IMS QTI 实践指南 | 01 简单题型 Simple Items

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分类专栏： 业务应用最佳实践 文章标签： ims qti 试题 标准 xml
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IMS QTI 实践指南
版本： 2.1 Final
发布日期: 2012年8月31日
最新版本

Copyright © 2005-2012 IMS Global Learning Consortium. All Rights Reserved.

选择题

在这里插入图片描述
代码段：

<!--  Thie example adapted from the PET Handbook, copyright University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations  -->
<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1.xsd" identifier="choice" title="Unattended Luggage" adaptive="false" timeDependent="false">
	<responseDeclaration identifier="RESPONSE" cardinality="single" baseType="identifier">
		<correctResponse>
			<value>ChoiceA</value>
		</correctResponse>
	</responseDeclaration>
	<outcomeDeclaration identifier="SCORE" cardinality="single" baseType="float">
		<defaultValue>
			<value>0</value>
		</defaultValue>
	</outcomeDeclaration>
	<itemBody>
		<p>Look at the text in the picture.</p>
		<p><img src="images/sign.png" alt="NEVER LEAVE LUGGAGE UNATTENDED"/></p>
		<choiceInteraction responseIdentifier="RESPONSE" shuffle="false" maxChoices="1">
			<prompt>What does it say?</prompt>
			<simpleChoice identifier="ChoiceA">You must stay with your luggage at all times.</simpleChoice>
			<simpleChoice identifier="ChoiceB">Do not let someone else look after your luggage.</simpleChoice>
			<simpleChoice identifier="ChoiceC">Remember your luggage when you leave.</simpleChoice>
		</choiceInteraction>
	</itemBody>
	<responseProcessing template="http://www.imsglobal.org/question/qti_v2p1/rptemplates/match_correct"/>
</assessmentItem>

使用choiceInteraction声明一个选择的交互，prompt是题目提问，simpleChoice是选项。
使用responseDeclaration声明了响应，correctResponse存储了正确答案，对应了simpleChoice的identifier。
其中，choiceInteraction的属性shuffle设置选项是否乱序，当shuffle为true时，可以使用simpleChoice的fixed属性来固定个别选项，例如：

<choiceInteraction responseIdentifier="RESPONSE" shuffle="true" maxChoices="1">
	<prompt>What does it say?</prompt>
	<simpleChoice identifier="ChoiceA">You must stay with your luggage at all times.</simpleChoice>
	<simpleChoice identifier="ChoiceB">Do not let someone else look after your luggage.</simpleChoice>
	<simpleChoice identifier="ChoiceC">Remember your luggage when you leave.</simpleChoice>
	<simpleChoice identifier="ChoiceD" fixed="true">None of the above.</simpleChoice>
</choiceInteraction>

当maxChoices设置为0表示选择题有多个答案，对应的响应responseDeclaration的属性cardinality要设置为multiple表示有多个值。例如：

<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1.xsd" identifier="choiceMultiple" title="Composition of Water" adaptive="false" timeDependent="false">
	<responseDeclaration identifier="RESPONSE" cardinality="multiple" baseType="identifier">
		<correctResponse>
			<value>H</value>
			<value>O</value>
		</correctResponse>
		<mapping lowerBound="0" upperBound="2" defaultValue="-2">
			<mapEntry mapKey="H" mappedValue="1"/>
			<mapEntry mapKey="O" mappedValue="1"/>
			<mapEntry mapKey="Cl" mappedValue="-1"/>
		</mapping>
	</responseDeclaration>
	<outcomeDeclaration identifier="SCORE" cardinality="single" baseType="float"/>
	<itemBody>
		<choiceInteraction responseIdentifier="RESPONSE" shuffle="true" maxChoices="0">
			<prompt>Which of the following elements are used to form water?</prompt>
			<simpleChoice identifier="H" fixed="false">Hydrogen</simpleChoice>
			<simpleChoice identifier="He" fixed="false">Helium</simpleChoice>
			<simpleChoice identifier="C" fixed="false">Carbon</simpleChoice>
			<simpleChoice identifier="O" fixed="false">Oxygen</simpleChoice>
			<simpleChoice identifier="N" fixed="false">Nitrogen</simpleChoice>
			<simpleChoice identifier="Cl" fixed="false">Chlorine</simpleChoice>
		</choiceInteraction>
	</itemBody>
	<responseProcessing template="http://www.imsglobal.org/question/qti_v2p1/rptemplates/map_response"/>
</assessmentItem>

其中，在responseDeclaration子元素mapping中，为答案的分数权重做了标记，使用responseProcessing设置的默认 map_response 模板即可计算出分数，由outcomeDeclaration返回。
默认的 map_response 模板见下述代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<responseProcessing xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1.xsd">
	<responseCondition>
		<responseIf>
			<isNull>
				<variable identifier="RESPONSE"/>
			</isNull>
			<setOutcomeValue identifier="SCORE">
				<baseValue baseType="float">0.0</baseValue>
			</setOutcomeValue>
		</responseIf>
		<responseElse>
			<setOutcomeValue identifier="SCORE">
				<mapResponse identifier="RESPONSE"/>
			</setOutcomeValue>
		</responseElse>
	</responseCondition>
</responseProcessing>

可以解释为：如果输入值RESPONSE为空，那么输出SCORE为0.0；否则，按响应输出分值。
当有多个选项及答案时，也可以自定义响应输出，例如：

<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1.xsd" identifier="choiceMultiple" title="Chocolate Milk" adaptive="false" timeDependent="false">
	<responseDeclaration identifier="MR01" cardinality="multiple" baseType="identifier"/>
	<outcomeDeclaration identifier="SCORE" cardinality="single" baseType="float"/>
	<itemBody>
	<choiceInteraction responseIdentifier="MR01" shuffle="true" maxChoices="10">
		<prompt>How to make chocolate milk. Select the combination of steps that lead to a nice glass of hot and steamy chocolate milk.</prompt>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C01" fixed="false">Take a lighter</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C02" fixed="false">Open the gas on the stove</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C03" fixed="false">Light the gas</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C04" fixed="false">Poor the milk in the pan</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C05" fixed="false">Add 2 tea spoons of cocoa into the mug</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C06" fixed="false">Add 2 tea spoons of sugar into the mug</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C07" fixed="false">Add 2 spoons of water into the mug</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C08" fixed="false">Stir the water, cocoa and sugar until the mixture is smooth</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C09" fixed="false">Put the pan with milk on the stove</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C10" fixed="false">Poor the boiling milk into the mug</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C11" fixed="false">Put the mug with the mixture and milk into the microwave</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C12" fixed="false">Add milk to the mug with the smooth mixture</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C13" fixed="false">Add cold milk from the fridge into the mug with smooth mixture</simpleChoice>
		<simpleChoice identifier="C14" fixed="false">Set the microwave on 700 Watt and set the timer to 2 minutes</simpleChoice>
	</choiceInteraction>
	</itemBody>
	<responseProcessing>
		<responseCondition>
			<responseIf>
				<match>
					<variable identifier="MR01"/>
					<baseValue baseType="identifier">C01 C02 C03 C04 C05 C06 C07 C08 C09 C10</baseValue>
				</match>
				<setOutcomeValue identifier="SCORE">
					<baseValue baseType="float">1</baseValue>
				</setOutcomeValue>
			</responseIf>
			<responseElseIf>
				<match>
					<variable identifier="MR01"/>
					<baseValue baseType="identifier">C11 C05 C06 C07 C08 C12 C13 C14</baseValue>
				</match>
				<setOutcomeValue identifier="SCORE">
					<baseValue baseType="float">1</baseValue>
				</setOutcomeValue>
			</responseElseIf>
		</responseCondition>
	</responseProcessing>
</assessmentItem>

示例为一个多项选择题，最大选择10项，responseDeclaration没有任何内容，由responseProcessing确定答案及得分。
如果选择C01 C02 C03 C04 C05 C06 C07 C08 C09 C10则得1分；如果选择C11 C05 C06 C07 C08 C12 C13 C14，也得1分。

排序题

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代码段:

<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1.xsd" identifier="order" title="Grand Prix of Bahrain" adaptive="false" timeDependent="false">
	<responseDeclaration identifier="RESPONSE" cardinality="ordered" baseType="identifier">
		<correctResponse>
			<value>DriverC</value>
			<value>DriverA</value>
			<value>DriverB</value>
		</correctResponse>
	</responseDeclaration>
	<outcomeDeclaration identifier="SCORE" cardinality="single" baseType="float"/>
	<itemBody>
		<orderInteraction responseIdentifier="RESPONSE" shuffle="true">
			<prompt>The following F1 drivers finished on the podium in the first ever Grand Prix of Bahrain. Can you 		rearrange them into the correct finishing order?</prompt>
			<simpleChoice identifier="DriverA">Rubens Barrichello</simpleChoice>
			<simpleChoice identifier="DriverB">Jenson Button</simpleChoice>
			<simpleChoice identifier="DriverC" fixed="true">Michael Schumacher</simpleChoice>
		</orderInteraction>
	</itemBody>
	<responseProcessing template="http://www.imsglobal.org/question/qti_v2p1/rptemplates/match_correct"/>
</assessmentItem>

使用orderInteraction声明了一个排序交互，与选择题拥有同样得prompt和simpleChoice。
稍有区别的是，responseDeclaration的属性cardinality设置为了ordered，表达了排序题的答案是要求有序的。
如果需要让排序题的答案部分正确也获得一定分数的话，可以设置responseProcessing逻辑，例如：

<responseProcessing>
	<responseCondition>
		<responseIf>
			<match>
				<variable identifier="RESPONSE"/>
				<correct identifier="RESPONSE"/>
			</match>
			<setOutcomeValue identifier="SCORE">
				<baseValue baseType="float">2</baseValue>
			</setOutcomeValue>
		</responseIf>
		<responseElseIf>
			<match>
				<variable identifier="RESPONSE"/>
				<ordered>
					<baseValue baseType="identifier">DriverC</baseValue>
					<baseValue baseType="identifier">DriverB</baseValue>
					<baseValue baseType="identifier">DriverA</baseValue>
				</ordered>
			</match>
			<setOutcomeValue identifier="SCORE">
				<baseValue baseType="float">1</baseValue>
			</setOutcomeValue>
		</responseElseIf>
		<responseElse>
			<setOutcomeValue identifier="SCORE">
				<baseValue baseType="float">0</baseValue>
			</setOutcomeValue>
		</responseElse>
	</responseCondition>
</responseProcessing>

关联题

在这里插入图片描述
代码段：

<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1.xsd" identifier="associate" title="Shakespearian Rivals" adaptive="false" timeDependent="false">
	<responseDeclaration identifier="RESPONSE" cardinality="multiple" baseType="pair">
		<correctResponse>
			<value>A P</value>
			<value>C M</value>
			<value>D L</value>
		</correctResponse>
		<mapping defaultValue="0">
			<mapEntry mapKey="A P" mappedValue="2"/>
			<mapEntry mapKey="C M" mappedValue="1"/>
			<mapEntry mapKey="D L" mappedValue="1"/>
		</mapping>
	</responseDeclaration>
	<outcomeDeclaration identifier="SCORE" cardinality="single" baseType="float"/>
	<itemBody>
		<associateInteraction responseIdentifier="RESPONSE" shuffle="true" maxAssociations="3">
			<prompt>Hidden in this list of characters from famous Shakespeare plays are three pairs of rivals. Can you match each character to his adversary?</prompt>
			<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="A" matchMax="1">Antonio</simpleAssociableChoice>
			<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="C" matchMax="1">Capulet</simpleAssociableChoice>
			<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="D" matchMax="1">Demetrius</simpleAssociableChoice>
			<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="L" matchMax="1">Lysander</simpleAssociableChoice>
			<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="M" matchMax="1">Montague</simpleAssociableChoice>
			<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="P" matchMax="1">Prospero</simpleAssociableChoice>
		</associateInteraction>
	</itemBody>
	<responseProcessing template="http://www.imsglobal.org/question/qti_v2p1/rptemplates/map_response"/>
</assessmentItem>

使用associateInteraction声明了关联题交互，属性maxAssociations为3表示由3对连线结果。
与选择题拥有同样的prompt，但选项为simpleAssociableChoice。
因为关联题的答案总是成对出现的，且答案是多对的，所以responseDeclaration的属性baseType设置为了pair，属性cardinality设置为了multiple。子元素correctResponse表示了正确答案的内容，子元素mapping设置了没对答案的分数情况。

匹配题

在这里插入图片描述

<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1.xsd" identifier="match" title="Characters and Plays" adaptive="false" timeDependent="false">
	<responseDeclaration identifier="RESPONSE" cardinality="multiple" baseType="directedPair">
		<correctResponse>
			<value>C R</value>
			<value>D M</value>
			<value>L M</value>
			<value>P T</value>
		</correctResponse>
		<mapping defaultValue="0">
			<mapEntry mapKey="C R" mappedValue="1"/>
			<mapEntry mapKey="D M" mappedValue="0.5"/>
			<mapEntry mapKey="L M" mappedValue="0.5"/>
			<mapEntry mapKey="P T" mappedValue="1"/>
		</mapping>
	</responseDeclaration>
	<outcomeDeclaration identifier="SCORE" cardinality="single" baseType="float"/>
	<itemBody>
		<matchInteraction responseIdentifier="RESPONSE" shuffle="true" maxAssociations="4">
			<prompt>Match the following characters to the Shakespeare play they appeared in:</prompt>
			<simpleMatchSet>
				<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="C" matchMax="1">Capulet</simpleAssociableChoice>
				<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="D" matchMax="1">Demetrius</simpleAssociableChoice>
				<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="L" matchMax="1">Lysander</simpleAssociableChoice>
				<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="P" matchMax="1">Prospero</simpleAssociableChoice>
			</simpleMatchSet>
			<simpleMatchSet>
				<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="M" matchMax="4">A Midsummer-Night's Dream</simpleAssociableChoice>
				<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="R" matchMax="4">Romeo and Juliet</simpleAssociableChoice>
				<simpleAssociableChoice identifier="T" matchMax="4">The Tempest</simpleAssociableChoice>
			</simpleMatchSet>
		</matchInteraction>
	</itemBody>
	<responseProcessing template="http://www.imsglobal.org/question/qti_v2p1/rptemplates/map_response"/>
</assessmentItem>

使用matchInteraction声明了匹配题，和关联题不同的是，选项simpleAssociableChoice被放到了不同的simpleMatchSet中进行了分组。所以答案声明中baseType设置为directedPair区别于关联题的pair，匹配题的答案是指定的对，即总是一个组匹配另一个组。

间隙匹配（选择填空题）

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代码段：

<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1.xsd" identifier="gapMatch" title="Richard III (Take 1)" adaptive="false" timeDependent="false">
	<responseDeclaration identifier="RESPONSE" cardinality="multiple" baseType="directedPair">
		<correctResponse>
			<value>W G1</value>
			<value>Su G2</value>
		</correctResponse>
		<mapping defaultValue="-1" lowerBound="0">
			<mapEntry mapKey="W G1" mappedValue="1"/>
			<mapEntry mapKey="Su G2" mappedValue="2"/>
		</mapping>
	</responseDeclaration>
	<outcomeDeclaration identifier="SCORE" cardinality="single" baseType="float"/>
	<itemBody>
		<gapMatchInteraction responseIdentifier="RESPONSE" shuffle="false">
			<prompt>Identify the missing words in this famous quote from Shakespeare's Richard III.</prompt>
			<gapText identifier="W" matchMax="1">winter</gapText>
			<gapText identifier="Sp" matchMax="1">spring</gapText>
			<gapText identifier="Su" matchMax="1">summer</gapText>
			<gapText identifier="A" matchMax="1">autumn</gapText>
			<blockquote>
				<p>
					Now is the<gap identifier="G1"/>of our discontent<br/>
					Made glorious<gap identifier="G2"/>by this sun of York;<br/>
					And all the clouds that lour'd upon our house<br/>
					In the deep bosom of the ocean buried.
				</p>
			</blockquote>
		</gapMatchInteraction>
	</itemBody>
	<responseProcessing template="http://www.imsglobal.org/question/qti_v2p1/rptemplates/map_response"/>
</assessmentItem>

使用gapMatchInteraction声明间隙匹配交互，和匹配交互类似，但是增加了间隙gapText，只能为间隙选择选项。

行间选择题

在这里插入图片描述
代码段：

<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1.xsd" identifier="inlineChoice" title="Richard III (Take 2)" adaptive="false" timeDependent="false">
	<responseDeclaration identifier="RESPONSE" cardinality="single" baseType="identifier">
		<correctResponse>
			<value>Y</value>
		</correctResponse>
	</responseDeclaration>
	<outcomeDeclaration identifier="SCORE" cardinality="single" baseType="float"/>
	<itemBody>
		<p>Identify the missing word in this famous quote from Shakespeare's Richard III.</p>
		<blockquote>
			<p>
				Now is the winter of our discontent<br/>
				Made glorious summer by this sun of
				<inlineChoiceInteraction responseIdentifier="RESPONSE" shuffle="false">
					<inlineChoice identifier="G">Gloucester</inlineChoice>
					<inlineChoice identifier="L">Lancaster</inlineChoice>
					<inlineChoice identifier="Y">York</inlineChoice>
				</inlineChoiceInteraction>
				;<br/>
				And all the clouds that lour'd upon our house<br/>
				In the deep bosom of the ocean buried.
			</p>
		</blockquote>
	</itemBody>
	<responseProcessing template="http://www.imsglobal.org/question/qti_v2p1/rptemplates/match_correct"/>
</assessmentItem>

使用inlineChoiceInteraction声明行间选择题，类似于选择题，它的交互体被放到了题目内容中。

文本填空题

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代码段：

<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1.xsd" identifier="textEntry" title="Richard III (Take 3)" adaptive="false" timeDependent="false">
	<responseDeclaration identifier="RESPONSE" cardinality="single" baseType="string">
		<correctResponse>
			<value>York</value>
		</correctResponse>
		<mapping defaultValue="0">
			<mapEntry mapKey="York" mappedValue="1"/>
			<mapEntry mapKey="york" mappedValue="0.5"/>
		</mapping>
	</responseDeclaration>
	<outcomeDeclaration identifier="SCORE" cardinality="single" baseType="float"/>
	<itemBody>
		<p>Identify the missing word in this famous quote from Shakespeare's Richard III.</p>
		<blockquote>
			<p>
			Now is the winter of our discontent<br/>
			Made glorious summer by this sun of
			<textEntryInteraction responseIdentifier="RESPONSE" expectedLength="15"/>
			;<br/>
			And all the clouds that lour'd upon our house<br/>
			In the deep bosom of the ocean buried.</p>
		</blockquote>
	</itemBody>
	<responseProcessing template="http://www.imsglobal.org/question/qti_v2p1/rptemplates/map_response"/>
</assessmentItem>

使用textEntryInteraction声明文本填空交互，同间隙填空、行间匹配类似，交互被声明在题目文本之中。
同时可以使用mapping声明期望的多个答案即其对应分值。

扩展文本题（问答题/作文题）

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代码段：

<!--  Thie example adapted from the PET Handbook, copyright University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations  -->
<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1.xsd" identifier="extendedText" title="Writing a Postcard" adaptive="false" timeDependent="false">
	<responseDeclaration identifier="RESPONSE" cardinality="single" baseType="string"/>
	<outcomeDeclaration identifier="SCORE" cardinality="single" baseType="float"/>
	<itemBody>
		<p>Read this postcard from your English pen-friend, Sam.</p>
		<div>
			<object type="image/png" data="images/postcard.png">
				<blockquote class="postcard">
					<p>
						Here is a postcard of my town. Please send me<br/>
						a postcard from your town. What size is your<br/>
						town? What is the nicest part of your town?<br/>
						Where do you go in the evenings?<br/>
						Sam.
					</p>
				</blockquote>
			</object>
		</div>
		<extendedTextInteraction responseIdentifier="RESPONSE" expectedLength="200">
			<prompt>Write Sam a postcard. Answer the questions. Write 25-35 words.</prompt>
		</extendedTextInteraction>
	</itemBody>
</assessmentItem>

使用extendedTextInteraction声明扩展文本交互，即问答题或作文题。
对于没有固定答案的题目，responseDeclaration无法指定correctResponse，可以使用rubricBlock为打分人员提供说明，使用view指明可以查看的角色。

<!--  Thie example adapted from the PET Handbook, copyright University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations  -->
<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1.xsd" identifier="extendedText" title="Writing a Postcard with rubric" adaptive="false" timeDependent="false">
	<responseDeclaration identifier="RESPONSE" cardinality="single" baseType="string"/>
	<outcomeDeclaration identifier="SCORE" cardinality="single" baseType="float"/>
	<itemBody>
		<p>Read this postcard from your English pen-friend, Sam.</p>
		<div>
			<object type="image/png" data="images/postcard.png">
				<blockquote class="postcard">
					<p>
						Here is a postcard of my town. Please send me<br/>
						a postcard from your town. What size is your<br/>
						town? What is the nicest part of your town?<br/>
						Where do you go in the evenings?<br/>
						Sam.
					</p>
				</blockquote>
			</object>
		</div>
		<extendedTextInteraction responseIdentifier="RESPONSE" expectedLength="200">
		<prompt>Write Sam a postcard. Answer the questions. Write 25-35 words.</prompt>
		</extendedTextInteraction>
		<rubricBlock view="scorer">
			<h1>Scoring Guidelines</h1>
			<div>
				<p><b>Max Score:</b>3.0 points</p>
				<p><b>Scoring:</b></p>
				<ul>
					<li>When not all 3 questions are answered in the response: -1 for each missing.</li>
					<li>Check for gramatical errors: -0.1 per error.</li>
					<li>Possibly add in .1 increments extra bonus points for extra good answers.</li>
				</ul>
			</div>
		</rubricBlock>
	</itemBody>
</assessmentItem>
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