C#完整的通信代码(点对点,点对多,同步,异步,UDP,TCP)

C# code

namespace UDPServer

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            int recv;

            byte[] data = new byte[1024];

            //构建TCP 服务器

            //得到本机IP,设置TCP端口号         

            IPEndPoint ipep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any , 8001);

            Socket newsock = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram , ProtocolType.Udp);

            //绑定网络地址

            newsock.Bind(ipep);

            Console.WriteLine("This is a Server, host name is {0}",Dns.GetHostName());

            //等待客户机连接

            Console.WriteLine("Waiting for a client...");

            //得到客户机IP

            IPEndPoint sender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);

            EndPoint Remote = (EndPoint)(sender);

            recv = newsock.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);

            Console .WriteLine ("Message received from {0}: ", Remote.ToString ());

            Console .WriteLine (Encoding .ASCII .GetString (data ,0,recv ));

            //客户机连接成功后,发送欢迎信息

            string welcome = "Welcome ! ";

            //字符串与字节数组相互转换

            data  = Encoding .ASCII .GetBytes (welcome );

            //发送信息

            newsock .SendTo (data ,data.Length ,SocketFlags .None ,Remote );

            while (true )

            {

                data =new byte [1024];

                //发送接受信息

                recv =newsock.ReceiveFrom(data ,ref Remote);

                Console .WriteLine (Encoding .ASCII .GetString (data ,0,recv));

                newsock .SendTo (data ,recv ,SocketFlags .None ,Remote );

            }

        }

        }

    }

C# code
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
namespace UDPClient
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            byte[] data = new byte[1024];
            string input ,stringData;
            //构建TCP 服务器
            Console.WriteLine("This is a Client, host name is {0}", Dns.GetHostName());
            //设置服务IP,设置TCP端口号
            IPEndPoint ipep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress .Parse ("127.0.0.1") , 8001);
            //定义网络类型,数据连接类型和网络协议UDP
            Socket server = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
            string welcome = "Hello! ";
            data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(welcome);
            server.SendTo(data, data.Length, SocketFlags.None, ipep);
            IPEndPoint sender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
            EndPoint Remote = (EndPoint)sender;
            data = new byte[1024];
            int recv = server.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);
            Console.WriteLine("Message received from {0}: ", Remote.ToString());
            Console.WriteLine(Encoding .ASCII .GetString (data,0,recv));
            while (true)
            {
                input = Console .ReadLine ();
                if (input =="exit")
                    break ;
                server .SendTo (Encoding .ASCII .GetBytes (input ),Remote );
                data = new byte [1024];
                recv = server.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);
                stringData = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(data, 0, recv);
                Console.WriteLine(stringData);
            }
            Console .WriteLine ("Stopping Client.");
            server .Close ();            
        }
        }
    }

C# code
TCPClient
TCPClient 类提供了一种使用 TCP 协议连接到某个端点的简化方法。它还通过 NetworkStream 对象展现在连接过程中读取或写入的数据。请参见下面从 QuickStart 文档中摘录的日期/时间客户机示例。
使用 C# 编写
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
class Client
{
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
TCPClient tcpc = new TCPClient();
Byte[] read = new Byte[32];
if (args.Length != 1)
{
Console.WriteLine(“请在命令行中指定服务器名称”);
return;
}
String server = args[0];
// 验证服务器是否存在
if (DNS.GetHostByName(server) == null)
{
Console.WriteLine(“找不到服务器:” + 服务器);
return;
}
// 尝试连接到服务器
if (tcpc.Connect(server, 13) == -1)
{
Console.WriteLine(“无法连接到服务器:” + 服务器);
return;
}
// 获取流
Stream s = tcpc.GetStream();
// 读取流并将它转换为 ASCII 码形式
int bytes = s.Read(read, 0, read.Length);
String Time = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(read);
// 显示数据
Console.WriteLine(“已接收到的” + 字节 + “字节”);
Console.WriteLine(“当前日期和时间是:” + 时间);
tcpc.Close();
}
}
TCPListener
TCPListener 类便于在来自某个客户机的 TCP 连接的特定套接字上进行侦听的工作。请参见下面包括在 QuickStart 文档中的日期/时间服务器示例。
使用 C# 编写
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
class Server
{
public static void Main()
{
DateTime now;
String strDateLine;
Encoding ASCII = Encoding.ASCII;
// 在端口 13 进行侦听
TCPListener tcpl = new TCPListener(13);
tcpl.Start();
Console.WriteLine(“正在等待客户进行连接”);
Console.WriteLine(“请按 Ctrl+c 退出...”);
while (true)
{
// 接收会阻塞,直到有人连接上
Socket s = tcpl.Accept();
// 获取当前的日期和时间并将它连接成一个字符串
now = DateTime.Now;
strDateLine = now.ToShortDateString() + " " +
now.ToLongTimeString();
// 将该字符串转换成一个字节数组并发送它
Byte[] byteDateLine =
ASCII.GetBytes(strDateLine.ToCharArray());
s.Send(byteDateLine, byteDateLine.Length, 0);
Console.WriteLine(“发送” + strDateLine);
}
}
}

#region "Download: File transfer FROM ftp server" 
        /// <summary> 
        /// Copy a file from FTP server to local 
        /// </summary> 
        /// <param name="sourceFilename">Target filename, if required </param> 
        /// <param name="localFilename">Full path of the local file </param> 
        /// <returns> </returns> 
        /// <remarks>Target can be blank (use same filename), or just a filename 
        /// (assumes current directory) or a full path and filename </remarks> 
        public bool Download(string sourceFilename, string localFilename, bool PermitOverwrite) 
        { 
            //2. determine target file 
            FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(localFilename); 
            return this.Download(sourceFilename, fi, PermitOverwrite); 
        } 
        //Version taking an FtpFileInfo 
        public bool Download(FtpFileInfo file, string localFilename, bool permitOverwrite) 
        { 
            return this.Download(file.FullName, localFilename, permitOverwrite); 
        } 
        //Another version taking FtpFileInfo and FileInfo 
        public bool Download(FtpFileInfo file, FileInfo localFI, bool permitOverwrite) 
        { 
            return this.Download(file.FullName, localFI, permitOverwrite); 
        } 
        //Version taking string/FileInfo 
        public bool Download(string sourceFilename, FileInfo targetFI, bool permitOverwrite) 
        { 
            //1. check target 
            if (targetFI.Exists && !(permitOverwrite)) 
            { 
                throw (new ApplicationException("Target file already exists")); 
            } 
            //2. check source 
            string target; 
            if (sourceFilename.Trim() == "") 
            { 
                throw (new ApplicationException("File not specified")); 
            } 
            else if (sourceFilename.Contains("/")) 
            { 
                //treat as a full path 
                target = AdjustDir(sourceFilename); 
            } 
            else 
            { 
                //treat as filename only, use current directory 
                target = CurrentDirectory + sourceFilename; 
            } 
            string URI = Hostname + target; 
            //3. perform copy 
            System.Net.FtpWebRequest ftp = GetRequest(URI); 
            //Set request to download a file in binary mode 
            ftp.Method = System.Net.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DownloadFile; 
            ftp.UseBinary = true; 
            //open request and get response stream 
            using (FtpWebResponse response = (FtpWebResponse)ftp.GetResponse()) 
            { 
                using (Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream()) 
                { 
                    //loop to read & write to file 
                    using (FileStream fs = targetFI.OpenWrite()) 
                    { 
                        try 
                        { 
                            byte[] buffer = new byte[2048]; 
                            int read = 0; 
                            do 
                            { 
                                read = responseStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 
                                fs.Write(buffer, 0, read); 
                            } while (!(read == 0)); 
                            responseStream.Close(); 
                            fs.Flush(); 
                            fs.Close(); 
                        } 
                        catch (Exception) 
                        { 
                            //catch error and delete file only partially downloaded 
                            fs.Close(); 
                            //delete target file as it's incomplete 
                            targetFI.Delete(); 
                            throw; 
                        } 
                    } 
                    responseStream.Close(); 
                } 
                response.Close(); 
            } 
            return true; 
        } 
        #endregion

简单的UDP收发. 
发送 
C# code
                    try
                    {
                        Socket s = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);  //向此网段发广播包
                          int UDPListenerPort = 8082;
                        IPAddress broadcast = IPAddress.Parse("192.168.0.255"); //此处根据IP及子网掩码改为相应的广播IP
                        string ts = "This is UPD string for sending";
                        byte[] sendbuf = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(ts);
                        IPEndPoint ep = new IPEndPoint(broadcast, UDPListenerPort);
                        s.SendTo(sendbuf, ep);
                    }
                    catch (Exception e)
                    {}
接收 
C# code
           UdpClient listener;
            int UDPListenerPort = 8082;
            IPEndPoint groupEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, UDPListenerPort);
            try
            {
                while (true)
                {
                    byte[] bytes = listener.Receive(ref groupEP);
                    string RecIP = groupEP.ToString().Substring(0, groupEP.ToString().IndexOf(":"));  //收到发送UPD端的IP
                    string RecStr = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);   //收到的UPD字符串
                }
            }
            catch
            {}

C# code 
TCPClient 
TCPClient 类提供了一种使用 TCP 协议连接到某个端点的简化方法。它还通过 NetworkStream 对象展现在连接过程中读取或写入的数据。请参见下面从 QuickStart 文档中摘录的日期/时间客户机示例。 
使用 C# 编写 
using System; 
using System.Net; 
using System.Net.Sockets; 
using System.IO; 
using System.Text; 
class Client 

public static void Main(String[] args) 

TCPClient tcpc = new T…

来一个Remoting的: 
C# code
using System; 
namespace Remotable 

    public class RemotableType : MarshalByRefObject 
    { 
        private string _internalString = "This is the RemotableType."; 
        public string StringMethod() 
        { 
            return _internalString; 
        } 
    } 

using System; 
using System.Runtime.Remoting; 
namespace RemotingFirst 

    public class Listener 
    { 
        public static void Main() 
        { 
            RemotingConfiguration.Configure("Listener.exe.config"); 
            Console.WriteLine("Listening for requests. Press Enter to exit"); 
            Console.ReadLine(); 
        } 
    } 

using System; 
using System.Runtime.Remoting; 
namespace Client 

    public class Client 
    { 
        public static void Main() 
        { 
            RemotingConfiguration.Configure("Client.exe.config"); 
            Remotable.RemotableType remoteObject = new Remotable.RemotableType(); 
            Console.WriteLine(remoteObject.StringMethod()); 
        } 
    } 

Listener.exe.config 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> 
<configuration> 
    <system.runtime.remoting> 
      <application> 
         <service> 
            <wellknown  
               mode="Singleton"  
               type="Remotable.RemotableType, RemotableType"  
               objectUri="RemotableType.rem" 
            /> 
         </service> 
         <channels> 
            <channel ref="http" port="8989"/> 
         </channels> 
      </application> 
    </system.runtime.remoting> 
</configuration>

实只要用到Socket联接,基本上就得使用Thread,是交叉使用的。 
C#封装的Socket用法基本上不算很复杂,只是不知道托管之后的Socket有没有其他性能或者安全上的问题。 
在C#里面能找到的最底层的操作也就是socket了,概念不做解释。 
程序模型如下: 
WinForm程序 : 启动端口侦听;监视Socket联接情况;定期关闭不活动的联接; 
Listener:处理Socket的Accept函数,侦听新链接,建立新Thread来处理这些联接(Connection)。 
Connection:处理具体的每一个联接的会话。 
1:WinForm如何启动一个新的线程来启动Listener: 
      //start the server 
        private void btn_startServer_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
        { 
            //this.btn_startServer.Enabled = false; 
            Thread _createServer = new Thread(new ThreadStart(WaitForConnect)); 
            _createServer.Start(); 
        } 
        //wait all connections 
        private void WaitForConnect() 
        { 
            SocketListener listener = new SocketListener(Convert.ToInt32(this.txt_port.Text)); 
            listener.StartListening(); 
        } 
因为侦听联接是一个循环等待的函数,所以不可能在WinForm的线程里面直接执行,不然Winform也就是无法继续任何操作了,所以才指定一个新的线程来执行这个函数,启动侦听循环。 
这一个新的线程是比较简单的,基本上没有启动的参数,直接指定处理函数就可以了。 
2:Listener如何启动循环侦听,并且启动新的带有参数的线程来处理Socket联接会话。 
先看如何建立侦听:(StartListening函数) 
IPEndPoint localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(_ipAddress, _port); 
        // Create a TCP/IP socket. 
        Socket listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); 
            // Bind the socket to the local endpoint and  listen for incoming connections. 
            try 
            { 
                listener.Bind(localEndPoint); 
                listener.Listen(20);//20 trucks 
                // Start listening for connections. 
                while (true) 
                { 
                  // here will be suspended while waiting for a new connection. 
                    Socket connection = listener.Accept(); 
                    Logger.Log("Connect", connection.RemoteEndPoint.ToString());//log it, new connection 
                …… 
          } 
        }…… 
基本步骤比较简单: 
建立本机的IPEndPoint对象,表示以本机为服务器,在指定端口侦听; 
然后绑定到一个侦听Socket上; 
进入while循环,等待新的联接; 
如果有新的联接,那么建立新的socket来对应这个联接的会话。 
  值得注意的就是这一句联接代码:listener.Accept()。执行这一句的时候,程序就在这个地方等待,直到有新的联检请求的时候程序才会执行下一句。这是同步执行,当然也可以异步执行。 
  新的联接Socket建立了(Accept之后),对于这些新的socket该怎么办呢?他们依然是一个循环等待,所以依然需要建立新的Thread给这些Socket去处理会话(接收/发送消息),而这个Thread就要接收参数了。 
  Thread本身是不能接收参数的,为了让它可以接收参数,可以采用定义新类,添加参数作为属性的方法来解决。 
  因为每一个Socket是一个Connection周期,所以我定义了这么一个类public class Connection。这个类至少有这样一个构造函数public Connection(Socket socket); 之所以这么做,就是为了把Socket参数传给这个Connection对象,然后好让Listener启动这个Thread的时候,Thread可以知道他正在处理哪一个Socket。 
    具体处理的方法:(在Listener的StartListening函数,ocket connection = listener.Accept();之后) 
    Connection gpsCn = new Connection(connection); 
                    //each socket will be wait for data. keep the connection. 
                    Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(gpsCn.WaitForSendData)); 
                    thread.Name = connection.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(); 
                    thread.Start(); 
如此一来,这个新的socket在Accept之后就在新的Thread中运行了。 
  3:Connection的会话处理 
  建立了新的Connection(也就是socket),远程就可以和这个socket进行会话了,无非就是send和receive。 
  现在先看看怎么写的这个线程运行的Connection. WaitForSendData函数 
    while (true) 
            { 
                bytes = new byte[1024]; 
                string data = ""; 
                //systm will be waiting the msg of receive envet. like Accept(); 
                //here will be suspended while waiting for socket income msg. 
                int bytesRec = this._connection.Receive(bytes); 
                _lastConnectTime = DateTime.Now; 
                if (bytesRec == 0)//close envent 
                { 
                    Logger.Log("Close Connection", _connection.RemoteEndPoint.ToString()); 
                    break; 
                } 
                data += Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes, 0, bytesRec); 
                //…….handle your data. 
            } 
可以看到这个处理的基本步骤如下: 
  执行Receive函数,接收远程socket发送的信息; 
  把信息从字节转换到string; 
  处理该信息,然后进入下一个循环,继续等待socket发送新的信息。 
值得注意的有几个: 
  1:Receive函数。这个函数和Listener的Accept函数类似。在这个地方等待执行,如果没有新的消息,这个函数就不会执行下一句,一直等待。 
  2:接收的是字节流,需要转化成字符串 
  3:判断远程关闭联接的方式 
  4:如果对方的消息非常大,还得循环接收这个data。 
4:如何管理这些联接(thread) 
通过上边的程序,基本上可以建立一个侦听,并且处理联接会话。但是如何管理这些thread呢?不然大量产生thread可是一个灾难。 
管理的方法比较简单,在Listener里面我定义了一个静态的哈希表(static public Hashtable Connections=new Hashtable();),存储Connection实例和它对应的Thread实例。而connection中也加入了一个最后联接时间的定义(private DateTime _lastConnectTime;)。在新链接建立的时候(Listener的Accept()之后)就把Connection实例和Thread实例存到哈希表中;在Connection的Receive的时候修改最后联接时间。这样我们就可以知道该Connection在哪里,并且会话是否活跃。 
然后在Winform程序里头可以管理这些会话了,设置设置超时。

在网络环境下,我们最感兴趣的两个命名空间是System.Net和 System.Net.Sockets。System.Net命名空间通常与较高程的操作有关,例如download或upload,试用HTTP和其他协议进行Web请求等等,而System.Net.Sockets命名空间所包含的类通常与较低程的操作有关。如果要直接使用Sockets或者 TCP/IP之类的协议,这个命名空间的类是非常有用的。 
  在.Net中,System.Net.Sockets 命名空间为需要严密控制网络访问的开发人员提供了 Windows Sockets (Winsock) 接口的托管实现。System.Net 命名空间中的所有其他网络访问类都建立在该套接字Socket实现之上,如TCPClient、TCPListener 和 UDPClient 类封装有关创建到 Internet 的 TCP 和 UDP 连接的详细信息;NetworkStream类则提供用于网络访问的基础数据流等,常见的许多Internet服务都可以见到Socket的踪影,如 Telnet、Http、Email、Echo等,这些服务尽管通讯协议Protocol的定义不同,但是其基础的传输都是采用的Socket。 
  其实,Socket可以象流Stream一样被视为一个数据通道,这个通道架设在应用程序端(客户端)和远程服务器端之间,而后,数据的读取(接收)和写入(发送)均针对这个通道来进行。 
  可见,在应用程序端或者服务器端创建了Socket对象之后,就可以使用Send/SentTo方法将数据发送到连接的Socket,或者使用Receive/ReceiveFrom方法接收来自连接Socket的数据。 
  针对Socket编程,.NET 框架的 Socket 类是 Winsock32 API 提供的套接字服务的托管代码版本。其中为实现网络编程提供了大量的方法,大多数情况下,Socket 类方法只是将数据封送到它们的本机 Win32 副本中并处理任何必要的安全检查。如果你熟悉Winsock API函数,那么用Socket类编写网络程序会非常容易,当然,如果你不曾接触过,也不会太困难,跟随下面的解说,你会发觉使用Socket类开发 windows 网络应用程序原来有规可寻,它们在大多数情况下遵循大致相同的步骤。 
  在使用之前,你需要首先创建Socket对象的实例,这可以通过Socket类的构造方法来实现: 
public Socket(AddressFamily addressFamily,SocketType socketType,ProtocolType protocolType); 
  其中,addressFamily 参数指定 Socket 使用的寻址方案,socketType 参数指定 Socket 的类型,protocolType 参数指定 Socket 使用的协议。 
  下面的示例语句创建一个 Socket,它可用于在基于 TCP/IP 的网络(如 Internet)上通讯。 
Socket temp = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); 
  若要使用 UDP 而不是 TCP,需要更改协议类型,如下面的示例所示: 
Socket temp = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp); 
  一旦创建 Socket,在客户端,你将可以通过Connect方法连接到指定的服务器,并通过Send/SendTo方法向远程服务器发送数据,而后可以通过 Receive/ReceiveFrom从服务端接收数据;而在服务器端,你需要使用Bind方法绑定所指定的接口使Socket与一个本地终结点相联,并通过Listen方法侦听该接口上的请求,当侦听到用户端的连接时,调用Accept完成连接的操作,创建新的Socket以处理传入的连接请求。使用完 Socket 后,记住使用 Shutdown 方法禁用 Socket,并使用 Close 方法关闭 Socket。 
  可以看出,以上许多方法包含EndPoint类型的参数,在Internet中,TCP/IP 使用一个网络地址和一个服务端口号来唯一标识设备。网络地址标识网络上的特定设备;端口号标识要连接到的该设备上的特定服务。网络地址和服务端口的组合称为终结点,在 .NET 框架中正是由 EndPoint 类表示这个终结点,它提供表示网络资源或服务的抽象,用以标志网络地址等信息。.Net同时也为每个受支持的地址族定义了 EndPoint 的子代;对于 IP 地址族,该类为 IPEndPoint。IPEndPoint 类包含应用程序连接到主机上的服务所需的主机和端口信息,通过组合服务的主机IP地址和端口号,IPEndPoint 类形成到服务的连接点。 
  用到IPEndPoint类的时候就不可避免地涉及到计算机IP地址,System.Net命名空间中有两种类可以得到IP地址实例: 
  IPAddress类:IPAddress 类包含计算机在 IP 网络上的地址。其Parse方法可将 IP 地址字符串转换为 IPAddress 实例。下面的语句创建一个 IPAddress 实例: 
IPAddress myIP = IPAddress.Parse("192.168.0.1"); 
  Dns 类:向使用 TCP/IP Internet 服务的应用程序提供域名服务。其Resolve 方法查询 DNS 服务器以将用户友好的域名(如"host.mydomain.com")映射到数字形式的 Internet 地址(如 192.168.0.1)。Resolve方法 返回一个 IPHostEnty 实例,该实例包含所请求名称的地址和别名的列表。大多数情况下,可以使用 AddressList 数组中返回的第一个地址。下面的代码获取一个 IPAddress 实例,该实例包含服务器 host.mydomain.com 的 IP 地址。 
IPHostEntry ipHostInfo = Dns.Resolve("host.mydomain.com "); 
IPAddress ipAddress = ipHostInfo.AddressList[0]; 
  你也可以使用GetHostName方法得到IPHostEntry实例: 
IPHosntEntry hostInfo=Dns.GetHostByName("host.mydomain.com ") 
  在使用以上方法时,你将可能需要处理以下几种异常: 
  SocketException异常:访问Socket时操作系统发生错误引发 
  ArgumentNullException异常:参数为空引用引发 
  ObjectDisposedException异常:Socket已经关闭引发 
  在掌握上面得知识后,下面的代码将该服务器主机( host.mydomain.com的 IP 地址与端口号组合,以便为连接创建远程终结点: 
IPEndPoint ipe = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress,11000); 
  确定了远程设备的地址并选择了用于连接的端口后,应用程序可以尝试建立与远程设备的连接。下面的示例使用现有的 IPEndPoint 实例与远程设备连接,并捕获可能引发的异常: 
try 

temp.Connect(ipe);//尝试连接 

//处理参数为空引用异常 
catch(ArgumentNullException ae) 

Console.WriteLine("ArgumentNullException : {0}", ae.ToString()); 

//处理操作系统异常 
catch(SocketException se) 

Console.WriteLine("SocketException : {0}", se.ToString()); 

  需要知道的是:Socket 类支持两种基本模式:同步和异步。其区别在于:在同步模式中,对执行网络操作的函数(如 Send 和 Receive)的调用一直等到操作完成后才将控制返回给调用程序。在异步模式中,这些调用立即返回。 
综合运用以上阐述的使用Visual C#进行Socket网络程序开发的知识,下面的程序是一个简单的Socket通讯实例,client向server发送一段测试字符串,server接收并显示出来,给予client成功相应。 
//client端 
using System; 
using System.Text; 
using System.IO; 
using System.Net; 
using System.Net.Sockets; 
namespace socketsample 

 class Class1 
 { 
  static void Main() 
  { 
   try 
   { 
    int port = 2000; 
    string host = "127.0.0.1"; 
    IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(host); 
    IPEndPoint ipe = new IPEndPoint(ip, port); 
    Socket c = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); 
    c.Connect(ipe); 
    string sendStr = "hello!This is a socket test"; 
    byte[] bs = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sendStr); 
    c.Send(bs, bs.Length, 0); 
    string recvStr = ""; 
    byte[] recvBytes = new byte[1024]; 
    int bytes; 
    bytes = c.Receive(recvBytes, recvBytes.Length, 0); 
    recvStr += Encoding.ASCII.GetString(recvBytes, 0, bytes); 
    Console.WriteLine(recvStr); 
    c.Close(); 
   } 
   catch (ArgumentNullException e) 
   { 
    Console.WriteLine("ArgumentNullException: {0}", e); 
   } 
   catch (SocketException e) 
   { 
    Console.WriteLine("SocketException: {0}", e); 
   } 
   Console.ReadLine(); 
  } 
 } 

//server端 
using System; 
using System.Text; 
using System.IO; 
using System.Net; 
using System.Net.Sockets; 
namespace Project1 

 class Class2 
 { 
  static void Main() 
  { 
   try 
   { 
    int port = 2000; 
    string host = "127.0.0.1"; 
    IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(host); 
    IPEndPoint ipe = new IPEndPoint(ip, port); 
    Socket s = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); 
    s.Bind(ipe); 
    s.Listen(0); 
    Socket temp = s.Accept(); 
    string recvStr = ""; 
    byte[] recvBytes = new byte[1024]; 
    int bytes; 
    bytes = temp.Receive(recvBytes, recvBytes.Length, 0); 
    recvStr += Encoding.ASCII.GetString(recvBytes, 0, bytes); 
    Console.WriteLine(recvStr); 
    string sendStr = "Ok!Sucess!"; 
    byte[] bs = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sendStr); 
    temp.Send(bs, bs.Length, 0); 
    temp.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both); 
    temp.Close(); 
    s.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both); 
    s.Close(); 
   } 
   catch (ArgumentNullException e) 
   { 
    Console.WriteLine("ArgumentNullException: {0}", e); 
   } 
   catch (SocketException e) 
   { 
    Console.WriteLine("SocketException: {0}", e); 
   } 
   Console.ReadLine(); 
  } 
 } 

  以上程序在VS Express 2005 .Net2.0环境下测试通过。

C#UDP的多路广播组的发送和接收 
下列范例使用 UdpClient,在通讯端口11000传送UDP 资料包至多点传送位址群组 224.268.100.2。它传送命令列上指定的信息字串。  
C# code 
using System;  
using System.Net;  
using System.Net.Sockets;  
using System.Text;  
public class UDPMulticastSender {  
private static IPAddress GroupAddress =  
IPAddress.Parse("224.168.100.2");  
private static int GroupPort = 11000;  
private static void Send( String message) {  
UdpClient sender = new UdpClient();  
IPEndPoint groupEP = new IPEndPoint(GroupAddress,GroupPort);  
try {  
Console.WriteLine("Sending datagram : {0}", message);  
byte[] bytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(message);  
sender.Send(bytes, bytes.Length, groupEP);  
sender.Close();  
} catch (Exception e) {  
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());  
}  
}  
public static int Main(String[] args) {  
Send(args[0]);  
return 0;  
}  
}  

下列范例使用 UdpClient,在通讯端口  11000  监听广播到多点传送位址群组 224.168.100.2 的 UDP  资料包。它接收信息字串,并將信息写入主控台 (Console)。  

C# code

using System;  

using System.Net;  

using System.Net.Sockets;  

using System.Text;  

public class UDPMulticastListener {  

private static readonly IPAddress GroupAddress =  

IPAddress.Parse("224.168.100.2");  

private const int GroupPort = 11000;  

private static void StartListener() {  

bool done = false;  

UdpClient listener = new UdpClient();  

IPEndPoint groupEP = new IPEndPoint(GroupAddress,GroupPort);  

try {  

listener.JoinMulticastGroup(GroupAddress);  

listener.Connect(groupEP);  

while (!done) {  

Console.WriteLine("Waiting for broadcast");  

byte[] bytes = listener.Receive( ref groupEP);  

Console.WriteLine("Received broadcast from {0} :/n {1}/n",  

groupEP.ToString(),  

Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes,0,bytes.Length));  

}  

listener.Close();  

} catch (Exception e) {  

Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());  

}  

}  

public static int Main(String[] args) {  

StartListener();  

return 0;  

}  

}

using System;  

using System.Net;  

using System.Net.Sockets;  

using System.Text;  

public class UDPMulticastSender {  

private static IPAddress GroupAddress =  

IPAddress.Parse("224.168.100.2");  

private static int GroupPort = 11000;  

private static void Send( String message) {  

UdpClient sender = new UdpClient();  

IPEndPoint groupEP = new IPEndPoint(GroupAddress,GroupPort);  

try {  

Console.WriteLine("Sending datagram : {0}", message);  

byte[] bytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(message);  

sender.Send(bytes, bytes.Length, groupEP);  

sender.Close();  

} catch (Exception e) {  

Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());  

}  

}  

public static int Main(String[] args) {  

Send(args[0]);  

return 0;  

}  

}

C# code

try

                {

                    UdpClient udp=new UdpClient(new IPEndPoint(ipAddress,startPort+i));

                    udp.Close();                    

                    unUsedPort=startPort+i;

                    break;

                }

                catch

                {

                }

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Collections;

using System.Collections.Specialized;

using System.Threading;

using System.Net.Sockets;

using System.Net;

using System.Runtime.Serialization;

using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

using System.IO;

namespace 聊天工具服务器

{

    public partial class FormMain : Form

    {

        public FormMain()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

        }

        #region 字段定义

        /// <summary>

        /// 服务器程序使用的端口,默认为8888

        /// </summary>

        private int _port = 8888;

        /// <summary>

        /// 接收数据缓冲区大小2K

        /// </summary>

        private const int _maxPacket =2 * 1024;

        /// <summary>

        /// 服务器端的监听器

        /// </summary>

        private TcpListener _tcpl = null;

        Thread _receiveThread;

        /// <summary>

        /// 保存所有客户端会话的哈希表

        /// </summary>

        private Hashtable _transmit_tb = new Hashtable();

        /// <summary>

        /// 当前文件路径

        /// </summary>

        string MyPath = null;

        /// <summary>

        /// 用户基本信息表,包括UserName,UserPwd,UserNich,UserImg,ZX,UserIp

        /// </summary>

        DataTable TabUser = new DataTable();

        /// <summary>

        /// 用户消息表,保存用户不在线时的消息

        /// </summary>

        DataTable TabUserMessage = new DataTable();

        #endregion

        /// <summary>

        /// 序列化在线列表,向客户端返回序列化后的字节数组

        /// </summary>

        /// <returns>序列化后的字节数组 </returns>

        private byte[] SerializeOnlineList()

        {

            StringCollection onlineList = new StringCollection();

            foreach (object o in _transmit_tb.Keys)

            {

                onlineList.Add(o as string);

            }

            IFormatter format = new BinaryFormatter();

            MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();

            format.Serialize(stream, onlineList);

            byte[] ret = stream.ToArray();

            stream.Close();

            return ret;

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 序列化好友列表,向客户端返回序列化后的datatable

        /// </summary>

        /// <returns>序列化后的字节数组 </returns>

        private bool SerializeFriendList(object obj, Socket clientSkt)

        {

            DataTable TabmyFriend = new DataTable();

            TabmyFriend.TableName = obj as string;

            try {

                TabmyFriend.ReadXml(MyPath + "//UserFriend//" + TabmyFriend.TableName + ".xml");

                TabmyFriend.Columns.Add("UserImg", typeof(String));

                TabmyFriend.Columns.Add("UserNich", typeof(String));

                TabmyFriend.Columns.Add("ZX", typeof(Boolean));

                TabmyFriend.Columns.Add("UserIp", typeof(String));

                foreach (DataRow myrow in TabmyFriend.Rows)

                {

                    DataRow[] DataRows = TabUser.Select(" UserName = '" + myrow["UserName"].ToString() + "'");

                    if (DataRows.Length > 0)

                    {

                        myrow["UserImg"] = DataRows[0]["UserImg"].ToString();

                        myrow["UserNich"] = DataRows[0]["UserNich"].ToString();

                      try

                      {

                            myrow["ZX"] = (bool)DataRows[0]["ZX"];

                            myrow["UserIp"] = DataRows[0]["UserIp"].ToString();

                      }   

                      catch

                        {

                            myrow["ZX"] = false;

                            myrow["UserIp"] = "";

                        }

                    }

                }

            }

            catch

            {

                TabmyFriend.Columns.Add("UserName", typeof(String));

                TabmyFriend.Columns.Add("UserImg", typeof(String));

                TabmyFriend.Columns.Add("ZX", typeof(Boolean));

                TabmyFriend.Columns.Add("UserIp", typeof(String));

            }

            IFormatter format = new BinaryFormatter();

            MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();

            format.Serialize(stream, TabmyFriend);

            stream.Position = 0;

            byte[] ret = new byte[_maxPacket];

            int count = 0;

            count = stream.Read(ret, 0, _maxPacket);

            //先发送响应信号,用户客户机的判断

            clientSkt.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("cmd::RequestFriendList"));

            while (count >0)

            {

                clientSkt.Send(ret);

                count =  stream.Read(ret, 0, _maxPacket);

              }

            //发送结束信号

              clientSkt.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("Find::RequestFriendListEnd"));  

              stream.Close();

            return true ;

        }

        private void FormMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            MyPath = Application.StartupPath;

            Read_User();

            ReadTabUserMessage();

            _receiveThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(StartUp));

            _receiveThread.Start();

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 读取所有用户信息

        /// </summary>

        private void Read_User()

        {

            try

            {

                TabUser.ReadXml(MyPath + "//User.xml");

            }

            catch

            {

                TabUser.TableName = "User";

                TabUser.Columns.Add("UserName", typeof(String));

                TabUser.Columns.Add("UserPwd", typeof(String));

                TabUser.Columns.Add("UserNich", typeof(String));

                TabUser.Columns.Add("UserImg", typeof(String));

            }

            TabUser.Columns.Add("ZX", typeof(Boolean));

            TabUser.Columns.Add("UserIp", typeof(String));

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 新用户上/下线后,更新其好友的(好友列表)

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="UserName"> </param>

        /// <param name="OnLine"> </param>

        /// <param name="IpAddress"> </param>

        private void UpdateFriendList(string UserName, bool OnLine, string IpAddress)

        {

            DataTable TabmyFriend = new DataTable();

            TabmyFriend.TableName = UserName;

            string svrlog = null;

            string []UserInformation = new string[2];//UserName + "$" + IpAddress;

            UserInformation[0] = UserName;

            UserInformation[1] = IpAddress;

            IFormatter format = new BinaryFormatter();

            MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();

            format.Serialize(stream, UserInformation);

            byte[] ret = stream.ToArray();

            stream.Close();

            if (OnLine)

            {

                svrlog = "cmd::RequestAddFriendList";

            }

            else

            {

                svrlog = "cmd::RequestRemoveFriendList";

                DataRow[] DataRows = TabUser.Select(" UserName = '" + UserName + "'");

                if (DataRows.Length > 0)

                {

                    DataRows[0]["ZX"] = false;

                    DataRows[0]["UserIp"] = "";

                }

            }

            try

            {

                TabmyFriend.ReadXml(MyPath + "//UserFriend//" + TabmyFriend.TableName + ".xml");

                foreach (DataRow myrow in TabmyFriend.Rows)

                {

                    if(_transmit_tb.ContainsKey(myrow["UserName"].ToString()))

                    {

                        Socket _clientSkt = _transmit_tb[myrow["UserName"].ToString()] as Socket;

                      _clientSkt.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(svrlog));

                      _clientSkt.Send(ret);

                    }

                }

            }

            catch

            { }

        }

[code=C#][/code /// <summary>

        /// 线程执行体,转发消息

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="obj">传递给线程执行体的用户名,用以与用户通信 </param>

        private void ThreadFunc(object obj)

        {

            //通过转发表得到当前用户套接字

            Socket clientSkt = _transmit_tb[obj] as Socket;

          //主循环

            while (true)

            {

                try

                {

                    //接受第一个数据包。

                    //由于程序逻辑结构简单,所以在这里对客户机发送的第一个包内容作逐一判断,

                    //这里的实现不够优雅,但不失为此简单模型的一个解决之道。

                    byte[] packetBuff = new byte[_maxPacket];

                    clientSkt.Receive(packetBuff);

                    string _str = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(packetBuff).TrimEnd('/0');

                    //如果是发给不在线好友的信息

                    if (_str.StartsWith("cmd::FriendMessage"))

                    {

                        string UserName = _str.Substring("cmd::FriendMessage".Length, 20).Trim();

                        string MessageS = _str.Substring("cmd::FriendMessage".Length + 20, _str.Length - "cmd::FriendMessage".Length - 20);

                        SaveMessage(obj as string, UserName, MessageS);

                        continue;

                    }

                    //如果是离线请求

                    if (_str.StartsWith("cmd::RequestLogout"))

                    {

                        _transmit_tb.Remove(obj);

                        UpdateFriendList((string)obj, false, "");

                      //  string svrlog = string.Format("[系统消息]用户 {0} 在 {1} 已断开... 当前在线人数: {2}/r/n/r/n", obj, DateTime.Now, _transmit_tb.Count);

                      //  Console.WriteLine(svrlog);

                        //向所有客户机发送系统消息

                        //foreach (DictionaryEntry de in _transmit_tb)

                        //{

                        //    string _clientName = de.Key as string;

                        //    Socket _clientSkt = de.Value as Socket;

                        //    _clientSkt.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(svrlog));

                        //}

                        Thread.CurrentThread.Abort();

                    }

                    //如果是请求好友列表

                    if (_str.StartsWith("cmd::RequestFriendList"))

                    {

                        SerializeFriendList(obj, clientSkt);                     

                        // 将该用户不在线时的信息发送给用户

                        DataTable TabMessage = ReadMessage(obj as string);

                        if (TabMessage != null)

                        {

                            foreach (DataRow myrow in TabMessage.Rows)

                            {

                                if (myrow["SendUserName"].ToString() == "System::Message")

                                {

                                    clientSkt.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(myrow["Message"].ToString()));

                                }

                                else

                                {

                                    clientSkt.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("cmd::FriendMessage" + myrow["SendUserName"].ToString().PadRight(20, ' ') + myrow["Message"].ToString()));

                                }

                            }

                        }

                        //这里不需要再继续接受后继数据包了,跳出当前循环体。

                        continue;

                    }

                    如果是请求好友列表

                    //if (_str.StartsWith("cmd::RequestOnLineList"))

                    //{

                    //    byte[] onlineBuff = SerializeOnlineList();

                    //    //先发送响应信号,用户客户机的判断

                    //    clientSkt.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("cmd::RequestOnLineList"));

                    //    clientSkt.Send(onlineBuff);

                    //    //这里不需要再继续接受后继数据包了,跳出当前循环体。

                    //    continue;

                    //}

                    //查找用户

                    if (_str.StartsWith("Find::FindFriend"))

                    {

                        DataTable TabFind = TabUser.Clone();

                        DataRow [] FindRow =null  ;

                        string UserName = _str.Substring("Find::FindFriend".Length, _str.Length - "Find::FindFriend".Length);

                        if (UserName.Equals("Find::WhoOnLine"))

                        { //看谁在线

                            FindRow = TabUser.Select(" ZX = 1");

                        }

                        else//精确查找

                        {

                            FindRow = TabUser.Select("UserName = '" + UserName + "'");

                        }

                        foreach (DataRow myrow in FindRow)

                        {

                            TabFind.ImportRow(myrow);

                        }

                        clientSkt.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("Find::FindFriend"));

                        IFormatter format = new BinaryFormatter();

                        MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();

                        format.Serialize(stream, TabFind);

                        stream.Position = 0;

                        byte[] ret = new byte[_maxPacket];

                        int count = 0;

                        count = stream.Read(ret, 0, _maxPacket);

                        while (count >0)

                        {

                            clientSkt.Send(ret);

                          count =  stream.Read(ret, 0, _maxPacket);

                        }

                        clientSkt.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("Find::FindFriendEnd"));  

                        stream.Close();

                        TabFind = null;

                        FindRow = null;

//这里不需要再继续接受后继数据包了,跳出当前循环体。

                        continue;

                    }

                    //请求添加好友

                    if (_str.StartsWith("Find::AddFriendAsk"))

                    {

                        string UserName = _str.Substring("Find::AddFriendAsk".Length, _str.Length - "Find::AddFriendAsk".Length);

                        //通过转发表查找接收方的套接字

                        if (_transmit_tb.Count != 0 && _transmit_tb.ContainsKey(UserName))

                        {

                            Socket receiverSkt = _transmit_tb[UserName] as Socket;

                            receiverSkt.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("Find::AddFriendAsk" + obj as string));

                        }

                        //这里不需要再继续接受后继数据包了,跳出当前循环体。

                        continue;

                    }

                    //回复答应添加好友

                    if (_str.StartsWith("Find::AddFriendYes"))

                    {

                        string UserName = _str.Substring("Find::AddFriendYes".Length, _str.Length - "Find::AddFriendYes".Length);

                      保存数据

                        DataTable TabmyFriend = new DataTable() ;

                        //保存该用户

                        TabmyFriend.ReadXml(MyPath + "//UserFriend//" +  obj as string + ".xml");

                        DataRow newRow = TabmyFriend.NewRow();

                        newRow["UserName"] = UserName;

                        TabmyFriend.Rows.Add(newRow);

                        TabmyFriend.WriteXml(MyPath + "//UserFriend//" + obj as string + ".xml", XmlWriteMode.WriteSchema, false);

                        //保存其好友

                        TabmyFriend = new DataTable();

                        TabmyFriend.ReadXml(MyPath + "//UserFriend//" + UserName + ".xml");

                        DataRow newRow1 = TabmyFriend.NewRow();

                        newRow1["UserName"] = obj as string;

                        TabmyFriend.Rows.Add(newRow1);

                        TabmyFriend.WriteXml(MyPath + "//UserFriend//" + UserName + ".xml", XmlWriteMode.WriteSchema, false);

                        TabmyFriend = null;

              //更新好友列表

                        SerializeFriendList(obj, clientSkt);

上面发了服务器端,没发客户端,现在补上!不知道写的好不好,见笑了

C# code

public partial class Form1 : Form

    {

        private TcpClient client;

        private bool isExit = false;

        private NetworkStream networkStream;

        private EventWaitHandle allDone = new EventWaitHandle(false, EventResetMode.ManualReset);

        #region 用于一个线程操作另一个线程的控件

        private delegate void SetListBoxCallback(string str);

        private SetListBoxCallback setListBoxCallBack;

        private delegate void SetRichTextBoxCallback(string str);

        private SetRichTextBoxCallback setRichTextBoxCallBack;

        #endregion

        public Form1()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

            listBoxStatus.HorizontalScrollbar = true;

            setListBoxCallBack = new SetListBoxCallback(SetListBox);

            setRichTextBoxCallBack = new SetRichTextBoxCallback(SetReceiveText);

        }

        //状态显示

        private void SetListBox(string str)

        {

            listBoxStatus.Items.Add(str);

            listBoxStatus.SelectedIndex = listBoxStatus.Items.Count - 1;

            listBoxStatus.ClearSelected();

        }

        //接收客户端信息

        private void SetReceiveText(string str)

        {

            richTextBoxReceive.AppendText(str);

        }

        //连接服务器....

        private void buttonConnet_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            client = new TcpClient(AddressFamily.InterNetwork);

            //得到服务器IP

            IPAddress ip= IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");

            //创建一个委托,并知名在异步操作完成时执行的方法

            AsyncCallback callback = new AsyncCallback(RequestCallBack);

            allDone.Reset();

            client.BeginConnect(ip, 7100, RequestCallBack, client);

        }

        private void RequestCallBack(IAsyncResult ar)

        {

            allDone.Set();

            try

            {

                client = (TcpClient)ar.AsyncState;

                client.EndConnect(ar);

                listBoxStatus.Invoke(setListBoxCallBack, string.Format("与服务器{0}连接成功", client.Client.RemoteEndPoint));

                networkStream = client.GetStream();

                ReadObject readObject = new ReadObject(networkStream, client.ReceiveBufferSize);

                networkStream.BeginRead(readObject.bytes, 0, readObject.bytes.Length, ReadCallBack, readObject);

            }

            catch (Exception e1)

            {

                listBoxStatus.Invoke(setListBoxCallBack, e1.Message);

                return;

            }

        }

        //异步操作完成时执行的回调调用的方法

        private void ReadCallBack(IAsyncResult ar)

        {

            try

            {

                ReadObject ro = (ReadObject)ar.AsyncState;

                int count = ro.netStream.EndRead(ar);

                richTextBoxReceive.Invoke(setRichTextBoxCallBack, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ro.bytes, 0, count));

                if (isExit == false)

                {

                    ro = new ReadObject(networkStream, client.ReceiveBufferSize);

                    networkStream.BeginRead(ro.bytes, 0, ro.bytes.Length, ReadCallBack, ro);

                }

            }

            catch (Exception e2)

            {

                listBoxStatus.Invoke(setListBoxCallBack, e2.Message);

                return;

            }

        }

        //发送数据

        private void SendString(string str)

        {

            try

            {

                byte[] by = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str+"/r/n");

                networkStream.BeginWrite(by, 0, by.Length, new AsyncCallback(SendCallBack), networkStream);

                networkStream.Flush();

            }catch(Exception e3){

                listBoxStatus.Invoke(setListBoxCallBack, e3.Message);

                return;

            }

        }

        //发送数据回调的方法

        private void SendCallBack(IAsyncResult ar)

        {

            try

            {

                networkStream.EndWrite(ar);

            }

            catch (Exception e4)

            {

                listBoxStatus.Invoke(setListBoxCallBack, e4.Message);

                return;

            }

        }

        private void buttonSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            SendString(richTextBoxSend.Text);

            richTextBoxSend.Clear();

        }

        private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)

        {

            isExit = true;

            allDone.Set();

        }

    }

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