学习目标:
学习内容:
一般来说,程序中类内的私有属性只能在类内访问,不能够被类外的函数或者类访问。但是要想被类外的函数或者类来访问类内的私有属性,就要使用友元技术。友元的关键字为:friend
;
友元实现一般有三种方式:
- 全局函数做友元;
- 类做友元;
- 成员函数做友元
1. 全局函数做友元
1.1以引用传值来实现全局函数做友元
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Building
{
friend void goodGay(Building& building);
public:
Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
public:
string m_SittingRoom;
private:
string m_BedRoom;
};
//全局函数
void goodGay(Building& building)
{
cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问:" << building.m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问:" << building.m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test()
{
Building b;
goodGay(b);
}
int main()
{
test();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
1.2以指针传值来实现全局函数做友元
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Building
{
friend void goodGay(Building* building);
public:
Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
public:
string m_SittingRoom;
private:
string m_BedRoom;
};
//全局函数
void goodGay(Building* building)
{
cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test()
{
Building b;
goodGay(&b);
}
int main()
{
test();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
2. 成员函数做友元
类做友元就是一个类可以去访问另一个类的属性。
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Building;
class GoodGay
{
public:
GoodGay();
void visit(); //使visit函数可以访问Building中成员
Building* building;
};
class Building
{
//GoodGay作为friend可以访问该类的私有成员
friend void GoodGay::visit();
public:
Building();
public:
string m_SittingRoom; //客厅
private:
string m_BedRoom; //卧室
};
Building::Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
GoodGay::GoodGay()
{
//创建Building的对象,调用Building的构造函数
building = new Building;
}
void GoodGay::visit()
{
cout << "visit函数正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "visit函数正在访问(私有属性):" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test()
{
GoodGay gg;
gg.visit();
}
int main()
{
test();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
3. 类做友元
//类做友元
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Building;
class GoogGay
{
public:
GoogGay();//构造函数
void visit(); //参观函数 访问 Building中的属性
Building* building;
};
class Building
{
friend class GoogGay;
public:
Building();
public:
string m_SittingRoom; //客厅
private:
string m_BedRoom; //卧室
};
//类外写成员函数
Building::Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
GoogGay::GoogGay()
{
//创建建筑物的对象
building = new Building;
}
void GoogGay::visit()
{
cout << "好基友 正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友 正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test()
{
GoogGay gg;
gg.visit();
}
int main()
{
test();
system("pause");
return 0;
}