1 AHB Databook 及 DUT(AHB Matrix) 功能解读

ahb databook 阅读

参考 databook : dw_ahb_databook v2.16a

0. Block Diagram

Master/manger up tp 15, slave/subordinate up to 31.

1. Features

The DW_ahb supports the following features:
（实际支持哪些功能，根据实际配置有关）

Part 1：

• Compliance with the AMBA Specification (Rev. 2.0)
• Configuration of DesignWare AHB Lite system
• Configuration of up to 15 managers in a non-AMBA DesignWare Lite system
• Configuration of up to 31 subordinates
• Configuration of data bus width of 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, or 256 bits
• System address width of 32 or 64 bits (地址位宽 32 or 64 bits)
• Configuration of system endianness — Big or little endian; can be controlled by external input or set during configuration of component (支持大小端，可配置)

Part 2：仲裁相关

• Optional arbiter subordinate interface
• Optional internal decoder
• Programmable arbitration scheme 仲裁算法可配置
  • Weighted token
  • Programmable or fixed priority
  • Fair-Among-Equals （== ？？？==）
• Arbitration for up to 15 managers

Part 3：数据传输相关

• Individual grant signals for each manager
• Support for split, burst, and locked transfers
• Optional support for early-burst termination
• Optional support for non-standard Manager ID sideband signal in AHB-Lite Mode
• Configurable support for termination of undefined length bursts by managers of equal or higher priority
• Configurable or programmable priority assignments to managers
• Disabling of managers and protection against self disable
• Optional support for memory remap feature
• Optional support for pausing of the system, immediately or when bus is IDLE
• Contiguous and non-contiguous memory allocation options for subordinates
• External debug mode signals, giving visibility
• Complies with AMBA 5 AHB protocol specification
  • Extended memory types
  • Secure transfers
  • Exclusive transfers
  • Multiple Subordinate Select signals support on a single subordinate interface
  • User Signals support on each channel

2. 三种仲裁机制

2.1 仲裁算法框图

2.2 仲裁机制说明

• Programmable arbitration scheme 仲裁算法可配置
  • First Tier Arbitrition
    • Programmable or fixed priority
    • 固定优先级
  • Second Tier Arbitrition
    • Fair-Among-Equals
    • This algorithm compares each manager at every clock cycle. When a manager is granted access to the bus, DW_ahb holds the grant for two clock cycles (providing hready is high). Then it checks which manager is requesting access and re-arbitration occurs.
  • extention of the default-arbitration-scheme (first-and-second-tiers) (optional)
    • Weighted token (optional)
    • 与前面两个仲裁机制，配合使用
    • DUT 中没有配，不支持；当多个 master 在等待时，可以用到 weighted token
    • 使用场景： 配合 priority 使用，避免高优先级的一直占用。

3. default master v.s. dummy master ? (TO-DO)

matrix 上没有 master 请求访问时， hgrant 指定给 default master.
dummy master ?

4. timing diagram 参考 AHB 协议

DUT 功能

0. ahb matrix 使用场景

简单的使用 ahb matrix, 复杂的使用 NoC

1. DUT Features（通过 CoreConsultant 配置）

The DW_ahb supports the following features:
（实际支持哪些功能，根据实际配置有关）

Part 1：

• Compliance with the AMBA Specification (Rev. 2.0)
• Configuration of DesignWare AHB Lite system
• Configuration of up to 15 managers in a non-AMBA DesignWare Lite system
• Configuration of up to 31 subordinates
• 数据位宽 32 bits
• 地址位宽 32 bits
• 小端模式 Configuration of system endianness — little endian

Part 1+: slave memory region 的配置

• slave memory region 配置
  • 不支持 split
  • 只支持 normal mode; 不支持 boot mode

Part 2：仲裁相关

• Optional arbiter subordinate interface
• 比较重要的功能，与 memory map 相关，Optional internal decoder
• Programmable arbitration scheme 仲裁算法可配置
  • Weighted token
  • Programmable or fixed priority
  • Fair-Among-Equals （== TO-DO==）
• Arbitration for up to 15 managers

Part 3：数据传输相关

• Individual grant signals for each manager
• Support for split, burst, and locked transfers
• 支持 early-burst-termination (EBT)
  • 场景：发现有 master 长期占用需要中断，各种需要提前中断传输的场景
  • 通过软件或硬件去触发 EBT
    • 相关寄存器（软件层面）： AHB_EBTCOUNT, AHB_EBT_EN
    • 端口（硬件层面）：无 input 信号线
• Optional support for non-standard Manager ID sideband signal in AHB-Lite Mode
• Configurable support for termination of undefined length bursts by managers of equal or higher priority
• Configurable or programmable priority assignments to managers
• Disabling of managers and protection against self disable
• Optional support for memory remap feature
• Optional support for pausing of the system, immediately or when bus is IDLE
• Contiguous and non-contiguous memory allocation options for subordinates
• External debug mode signals, giving visibility
• Complies with AMBA 5 AHB protocol specification
  • Extended memory types
  • Secure transfers
  • Exclusive transfers
  • Multiple Subordinate Select signals support on a single subordinate interface
  • User Signals support on each channel

Part 4

• default master ： 可通过寄存器配置（没有使用 hard-coded master）
• default slave: 如果访问的区域，都没有 slave；会使用 default slave.
• pause mode : matrix 处于 pause mode 时，不响应任何请求。DUT 配置为可以支持 pause mode；然后，可以通过端口，配置 pause mode bit 位。
• delayed pause: DUT 配置为可以支持 pause mode；pause signal 如果拉高时，整个matrix 不是立即停下来，会等待所有数据发完，再进入 pause mode.
• full incrementing bursts （optinal）：如果支持，EBT 不会中断 unspecified length 传输； DUT 配置为 不支持。

Part 5. Memory Map TO-DO (AHB-RAM)

• remap:
• Boot Mode and Normal Mode
• ROM and SRAM

2. DUT 的仲裁机制

• Programmable arbitration scheme 仲裁算法可配置
  • First Tier Arbitrition
    • Programmable or fixed priority
    • 固定优先级
  • Second Tier Arbitrition
    • Fair-Among-Equals
    • This algorithm compares each manager at every clock cycle. When a manager is granted access to the bus, DW_ahb holds the grant for two clock cycles (providing hready is high). Then it checks which manager is requesting access and re-arbitration occurs.
  • extention of the default-arbitration-scheme (first-and-second-tiers) (optional)
    • 不支持 Weighted token (optional)
    • 可以检测是否：高优先级的一直占用 bus