

3、为了确保连接成功，需要设置文件权限

[root@ecs-326c-0001 .ssh]# chmod 600 authorized_keys 
[root@ecs-326c-0001 .ssh]# chmod 700 ~/.ssh

4、设置ssh，打开秘钥登录功能

[root@ecs-326c-0001 .ssh]# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

去掉注释#

RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes

5、重启ssh服务

[root@ecs-326c-0001 ~]# systemctl restart sshd

6、拷贝私钥到PC端，使用软件导入秘钥，然后测试登录

7、秘钥测试登录成功之后，可以禁用使用密码登录，提高服务器的安全性

[root@ecs-326c-0001 .ssh]# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

修改为no

PasswordAuthentication no