一、准备模型
在这里，我们利用已经训练好的Googlenet进行物体图像的识别，进入Googlenet的GitHub地址，进入models文件夹，选择Googlenet
点击Googlenet的模型下载地址下载该模型到电脑中。
模型结构
在这里，我们利用之前讲到的网络模型绘制网站画出Googlenet的结构图如下：
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在这里，pad就是给图像补零，pad:2就是补两圈零的意思；
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LRN就是局部相应归一化，利用LRN可以提高模型识别的准确率；
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Inception结构中，不同大小的卷积核意味着不同大小的感受野，最后的合并意味着不同尺度特征的融合。采用1,3,5为卷积核的大小，是因为使用步长为1，pad=0,1,2的方式采样之后得到的特征平面大小相同；
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concat层用来合并数据，在这里合并的条件是数据的后三个参数要相同，所以在前面的inception结构中，我们使用了不同的卷积核大小和pad。
准备图片
在这里，我们找几张任意图片，然后放入Googlenet的文件夹下,，作为待识别的图片。
准备synset_words.txt文件
synset_words.txt是用来将物体的类别序号进行对应的文件，在识别过程中，我们先是得到序号，然后根据这个序号找到对应的物体种类。
使用python接口调用GoogleNet实现图像识别
在这里，我们用jupyter打开Googlenet.图像识别.ipynb文件,这里部分代码如下：
import caffe
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import os
import PIL
from PIL import Image
import sys
#定义Caffe根目录
caffe_root = ‘E:/caffe-windows/’
#网络结构描述文件
deploy_file = caffe_root+‘models/bvlc_googlenet/deploy.prototxt’
#训练好的模型
model_file = caffe_root+‘models/bvlc_googlenet/bvlc_googlenet.caffemodel’
#cpu模式
caffe.set_mode_cpu()
#定义网络模型
net = caffe.Classifier(deploy_file, #调用deploy文件
model_file, #调用模型文件
mean=np.load(caffe_root +‘python/caffe/imagenet/ilsvrc_2012_mean.npy’).mean(1).mean(1), #调用均值文件
channel_swap=(2,1,0), #caffe中图片是BGR格式，而原始格式是RGB，所以要转化
raw_scale=255, #python中将图片存储为[0, 1]，而caffe中将图片存储为[0, 255]，所以需要一个转换
image_dims=(224, 224)) #输入模型的图片要是224*224的图片
#分类标签文件
imagenet_labels_filename = caffe_root +‘models/bvlc_googlenet/synset_words.txt’
#载入分类标签文件
labels = np.loadtxt(imagenet_labels_filename, str, delimiter=’\t’)
#对目标路径中的图像，遍历并分类
for root,dirs,files in os.walk(caffe_root+‘models/bvlc_googlenet/image/’):
for file in files:
#加载要分类的图片
image_file = os.path.join(root,file)
input_image = caffe.io.load_image(image_file)
<span class="token comment">#打印图片路径及名称</span>
image_path <span class="token operator">=</span> os<span class="token punctuation">.</span>path<span class="token punctuation">.</span>join<span class="token punctuation">(</span>root<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token builtin">file</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>image_path<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">#显示图片</span>
img<span class="token operator">=</span>Image<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>image_path<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
plt<span class="token punctuation">.</span>imshow<span class="token punctuation">(</span>img<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
plt<span class="token punctuation">.</span>axis<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'off'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
plt<span class="token punctuation">.</span>show<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">#预测图片类别</span>
prediction <span class="token operator">=</span> net<span class="token punctuation">.</span>predict<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>input_image<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span> <span class="token string">'predicted class:'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>prediction<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>argmax<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># 输出概率最大的前5个预测结果</span>
top_k <span class="token operator">=</span> prediction<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>argsort<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> node_id <span class="token keyword">in</span> top_k<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token comment">#获取分类名称</span>
human_string <span class="token operator">=</span> labels<span class="token punctuation">[</span>node_id<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token comment">#获取该分类的置信度</span>
score <span class="token operator">=</span> prediction<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>node_id<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'%s (score = %.5f)'</span> <span class="token operator">%</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>human_string<span class="token punctuation">,</span> score<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
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执行上述代码即可输出对物体种类的预测概率
最终得到的预测结果是根据可能性大小列出五个种类
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