Ubuntu16.0.4下单机集群式elasticsearch 安装、配置及示例

文章友情相关链接： 简书：https://www.jianshu.com/p/40a66c04aa7a

1、下载

elasticsearch点击下载
或者用命令行下载

curl -L -O http://download.elasticsearch.org/PATH/TO/VERSION.zip <1>
unzip elasticsearch-$VERSION.zip
cd  elasticsearch-$VERSION

2、配置单机集群

• 1、在home目录下创建一个文件夹elasticsearch,然后将刚才下载的elastcsearch复制三份，分别重命名为：elastcsearch-node1、elastcsearch-node2、elastcsearch-node3

   

  

  image.png

• 2、修改config
  elasticsearch集群配置比较简单，只需把每个节点的cluster name设置成相同的，es启动时会自动发现同一网段内相同cluster name的节点自动加入到集群中。要做到单机上开多个实例，需要修改ES的默认配置，以下是一些配置要点：

   

  

  image.png

1. node.max_local_storage_nodes
   这个配置限制了单节点上可以开启的ES存储实例的个数，我们需要开多个实例，因此需要把这个配置写到配置文件中，并为这个配置赋值为2或者更高。
2. http.port
   这个配置是elasticsearch对外提供服务的http端口配置，默认情况下ES会取用9200~9299之间的端口，如果9200被占用就会自动使用9201，在单机多实例的配置中这个配置实际是不需要修改的。
3. transport.tcp.port
   　这个配置指定了elasticsearch集群内数据通讯使用的端口，默认情况下为9300，与上面的http.port配置类似，ES也会自动为已占用的端口选择下一个端口号。我们可以将第一个实例的tcp传输端口配置为9300，第二实例配置为9301

• 3、几个基本名词
  index: es里的index相当于一个数据库。
  type: 相当于数据库里的一个表。
  id： 唯一，相当于主键。
  node:节点是es实例，一台机器可以运行多个实例，但是同一台机器上的实例在配置文件中要确保http和tcp端口不同（下面有讲）。
  cluster:代表一个集群，集群中有多个节点，其中有一个会被选为主节点，这个主节点是可以通过选举产生的，主从节点是对于集群内部来说的。
  shards：代表索引分片，es可以把一个完整的索引分成多个分片，这样的好处是可以把一个大的索引拆分成多个，分布到不同的节点上，构成分布式搜索。分片的数量只能在索引创建前指定，并且索引创建后不能更改。
  replicas:代表索引副本，es可以设置多个索引的副本，副本的作用一是提高系统的容错性，当个某个节点某个分片损坏或丢失时可以从副本中恢复。二是提高es的查询效率，es会自动对搜索请求进行负载均衡。
• 4、配置文件 ./elasticsearch-node1/config/elasticsearch.yml

1. elasticsearch-node1的elasticsearch.yml配置如下：

# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
#
# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
#       Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
#       understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
#
# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
#
# Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html
#
# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for your cluster:
#
cluster.name: ictr_ElasticSearch
#
# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for the node:
#
#换个节点名字
node.name: node1
node.master: true
#
# Add custom attributes to the node:
#
node.attr.rack: r1
#这个配置限制了单节点上可以开启的ES存储实例的个数，我们需要开多个实例，因此需要把这个配置写到配置文件中，并为这个配置赋值为2或者更高
node.max_local_storage_nodes: 3
#
# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
#
# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
#
#path.data: /path/to/data
#
# Path to log files:
#
#path.logs: /path/to/logs
#
# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
#
# Lock the memory on startup:
#
#bootstrap.memory_lock: true
#
# Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
# limit.
#
# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
#
# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
#
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
#
network.host: 127.0.0.1
#
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#
http.port: 9201
#
transport.tcp.port: 9301
# For more information, consult the network module documentation.
#
# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
#
# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started:
# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
#
#discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["127.0.0.1:9301"]  #候选主节点地址
#
# Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of master-eligible nodes / 2 + 1):
#
#指定集群中的节点中有几个有master资格的节点。
#对于大集群可以写3个以上。
discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 1

#默认是3s，这是设置集群中自动发现其它节点时ping连接超时时间，
#为避免因为网络差而导致启动报错，我设成了40s。
discovery.zen.ping_timeout: 40s
#
# For more information, consult the zen discovery module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
#
# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
#
#gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
#
# For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
#
# Require explicit names when deleting indices:
#
#action.destructive_requires_name: true
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

1. elasticsearch-node2的elasticsearch.yml配置如下：

# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
#
# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
#       Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
#       understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
#
# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
#
# Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html
#
# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for your cluster:
#
cluster.name: ictr_ElasticSearch
#
# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for the node:
#
#换个节点名字
node.name: node2
node.master: false
#
# Add custom attributes to the node:
#
node.attr.rack: r1
#这个配置限制了单节点上可以开启的ES存储实例的个数，我们需要开多个实例，因此需要把这个配置写到配置文件中，并为这个配置赋值为2或者更高
node.max_local_storage_nodes: 3
#
# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
#
# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
#
#path.data: /path/to/data
#
# Path to log files:
#
#path.logs: /path/to/logs
#
# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
#
# Lock the memory on startup:
#
bootstrap.memory_lock: false
bootstrap.system_call_filter: false
#
# Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
# limit.
#
# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
#
# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
#
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
#
network.host: 127.0.0.1
#
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#
http.port: 9202
#
transport.tcp.port: 9302
# For more information, consult the network module documentation.
#
# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
#
# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started:
# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
#
discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["127.0.0.1:9301"]  #候选主节点地址
#
# Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of master-eligible nodes / 2 + 1):
#
#discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 1
#
# For more information, consult the zen discovery module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
#
# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
#
#gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
#
# For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
#
# Require explicit names when deleting indices:
#
#action.destructive_requires_name: true
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

1. elasticsearch-node3的elasticsearch.yml配置如下：

# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
#
# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
#       Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
#       understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
#
# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
#
# Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html
#
# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for your cluster:
#
cluster.name: ictr_ElasticSearch
#
# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for the node:
#
#换个节点名字
node.name: node3
node.master: false
#
# Add custom attributes to the node:
#
node.attr.rack: r1
#这个配置限制了单节点上可以开启的ES存储实例的个数，我们需要开多个实例，因此需要把这个配置写到配置文件中，并为这个配置赋值为2或者更高
node.max_local_storage_nodes: 3
#
# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
#
# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
#
#path.data: /path/to/data
#
# Path to log files:
#
#path.logs: /path/to/logs
#
# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
#
# Lock the memory on startup:
#
bootstrap.memory_lock: false
bootstrap.system_call_filter: false
#
# Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
# limit.
#
# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
#
# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
#
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
#
network.host: 127.0.0.1
#
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#
http.port: 9203
#
transport.tcp.port: 9303
# For more information, consult the network module documentation.
#
# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
#
# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started:
# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
#
discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["127.0.0.1:9301"]  #候选主节点地址
#
# Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of master-eligible nodes / 2 + 1):
#
#discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 1
#
# For more information, consult the zen discovery module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
#
# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
#
#gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
#
# For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
#
# Require explicit names when deleting indices:
#
#action.destructive_requires_name: true
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

3、启动节点

分别启动三个elasticsearch实例

./bin/elasticsearch -d (后台运行)

4、访问浏览器

http://127.0.0.1:9100/

5、问题

因为elasticsearch为了安全，不能用root用户运行，如果有些文件没有权限运行，要么新建用户组和用户，要么给文件授权

chmod -R 777 elasticsearch
chmod -R 777 xxx