GIT常用命令总结

GIT常用命令总结

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命令介绍

$ git --help

usage: git [--version] [--help] [-c name=value]
           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
           [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
           <command> [<args>]

The most commonly used git commands are:
常用命令：
   add        Add file contents to the index
   			  添加文件
   bisect     Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug
   branch     List, create, or delete branches
              列表，创建，或删除分支
   checkout   Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree
              检出分支或目录到工作目录
   clone      Clone a repository into a new directory
              克隆一个数据源到新的文件夹
   commit     Record changes to the repository
              提交修改到数据源
   diff       Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
   fetch      Download objects and refs from another repository
   grep       Print lines matching a pattern
   init       Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one
   log        Show commit logs
   merge      Join two or more development histories together
   mv         Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink
   pull       Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch
   push       Update remote refs along with associated objects
   rebase     Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head
   reset      Reset current HEAD to the specified state
   rm         Remove files from the working tree and from the index
   show       Show various types of objects
   status     Show the working tree status
   tag        Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG

git remote (远程管理)

git remote

$ git remote
origin

git pull (拉取代码)

git checkout master  #先选择分支master
git pull  ##更新master分支到本地

git push (推送代码)

说明

git push [--all | --mirror | --tags] [--follow-tags] [--atomic] [-n | --dry-run]
         [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
	     [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [-d | --delete] [--prune] 
	     [-v | --verbose]
	     [-u | --set-upstream] [--push-option=<string>]
	     [--[no-]signed|--signed=(true|false|if-asked)]
	     [--force-with-lease[=<refname>[:<expect>]]]
	     [--no-verify] [<repository> [<refspec>…​]]

介绍

git push 推送分支到远程服务器

git push origin test  # 将test分支推送到origin远程

git push origin --delete 删除远程分支

git push origin --delete test  # 删除远程origin上的test分支

git checkout 命令（检出）

说明

NAME
git-checkout - Switch branches or restore working tree files

SYNOPSIS
git checkout [-q] [-f] [-m] [<branch>]
git checkout [-q] [-f] [-m] --detach [<branch>]
git checkout [-q] [-f] [-m] [--detach] <commit>
git checkout [-q] [-f] [-m] [[-b|-B|--orphan] <new_branch>] [<start_point>]
git checkout [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>…​
git checkout [<tree-ish>] [--] <pathspec>…​
git checkout (-p|--patch) [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>…​]

介绍

git checkout 检出分支

git checkout test

git checkout -b 检出并创建新的分支

git checkout -b test

相当于

git branch test
git checkout test	

git branch命令（分支）

说明

git branch [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [-r | -a]
	[--list] [-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]]
	[--column[=<options>] | --no-column] [--sort=<key>]
	[(--merged | --no-merged) [<commit>]]
	[--contains [<commit]] [--no-contains [<commit>]]
	[--points-at <object>] [--format=<format>] [<pattern>…​]
git branch [--track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
git branch (--set-upstream-to=<upstream> | -u <upstream>) [<branchname>]
git branch --unset-upstream [<branchname>]
git branch (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
git branch (-c | -C) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
git branch (-d | -D) [-r] <branchname>…​
git branch --edit-description [<branchname>]

介绍

git branch test创建分支

git branch test # 创建test分支

git granch查看当前分支

$ git branch
* master  # * 代表当前所在分支
  pub  

git branch --list 查看分支列表

git branch --list //查看分支列表

$ git branch --list
  test
* master

git branch -a 查看分支详细

$ git branch -a
  master
* pub
  remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/master
  remotes/origin/fuzhou
  remotes/origin/master
  remotes/origin/pub

git checkout 切换分支

$ git checkout test
Switched to branch 'test' # 切换到分支 

git branch -d 删除分支

git branch -d test

git commit 提交

git commit 需要结合git add一起使用
git add 添加已经修改的代码，然后再用git commit 提交

git add test.html
git commit -m "修改了test.html" # 提交到本地工作目录
git push origin test           # 提交到远程服务器

git commit -m 提交代码带注释

git commit -m "测试提交"   # 提交代码， -m "" 代表的是注释 

常见问题

git创建分支出现refname ‘master‘ is ambiguous