享元模式

享元模式：运用共享技术有效的支持大量细粒度的对象。

 

     享元模式可以避免大量非常相似类的开销。在程序设计中，有时需要生成大量细粒度的类实例来表示数据。如果能发现这些实例除了几个参数外基本都是相同的，有时就能够大幅度地减少需要需要实例化的类的数量。如果能把那些参数移到类实例的外面，在方法调用时将它们传递进来，就可以通过共享大幅度地减少单个实例的数目。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map>

using namespace std;

class Flyweight
{
public:
	virtual void Operation( int extrinsicstate ) = 0;
};

class ConcreteFlyweight : public Flyweight
{
public:
	virtual void Operation( int extrinsicstate )
	{
		cout<<"具体Flyweight: "<<extrinsicstate<<endl;
	}
};

class UnsharedConcreteFlyweight : public Flyweight
{
public:
	virtual void Operation( int extrinsicstate )
	{
		cout<<"不共享的具体Flyweight: "<<extrinsicstate<<endl;
	}
};


class FlyweightFactory
{
private:
	map<string, Flyweight*> flyweights;

public:
	FlyweightFactory()
	{
		flyweights.insert(make_pair( "X", new ConcreteFlyweight() ));
		flyweights.insert(make_pair( "Y", new ConcreteFlyweight() ));
		flyweights.insert(make_pair( "Z", new ConcreteFlyweight() ));
	}

	Flyweight* GetFlyweight( string key )
	{
		return dynamic_cast<Flyweight*>( flyweights[key] );
	}
};


int main()
{
	int extrinsicstate = 22;
	FlyweightFactory f;

	Flyweight* fx = f.GetFlyweight( "X" );
	fx->Operation( --extrinsicstate );

	Flyweight* fy = f.GetFlyweight( "Y" );
	fy->Operation( --extrinsicstate );

	Flyweight* fz = f.GetFlyweight( "Z" );
	fz->Operation( --extrinsicstate );

	UnsharedConcreteFlyweight unsharedCF;
	Flyweight* uf = &unsharedCF;
	uf->Operation( --extrinsicstate );

	return 0;
}