linux 代码调试最小知识集

Step1.内存泄露侦测

打开第一个终端：（显示异常信息）

valgrind --tool=memcheck --vgdb=yes --vgdb-error=0 ./app

界面示例：

==130227== Continuing ...
==130227== Use of uninitialised value of size 8
==130227==    at 0x5971B47: PyObject_Free (in /usr/lib64/libpython3.6m.so.1.0)
==130227==    by 0x59DFA99: ??? (in /usr/lib64/libpython3.6m.so.1.0)
==130227==    by 0x5A5CDE3: PyAST_CompileObject (in /usr/lib64/libpython3.6m.so.1.0)
==130227==    by 0x5A63D17: ??? (in /usr/lib64/libpython3.6m.so.1.0)
==130227==    by 0x591080A: PyRun_FileExFlags (in /usr/lib64/libpython3.6m.so.1.0)
==130227==    by 0x40A02E: gp_py_invoke_script_with_params (gppython.c:61)
==130227==    by 0x40F900: calc_measure_of (gpcalc.c:20)
==130227==    by 0x40C845: gen_MeasureOfDataArray (mqtt_payload.c:40)
==130227==    by 0x40CDD5: gen_rawSample_payload (mqtt_payload.c:169)
==130227==    by 0x40AE5D: timer_realdata (mqtt_cmd.c:211)
==130227==    by 0x505CF5E: timer_sigev_thread (in /usr/lib64/librt-2.17.so)
==130227==    by 0x4E43EA4: start_thread (in /usr/lib64/libpthread-2.17.so)
==130227== 
==130227== (action on error) vgdb me ... 
==130227== Continuing ...
time scale =  10000.0
./py/measure.py

Step2.gdb调试

打开第二个终端：（手工gdb调试控制）

加载程序  gdb ./app
此时记得把valgrind
运行  (gdb) run param1 param2....
加断点  (gdb) break function
显示堆栈  (gdb) backtrace  可以简写做bt
暂时停止某个异常信号的捕获： (gdb) handle SIGXCPU nostop 
继续执行 (gdb) continue
单步进入 (gdb) step
单步略过 (gdb) next
退出当前函数 (gdb) finish
打印变量 (gdb) print a1
显示变量 (gdb) dispaly a1
退出(gdb) quit

示例：

(gdb) continue
Continuing.

Breakpoint 2, calc_FFT_of (src=0x311af420, FFT=0x30e6a2e0) at /home/hxjd/src/src_shake/main/common/gpcalc.c:12
12          return gp_py_invoke_script_with_params(src, FFT, pyFileFFT, pModule, pDict);
(gdb) next

Program received signal SIGTRAP, Trace/breakpoint trap.

Program received signal SIGTRAP, Trace/breakpoint trap.

Program received signal SIGTRAP, Trace/breakpoint trap.

Program received signal SIGTRAP, Trace/breakpoint trap.

Program received signal SIGTRAP, Trace/breakpoint trap.

Step3.内存实时刷新

打开第三个终端：（内存总量实时刷新）

top -p PIDofApp

示例：

top - 16:52:06 up 2 days,  3:49,  0 users,  load average: 0.28, 0.23, 0.18
Tasks:   1 total,   0 running,   1 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.1 us,  0.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.4 id,  0.1 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.2 si,  0.0 st
KiB Mem :  7990060 total,   162744 free,  6306644 used,  1520672 buff/cache
KiB Swap:  8388604 total,  8387572 free,     1032 used.  1024572 avail Mem 

   PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                                                           
130565 root      20   0  256108  52044  10152 S   0.0  0.7   0:05.85 gdb      

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