ios 懒加载
- 所谓的懒加载可以定义为:延时加载,即当对象需要用到的时候再去加载。其实就是所谓的重写对象的get方法,当系统或者开发者调用对象的get方法时,再去加载对象。
需要注意:重写get方法时,先判断对象当前是否为空,为空的话再去实例化对象
- 懒加载的优点
- 不需将对象的实例化写到viewDidLoad,可以简化代码,增强代码的可读性
- 对象的实例化在getter方法中,各司其职,降低耦合性
- 对系统的内存占用率会减小
viewDidLoad正常加载代码示例
- 没用懒加载的时候,从plist获取数据,返回一个数组,需要写在viewDidLoad方法中获取
@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *shopData;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
_shopData = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:
[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"shop" ofType:@"plist"]];
}
@end
- 显而易见,当控制器被加载完成后就会加载当前的shopData,假如shopData是在某些事件被触发的时候才会被调用,没必要在控制器加载完就去获取plist文件,如果事件不被触发,代表着shopData永远不会被用到,这样在viewDidLoad中加载shopData就会十分多余,并且耗用内存
懒加载代码示例
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
}
- (NSArray *)shopData
{
if (!_shopData) {
_shopData = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:
[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"shop" ofType:@"plist"]];
}
return _shopData;
}
@end
- 当需要用到shopData的时候,就会调用[self shopData]的方法(即getter方法),此时系统会去调用getter方法,然后再getter方法中获取plist文件内容,然后返回使用(需要注意在getter方法里切勿使用self.shopData,因为self.shopData会调用getter方法,造成死循环)
总结:懒加载即用到时方去加载对象
//
// YYViewController.m
// 03-图片浏览器初步
//
// Created by apple on 14-5-21.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 itcase. All rights reserved.
//
#import "YYViewController.h"
#define POTOIMGW 200
#define POTOIMGH 300
#define POTOIMGX 60
#define POTOIMGY 50
@interface YYViewController ()
@property(nonatomic,strong)UILabel *firstlab;
@property(nonatomic,strong)UILabel *lastlab;
@property(nonatomic,strong)UIImageView *icon;
@property(nonatomic,strong)UIButton *leftbtn;
@property(nonatomic,strong)UIButton *rightbtn;
@property(nonatomic,strong)NSArray *array;
@property(nonatomic ,assign)int i;
-(void)change;
@end
@implementation YYViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
[self change];
}
-(void)change
{
[self.firstlab setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d/5",self.i+1]];
//先get再set
self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:self.array[self.i][@"name"]];
self.lastlab.text=self.array[self.i][@"desc"];
self.leftbtn.enabled=(self.i!=0);
self.rightbtn.enabled=(self.i!=4);
}
//延迟加载
/**1.图片的序号标签*/
-(UILabel *)firstlab
{
//判断是否已经有了,若没有,则进行实例化
if (!_firstlab) {
_firstlab=[[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 10, 300, 30)];
[_firstlab setTextAlignment:NSTextAlignmentCenter];
[self.view addSubview:_firstlab];
}
return _firstlab;
}
/**2.图片控件的延迟加载*/
-(UIImageView *)icon
{
//判断是否已经有了,若没有,则进行实例化
if (!_icon) {
_icon=[[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(POTOIMGX, POTOIMGY, POTOIMGW, POTOIMGH)];
UIImage *image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"biaoqingdi"];
_icon.image=image;
[self.view addSubview:_icon];
}
return _icon;
}
/**3.描述控件的延迟加载*/
-(UILabel *)lastlab
{
//判断是否已经有了,若没有,则进行实例化
if (!_lastlab) {
_lastlab=[[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 400, 300, 30)];
[_lastlab setTextAlignment:NSTextAlignmentCenter];
[self.view addSubview:_lastlab];
}
return _lastlab;
}
/**4.左键按钮的延迟加载*/
-(UIButton *)leftbtn
{
//判断是否已经有了,若没有,则进行实例化
if (!_leftbtn) {
_leftbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
_leftbtn.frame=CGRectMake(0, self.view.center.y, 40, 40);
[_leftbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[_leftbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[self.view addSubview:_leftbtn];
[_leftbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(leftclick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
}
return _leftbtn;
}
/**5.右键按钮的延迟加载*/
-(UIButton *)rightbtn
{
if (!_rightbtn) {
_rightbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
_rightbtn.frame=CGRectMake(POTOIMGX+POTOIMGW+10, self.view.center.y, 40, 40);
[_rightbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[_rightbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[self.view addSubview:_rightbtn];
[_rightbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(rightclick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
}
return _rightbtn;
}
//array的get方法
-(NSArray *)array
{
if (_array==nil) {
NSString *path=[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"data" ofType:@"plist"];
_array=[[NSArray alloc]initWithContentsOfFile:path];
}
return _array;
}
-(void)rightclick:(UIButton *)btn
{
self.i++;
[self change];
}
-(void)leftclick:(UIButton *)btn
{
self.i--;
[self change];
}
@end