使用kubectl创建一个nginx-pod

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 11:33:40 发布

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分类专栏： Kubernetes 文章标签： nginx docker kubernetes

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u011709380/article/details/136180544

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创建一个nginx-pod

kubectl run 命令用于一些简单、直观和快速的任务，它适用于 ad-hoc（点对点网络模式）的测试或实验。

现在我们了解了 kubectl create 和 kubectl apply 之间的区别，您可能想知道应该使用哪一个？

在 kubectl create 命令中，我们指定了一个特定行为，也就是 create，因此它是一种更具命令式的方法。在 kubectl apply 命令中，我们指定系统的目标状态，而不指定一个特定的行为，因此它是更具声明性的方法。我们让系统决定采取什么行动。如果资源不存在，它将创建它，如果资源存在，则它将配置应用于现有资源。

简单来说，如果对单个文件运行一个操作来创建资源，create 和 apply 基本是相同的。但是，apply 允许您在一个目录中的多个文件上同时创建和修补。


## 可以创建nginx的pod测试
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl run  nginx-test --image=nginx:1.20
pod/nginx-test created



[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl create deployment   nginx  --image=nginx:1.20
deployment.apps/nginx created


[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pod   -o wide
NAME                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP         NODE          NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-6768c68f7b-rsxb4   1/1     Running   0          36m   10.2.1.8   k8s-node-02   <none>           <none>
nginx-test               1/1     Running   0          70s   10.2.1.9   k8s-node-02   <none>           <none>

查看创建的nginx-pod运行信息

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pod  nginx-6768c68f7b-rsxb4    -w
NAME                     READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-6768c68f7b-rsxb4   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          20s


[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl describe  pod  nginx-6768c68f7b-rsxb4
Name:             nginx-6768c68f7b-rsxb4
Namespace:        default
Priority:         0
Service Account:  default
Node:             k8s-node-02/10.10.10.112
Start Time:       Thu, 22 Feb 2024 17:30:58 +0800
Labels:           app=nginx
                  pod-template-hash=6768c68f7b
Annotations:      <none>
Status:           Running
IP:               10.2.1.8
IPs:
  IP:           10.2.1.8
Controlled By:  ReplicaSet/nginx-6768c68f7b
Containers:
  nginx:
    Container ID:   docker://89c454091455450e2572b7cabb042e1ec77edf166ec33dbd0ba4efb2a2a6c922
    Image:          nginx:1.20
    Image ID:       docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:03f3cb0afb7bd5c76e01bfec0ce08803c495348dccce37bcb82c347b4853c00b
    Port:           <none>
    Host Port:      <none>
    State:          Running
      Started:      Thu, 22 Feb 2024 17:31:29 +0800
    Ready:          True
    Restart Count:  0
    Environment:    <none>
    Mounts:
      /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from kube-api-access-2fd5b (ro)
Conditions:
  Type              Status
  Initialized       True
  Ready             True
  ContainersReady   True
  PodScheduled      True
Volumes:
  kube-api-access-2fd5b:
    Type:                    Projected (a volume that contains injected data from multiple sources)
    TokenExpirationSeconds:  3607
    ConfigMapName:           kube-root-ca.crt
    ConfigMapOptional:       <nil>
    DownwardAPI:             true
QoS Class:                   BestEffort
Node-Selectors:              <none>
Tolerations:                 node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
                             node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
Events:
  Type    Reason     Age   From               Message
  ----    ------     ----  ----               -------
  Normal  Scheduled  53s   default-scheduler  Successfully assigned default/nginx-6768c68f7b-rsxb4 to k8s-node-02
  Normal  Pulling    52s   kubelet            Pulling image "nginx:1.20"
  Normal  Pulled     23s   kubelet            Successfully pulled image "nginx:1.20" in 29.102262051s
  Normal  Created    22s   kubelet            Created container nginx
  Normal  Started    22s   kubelet            Started container nginx



# 查看pod 信息

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pod  nginx-6768c68f7b-rsxb4   -o wide
NAME                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP         NODE          NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-6768c68f7b-rsxb4   1/1     Running   0          2m33s   10.2.1.8   k8s-node-02   <none>           <none>

如何内部访问这个nginx-pod？

pod的ip是k8s集群中的ip，要想访问这个nginx-pod，只能通过k8s的节点来访问，外部暂时无法访问，如果外部访问，需要更多的网络规则。


# 内部访问
[root@k8s-master ~]# curl 10.2.1.8
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

如何外部访问这个nginx-pod？

需要去把这个nginx的端口给暴露出来

kubectl expose deployment nginx --port 80 --type=NodePort

# 暴露端口
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl expose deployment nginx --port 80 --type=NodePort
service/nginx exposed



[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get  pod,svc
NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/nginx-6768c68f7b-rsxb4   1/1     Running   0          5m49s
pod/nginx-test               1/1     Running   0          5m22s

NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
service/kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.1.0.1       <none>        443/TCP        2d19h
service/nginx        NodePort    10.1.141.159   <none>        80:31656/TCP   11s


# 访问master节点
[root@k8s-master ~]# curl 10.10.10.100:31656
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>



# 访问node1节点
[root@k8s-master ~]# curl 10.10.10.177:31656
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>



# 访问node2节点
[root@k8s-master ~]# curl 10.10.10.112:31656
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

如何修改这个nginx页面呢？

在使用docker的时候，正常一般都是通过 docker exec -it [容器id] bash 进入到容器修改页面，如何使用容器集群。走管理节点去管理pod。再去修改容器信息？

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl exec nginx-6768c68f7b-rsxb4 -- sh -c "echo '这是一个测试页面' > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html"

[root@k8s-master ~]# curl 10.2.1.8 
这是一个测试页面