经典三种IO模式
- BIO模式(阻塞IO):类比去食堂吃饭,BIO模式相当于排队取菜
- NIO模式(非阻塞IO):去食堂吃饭,NIO模式相当于等待服务员将菜准备好后,通知你去取菜
- AIO模式(异步模式):去食堂吃饭,AIO模式相当于包厢,等待服务员上菜
阻塞与非阻塞,同步与异步
- 阻塞:类比去食堂吃饭,阻塞相当于排队取菜,智能排队
- 非阻塞:去食堂吃饭非阻塞相当于等待服务员将菜准备好后,通知你去取菜,在等待过程中可以去做别的事情
- 同步:去食堂吃饭,食堂服务员打菜,你必须等到食堂服务员打菜完毕
- 异步:去食堂吃饭,食堂服务员打菜,打完后叫你说打完了,这个呼叫就是回调
BIO与NIO比较
- BIO代码简单
- 特定场景:在连接数少,并发度低,BIO性能不低于NIO
netty对BIO的支持
netty支持BIO使用OioServerSocketChannel,在创建EventLoopGroup的时候,创建OioEventLoopGroup类,并且设置channel时,设置OioServerSocketChannel
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new OioEventLoopGroup(1);
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new OioEventLoopGroup();
final EchoServerHandler serverHandler = new EchoServerHandler();
try {
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
.channel(OioServerSocketChannel.class)
.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 100)
.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
if (sslCtx != null) {
p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
}
//p.addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
p.addLast(serverHandler);
}
});
netty对reactor的支持
- 什么是reactor:reactor设计模式是event-driven architecture的一种实现方式,处理多个客户端并发的向服务端请求服务的场景。每种服务在服务端可能由多个方法组成。reactor会解耦并发请求的服务并分发给对应的事件处理器来处理
- reactor的三种模式
1.单线程模式:单Reactor单线程模型,负责多路分离套接字,Accept新连接,并分派请求到Handler处理器中,但是单线程模式的缺点1.当其中某个handler阻塞时,会导致其他所有的client的handler都得不到执行,而且如果handler的阻塞也会导致整个服务不能接受到新的请求
2.多线程模式:基于单线程基础上,我们把handler处理器的执行放到线程池中,多线程进行业务处理,
3.主从多线程模式:在多线程reactor模式下,我们把reactor分文两个,一个reactor用于接收连接,一个用于进行read和send
- netty如何支持三种模式
1.单线程模式:只有一个NioEventLoopGroup
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
final EchoServerHandler serverHandler = new EchoServerHandler();
try {
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
b.group(workerGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 100)
.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
if (sslCtx != null) {
p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
}
//p.addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
p.addLast(serverHandler);
}
});
// Start the server.
ChannelFuture f = b.bind(PORT).sync();
// Wait until the server socket is closed.
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
2.多线程模式:
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();//多线程
final EchoServerHandler serverHandler = new EchoServerHandler();
try {
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
b.group(workerGroup, workerGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 100)
.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
if (sslCtx != null) {
p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
}
//p.addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
p.addLast(serverHandler);
}
});
// Start the server.
ChannelFuture f = b.bind(PORT).sync();
// Wait until the server socket is closed.
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
3.主从多线程模式:bossGroup 用于accpet用户连接 workerGroup 用于read和send
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
final EchoServerHandler serverHandler = new EchoServerHandler();
try {
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
b.group(bossGroup , workerGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 100)
.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
if (sslCtx != null) {
p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
}
//p.addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
p.addLast(serverHandler);
}
});
// Start the server.
ChannelFuture f = b.bind(PORT).sync();
相关问题
- 为什么说netty的main reactor 大多并不能用到一个线程组,只能线程里面一个
netty因为服务启动的时候只绑定了一个端口,所以将会在EventLoopGroup中选择一个eventLoop去注册事件。