Mathematical Morphology 数学形态学

首先是 structuring element. 

A structuring element can be simply defined as a configuration of
pixels on which an origin is defined (also called an anchor point).  

                                                ---------------opencv cookbook

定义一个structuring element. 

Mat getStructuringElement( int shape, Size ksize, Point anchor=Point(-1,-1) )

其中StructuringElement的形状

– MORPH_RECT - a rectangular structuring element               
– MORPH_ELLIPSE - an elliptic structuring element, that is, a filled ellipse inscribed
into the rectangle Rect(0, 0, esize.width, 0.esize.height)
– MORPH_CROSS - a cross-shaped structuring element
– CV_SHAPE_CUSTOM - custom structuring element (OpenCV 1.x API)

当然,  定义StructuringElement可以直接定义Mat, 但不如getStructuringElement方便

而且会造成形态学变换的不稳定， 要将Mat内的元素赋值才可以， 初始化一块Mat后不一定会是什么值

如:

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