OSPF修改路由器优先级（DR/BDR）

本实验主要验证修改OSPF优先级。默认情况下，R4路由器为DR；R3路由器为BDR（根据路由器Route-ID大小来确定）。通过修改路由器优先级，将R1设置为DR，R2设置为BDR。

一个广播性、多接入网络中的指定路由器DR（Designated Router）
为减小多路访问网络中OSPF流量，OSPF会选择一个指定路由器（DR）和一个备份指定路由器（BDR）。当多路访问网络发生变化时，DR负责更新其他所有OSPF路由器。
BDR会监控DR 的状态，并在当前DR发生故障时接替其角色。

拓扑图如下：

一、根据拓扑图配置路由器IP地址

R1

R1#conf t
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 1/0
R1(config-if)#no switchport 
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no sh
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no sh

R2

R2#conf t
R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 1/0
R2(config-if)#no switchport 
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no sh
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface  fastEthernet 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no sh
R2(config-if)#exit

R3

R3#conf t
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet  1/0
R3(config-if)#no switchport 
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no sh
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no sh

R4

R4#conf t
R4(config)#interface  fastEthernet 1/0
R4(config-if)#no switchport
R4(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#no sh
R4(config-if)#exit
R4(config)#interface fastEthernet  0/0
R4(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.4 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#no sh

二、配置OSPF

R1

R1#conf t
R1(config)#router ospf 1 
R1(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255  area 0

R2

R2#conf t
R2(config)#router  ospf  1
R2(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0  255.255.255.255 area 0

R3

R2#conf t
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0

R4

R2#conf t
R4(config)#router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0

三、查看DR和BDR

R1，通过show ip ospf neighbor 可以看到R4为DR（192.168.3.1），R3为BDR（192.168.2.1）

R1#show ip ospf neighbor 

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
192.168.1.1       1   2WAY/DROTHER    00:00:32    172.16.0.2      FastEthernet0/0
192.168.2.1       1   FULL/BDR        00:00:38    172.16.0.3      FastEthernet0/0
192.168.3.1       1   FULL/DR         00:00:33    172.16.0.4      FastEthernet0/0

R1，通过命令show ip ospf interface fastEthernet 0/0,查看ospf接口信息。

R1#show ip ospf interface fastEthernet 0/0
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up 
  Internet Address 172.16.0.1/24, Area 0 
  Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.0.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
  Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DROTHER, Priority 1 
  Designated Router (ID) 192.168.3.1, Interface address 172.16.0.4
  Backup Designated router (ID) 192.168.2.1, Interface address 172.16.0.3
  Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
    oob-resync timeout 40
    Hello due in 00:00:03
  Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
  Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
  Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
  Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 1
  Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
  Neighbor Count is 3, Adjacent neighbor count is 2 
    Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.2.1  (Backup Designated Router)
    Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.3.1  (Designated Router)
  Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

四、修改ospf优先级

路由器接口优先级默认我1。
优先级最高就会成为DR，次高成为BDR。
修改R1优先级为100

R1#conf t
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip ospf priority 100

修改R2优先级为90

R2#conf t
R2(config)#interface  fastEthernet 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip ospf priority 90

R1/R2/R3/R4清理ospf缓存,执行clear ip ospf process

R1#clear ip ospf process 
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: yes

重新查看DR和BDR，R1（192.168.0.1）为DR,R2（192.168.1.1）为BDR

R3#show ip ospf neighbor 

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
192.168.0.1     100   FULL/DR         00:00:34    172.16.0.1      FastEthernet0/0
192.168.1.1      90   FULL/BDR        00:00:32    172.16.0.2      FastEthernet0/0
192.168.3.1       1   2WAY/DROTHER    00:00:34    172.16.0.4      FastEthernet0/0