原题附上:(为了规范略做改动)
class Hobbits{
String name;
}
public class HobbitsTest{
public static void main(String[] args){
Hobbits [] h=new Hobbits[3];
int z=0;
while (z<4) {
z=z+1;
h[z]=new Hobbits();
h[z].name="bilbo";
if (z==1) {
h[z].name="frodo";
}
if (z==2) {
h[z].name="sam";
}
System.out.println(h[z].name+" is a good Hobbit name");
}
}
}
问题:
1、代码中h[z]其实也是个引用,否则不能调用name,因此缺少h[z]对象引用的声明 h[z]=new Hobbits();
2、数组是按照h[0]、h[1]、h[2]的顺序,而while循环中却是按h[1]、h[2]、h[3]的顺序,这样导致h[3]为空,会报错:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at HobbitsTest.main(HobbitsTest.java:12)
修改:
有两种改法:
1)z从0开始,循环条件改成z<3,z=z+1放在循环的最后一步
2)z从-1开始,循环条件改成z<2,z=z+1位置不变
修改后的代码:
1)
class Hobbits{
String name;
}
public class HobbitsTest{
public static void main(String[] args){
Hobbits [] h=new Hobbits[3];
int z=0;
while (z<3) {
h[z]=new Hobbits();
h[z].name="bilbo";
if (z==1) {
h[z].name="frodo";
}
if (z==2) {
h[z].name="sam";
}
System.out.println(h[z].name+" is a good Hobbit name");
z=z+1;
}
}
}
2)
class Hobbits{
String name;
}
public class HobbitsTest{
public static void main(String[] args){
Hobbits [] h=new Hobbits[3];
int z=-1;
while (z<2) {
z=z+1;
h[z]=new Hobbits();
h[z].name="bilbo";
if (z==1) {
h[z].name="frodo";
}
if (z==2) {
h[z].name="sam";
}
System.out.println(h[z].name+" is a good Hobbit name");
}
}
}
运行结果是一样的:
bilbo is a good Hobbit name
frodo is a good Hobbit name
sam is a good Hobbit name