用python3 画 小猪佩奇
python3 中 有一个 turtle , 就是乌龟,原生的库, 画一下基本的平面图形还是可以的.
下面简单介绍 一下turtle库常用的方法:
turtle.circle(radius, extent=None, steps=None)
描述：以给定半径画圆
参数：
radius(半径)：半径为正(负)，表示圆心在画笔的左边(右边)画圆；
extent(弧度) (optional)；
steps (optional) (做半径为radius的圆的内切正多边形，多边形边数为steps)。
举例:
circle(50) # 整圆;
circle(50,steps=3) # 三角形;
circle(120, 180) # 半圆
turtle.color
turtle.color(*args)
返回或设置画笔颜色和填充颜色。
允许多种输入格式。使用如下 0 至 3 个参数:
color()
返回以一对颜色描述字符串或元组表示的当前画笔颜色和填充颜色，两者可分别由 pencolor() 和 fillcolor() 返回。
color(colorstring), color((r,g,b)), color(r,g,b)
输入格式与 pencolor() 相同，同时设置填充颜色和画笔颜色为指定的值。
color(colorstring1, colorstring2), color((r1,g1,b1), (r2,g2,b2))
相当于 pencolor(colorstring1) 加 fillcolor(colorstring2)，使用其他输入格式的方法也与之类似。
如果 turtleshape 为多边形，该多边形轮廓与填充也使用新设置的颜色。
>>> turtle.color("red", "green")
>>> turtle.color()
('red', 'green')
>>> color("#285078", "#a0c8f0")
>>> color()
((40.0, 80.0, 120.0), (160.0, 200.0, 240.0))
效果图如下:
完整代码
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@Time : 2019/1/19 10:33
@File : peppapig.py
@Author : frank.chang@shoufuyou.com
https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/turtle.html
https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/turtle.html#turtle.color
https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/turtle.html#turtle.write
https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/turtle.html#turtle.pencolor
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/bdTK4HrAw5sNgIfAzP-F8g
"""
import turtle
def nose(x, y): # 鼻子
turtle.penup() # 提起笔
turtle.goto(x, y) # 定位
turtle.pendown() # 落笔，开始画
# 将乌龟的方向设置为to_angle/为数字（0-东、90-北、180-西、270-南）
turtle.setheading(-30)
turtle.begin_fill() # 准备开始填充图形
a = 0.4
for i in range(120):
if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
a = a + 0.08
turtle.left(3) # 向左转3度
turtle.forward(a) # 向前走a的步长
else:
a = a - 0.08
turtle.left(3)
turtle.forward(a)
turtle.end_fill() # 填充完成
turtle.penup()
turtle.setheading(90)
turtle.forward(25)
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.forward(10)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pencolor(255, 155, 192) # 画笔颜色
turtle.setheading(10)
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.circle(5)
turtle.color(160, 82, 45) # 返回或设置pencolor和fillcolor
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.penup()
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.forward(20)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pencolor(255, 155, 192)
turtle.setheading(10)
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.circle(5)
turtle.color(160, 82, 45)
turtle.end_fill()
def head(x, y): # 头
turtle.color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.setheading(180)
turtle.circle(300, -30)
turtle.circle(100, -60)
turtle.circle(80, -100)
turtle.circle(150, -20)
turtle.circle(60, -95)
turtle.setheading(161)
turtle.circle(-300, 15)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(-100, 100)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.setheading(-30)
a = 0.4
for i in range(60):
if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
a = a + 0.08
turtle.lt(3) # 向左转3度
turtle.fd(a) # 向前走a的步长
else:
a = a - 0.08
turtle.lt(3)
turtle.fd(a)
turtle.end_fill()
def cheek(x, y): # 腮
# 深红色
turtle.color((255, 155, 192))
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.circle(25)
turtle.end_fill()
def mouth(x, y): # 嘴
# 保存画笔的属性
pen = turtle.pen()
turtle.color(239, 69, 19)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.setheading(-80)
turtle.circle(30, 40)
turtle.circle(40, 80)
# 还原画笔属性
turtle.pen(pen)
def setting(): # 参数设置
turtle.pensize(5)
turtle.showturtle() # 使乌龟无形（隐藏）
turtle.colormode(255) # 将其设置为1.0或255.随后 颜色三元组的r，g，b值必须在0 .. cmode范围内
turtle.color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
# turtle.setup(840, 1200)
# 设置屏幕大小,或者比例
turtle.setup(width=0.35, height=1.0)
turtle.speed("normal")
def init_pen():
turtle.pensize(5)
turtle.showturtle()
# 画笔主题色
# 将其设置为1.0或255.随后 颜色三元组的r，g，b值必须在0 .. cmode范围内
turtle.colormode(255)
turtle.color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
def show_coordinate(length: int = 1000):
"""
显示 坐标系
length * length 坐标系 30 * 30
:return:
"""
turtle.penup()
turtle.home()
half = length // 2
# 设置 朝向东
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.pensize(1)
turtle.color('black')
# 拿起笔开始画x 轴
turtle.penup()
turtle.backward(half)
# 放下笔
turtle.down()
# x 轴
# turtle.forward(length)
print_dot(length)
# 开始画y轴
turtle.penup()
turtle.home()
turtle.goto(0, -half)
# 设置 朝向
turtle.setheading(90)
# 放下笔
turtle.down()
print_dot(length)
# turtle.forward(length)
def print_dot(length):
"""
:param length:int 长度
:return:
"""
i = 0
# 标尺的 单位, 10 个像素打一个点
step = 10
turtle.color('black')
while i <= length:
turtle.forward(step)
turtle.dot(3, "blue")
i = i + step
def words(x=0, y=0):
"""
打印我是 佩奇
:param x:
:param y:
:return:
"""
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
print(f"turtle.position():{turtle.position()}")
turtle.down()
turtle.color("violet")
turtle.write("小猪佩奇,我就是佩奇呢", font=('Arial', 40, 'normal'), align="center")
print('write down ..')
def ear(x=0, y=0):
# 拿笔 走到 x,y 点上
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.down()
# east
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.left(70)
turtle.color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
turtle.begin_fill() # 准备开始填充图形
turtle.forward(40)
# 画个半圆
turtle.circle(15, extent=180)
# 转回来走直接
turtle.forward(44)
pensize = turtle.pen().get('pensize')
turtle.pensize(1)
turtle.setposition(x, y)
turtle.end_fill()
# 恢复画笔的大小
turtle.pensize(pensize)
def right_ear(x=0, y=0):
"""
右边的耳朵
大概 位置 (80,130)
:return:
"""
# 拿笔 走到 x,y 点上
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.down()
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.left(60)
turtle.color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
turtle.begin_fill() # 准备开始填充图形
turtle.forward(40)
# 画个半圆
turtle.circle(15, extent=180)
# 转回来走直接
turtle.forward(44)
pensize = turtle.pen().get('pensize')
turtle.pensize(1)
turtle.setposition(x, y)
turtle.end_fill()
# 恢复画笔的大小
turtle.pensize(pensize)
def two_ears():
"""
两个可爱的耳朵
:return:
"""
# 左边的耳朵
ear(x=25, y=153)
right_ear(x=80, y=130)
def eye(x=0, y=0):
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
print(f"postion:{turtle.position()}")
turtle.down()
# 将其设置为1.0或255.随后 颜色三元组的r，g，b值必须在0..cmode范围内
turtle.colormode(255)
turtle.color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
# 开始画圆
print(f"before position:{turtle.position()}")
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.circle(15)
turtle.color("white")
turtle.end_fill()
print(f"after position:{turtle.position()}")
# 调整 里面圆的位置,画圆
turtle.begin_fill()
x, y = turtle.position()
x, y = x + 8, y - 1
# 画眼珠
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.down()
print(f"turle_position:{turtle.position()}")
turtle.color("black")
turtle.circle(2)
turtle.end_fill()
def two_eyes():
"""
画两个眼睛
:return:
"""
init_pen()
eye(x=0, y=130)
x, y = turtle.position()
# right eye
eye(x=x + 45, y=y - 20)
def two_hands():
"""
two hands
# left hand (-25,-35)
right hand (112,-30)
:return:
"""
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto((-27 + 2, -35))
turtle.down()
# south
turtle.setheading(270)
turtle.right(60)
# left hand
turtle.forward(45)
turtle.backward(17)
# 画第二个 手指
turtle.right(45)
turtle.forward(13)
turtle.backward(13)
# 画第三个手指
turtle.setheading(270)
turtle.right(15)
turtle.forward(10)
# right hand (112,-30)
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto((112, -30))
turtle.down()
# direction south
turtle.setheading(270)
turtle.left(60)
turtle.forward(45)
turtle.backward(17)
# # 画第二个 手指
turtle.left(45)
turtle.forward(13)
turtle.backward(13)
# 画第三个手指
turtle.setheading(270)
turtle.left(15)
turtle.forward(10)
print('two hands finished.')
#
# turtle.penup()
# turtle.home()
# turtle.hideturtle()
pass
def leg(x=0, y=0):
"""
腿和 脚 一起画吧
:param x:
:param y:
:return:
"""
# 保存画笔
pen = turtle.pen()
# 把比调整到x,y 点上.
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.down()
# turtle.hideturtle()
# south
turtle.setheading(270)
turtle.pensize(10)
turtle.forward(43)
# one foot
turtle.color("black")
turtle.pensize(1)
# 开始画鞋子
# west
turtle.setheading(180)
# 准备填充
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.right(5)
turtle.forward(30)
turtle.circle(6, extent=188)
turtle.forward(30)
turtle.circle(4, extent=190)
# 填充完成
turtle.end_fill()
# 还原画笔
turtle.pen(pen)
def two_legs():
"""
两只腿
:return:
"""
leg(x=10, y=-137)
leg(x=80, y=-137)
def skirt(x=0, y=0):
"""
裙子 小猪佩奇的 裙子
(-20,-18)
left --leftmiddle----leftmiddle_second---- middle ---
--- right_middle_second ---right_middle -- right
画笔颜色 要深红色 , 粗细 就是主题色 就可以了.
:param left: (x,y) 元祖, 一个点的x,y 坐标
:return:
"""
# 保存画笔的属性
pen = turtle.pen()
# 设置颜色
turtle.color("#CD0000")
turtle.pensize(5)
turtle.showturtle()
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
print(f"postion:{turtle.position()}")
turtle.down()
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.left(-100)
# 开始填充 裙子的颜色
turtle.begin_fill()
# 左边斜线1
turtle.forward(120)
turtle.setheading(0)
# 下面直线2
turtle.forward(170)
turtle.left(100)
# 第三条线3
turtle.forward(115 + 2 + 2)
# 上面一条线4
turtle.setheading(180)
begin = (x, y)
# 脸颊 的相对中间点
middle = (50, -41)
# 最后一条线.. 第四条线,要找到对应的弧度, 还是有一定的难度
turtle.pensize(1)
# turtle.color("black")
# 用粉色 可以 盖住 多边形的缺陷
turtle.color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
left_middle = (12, -32)
left_middle_second = (18 + 5, -32 - 2 - 2)
right_middle = (80, -34)
right_middle_second = (67, -39)
turtle.goto(*right_middle)
turtle.goto(*right_middle_second)
turtle.goto(*middle)
turtle.goto(*left_middle_second)
turtle.goto(*left_middle)
turtle.goto(*begin)
turtle.setheading(180)
# 裙子的颜色,设置画笔的颜色
turtle.color("#CD5C5C")
# 填充裙子完成
turtle.end_fill()
# 恢复画笔
turtle.pen(pen)
def tail(x=0, y=0):
"""
tail 尾巴 (120,110)
:return:
"""
turtle.penup()
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.down()
# east
turtle.setheading(0)
turtle.forward(10)
turtle.circle(10, extent=145)
turtle.setheading(225)
turtle.circle(12, 195)
def main():
setting() # 画布、画笔设置
nose(-100, 100) # 鼻子
head(-69, 167) # 头
# 耳朵
two_ears()
# 眼睛
two_eyes()
cheek(85, 10) # 腮
mouth(-20, 30) # 嘴
skirt(x=-20, y=-18)
# 两只小手
two_hands()
# 尾巴
tail(x=120 + 3, y=-110)
# 腿和脚
two_legs()
words(0, -300) # 文字
# show_coordinate(600)
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.done()
def test_one():
turtle.home()
print(f"position:{turtle.position()}")
turtle.circle(50)
print(f"position:{turtle.position()}")
turtle.goto(100, 100)
print(f"position:{turtle.position()}")
turtle.circle(40)
print(f"position:{turtle.position()}")
turtle.done()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
参考文档
https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/turtle.html
https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/turtle.html#turtle.color
https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/turtle.html#turtle.write
https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/turtle.html#turtle.pencolor
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/bdTK4HrAw5sNgIfAzP-F8g
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