Ubuntu配置静态IP地址

经常需要把局域网内部服务器设置静态IP地址，接下来讲Ubuntu的命令行模式下完成这件事。

1. 获取当前主机的IP和子网掩码

$ ifconfig
ens33     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0c:29:f8:fc:d1  
          inet addr:192.168.79.128  Bcast:192.168.79.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fef8:fcd1/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:741 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:495 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:64463 (64.4 KB)  TX bytes:83013 (83.0 KB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:992 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:992 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1 
          RX bytes:74912 (74.9 KB)  TX bytes:74912 (74.9 KB)

我们使用的网卡名叫 ens33 ,IP地址是 192.168.79.128 ,子网掩码是 255.255.255.0

2. 获取网关

$ ip route
default via 192.168.79.2 dev ens33 onlink 
192.168.79.0/24 dev ens33  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.79.128

网关地址是 192.168.79.2，我们可以把DNS也指定为网关地址

3. 修改配置文件

sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces

修改配置文件内容如下，请根据自己的实际情况填写

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto ens33
iface ens33 inet static
address 192.168.79.128				# IP地址
netmask 255.255.255.0				# 子网掩码
gateway 192.168.79.2					# 网关
dns-nameserver 192.168.79.2	# DNS服务器

4. 重启网络

sudo systemctl restart networking