Python实战案例———面向对象、文件版学生管理系统

学生

命名：student.py

class Student(object):
    def __init__(self, name, gender, tel):
        self.name = name
        self.gender = gender
        self.tel = tel

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.name},{self.gender},{self.tel}"


# test code
if __name__ == '__main__':
    aa = Student('aa', '男', 15615634741)
    print(aa)

数据异常处理

命名：data_check_class.py

class GenderCheck(Exception):
    def __init__(self):
        self.man = '男'
        self.woman = '女'

    def __str__(self):
        return f'性别只能是{self.man}和{self.woman}'


class TelCheck(Exception):
    def __init__(self):
        self.data_type = type(int)

    def __str__(self):
        return '电话格式不正确'

管理系统

命名：manageSystem.py

from student import *
from data_check_class import *


class StudentManage(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.student_list = []  # use list save std info

    # define Entrance Function
    def run(self):
        # 1、加载学员数据
        self.load_stdunet()
        # 2、显示功能菜单

        while True:
            self.show_menu()

            # 3、用户选择功能按照序号
            menu_label = int(input('请输入选择的功能序号：'))
            # 4、根据序号选择不同的功能
            if menu_label == 1:
                self.add_student()
            elif menu_label == 2:
                self.del_student()
            elif menu_label == 3:
                # correct info
                self.modify_student()
            elif menu_label == 4:
                # search info
                self.search_studnet()
            elif menu_label == 5:
                # print all info
                self.show_stdunet()
            elif menu_label == 6:
                # save std info
                self.save_student()
            elif menu_label == 7:
                # exit system
                break
            else:
                print('请输入正确的序号：')

    #  定义功能函数
    #  显示功能函数
    @staticmethod
    def show_menu():
        print('请选择如下功能：')
        print('1:添加学员')
        print('2:删除学员')
        print('3:修改学员信息')
        print('4:查询学员信息')
        print('5:显示所有学员信息')
        print('6:保存学员信息')
        print('7:退出系统')

    def add_student(self):
        try:
            name = input('请输入学员姓名：')
            gender = input('请输入学员性别：')
            tel = int(input('请输入学员手机号码：'))
            if not (gender == '男' or gender == '女'):
                raise GenderCheck()
        except GenderCheck as s:
            print(s)
            return 0
        except ValueError as k:
            print(TelCheck())
            return 0
        else:
            # 创建对象
            student = Student(name, gender, tel)
            self.student_list.append(student)  # 列表追加对象的返回值

    def del_student(self):
        name = input('请输入要删除的学员姓名：')
        for i in self.student_list:
            if i.name == name:
                self.student_list.remove(i)
                break
            else:
                print('没有此人')

    def modify_student(self):
        # print('修改学员信息')
        correct_name = input('请输入要修改学员的姓名')
        for i in self.student_list:
            if i.name == correct_name:
                print('查找成功')
                i.name = input('请输入要修改的姓名')
                i.gender = input('请输入修改性别')
                i.tel = input('请输入修改的电话号码')
                break
            else:
                print('查无此人')

    def search_studnet(self):
        # print('查询学员信息')
        search_name = input('请输入要修改学员的信息')
        for i in self.student_list:
            if i.name == search_name:
                print('查找成功')
                print(f'name:{i.name}\tgender:{i.gender}\ttel:{i.tel}\t')
                break
            else:
                print('查无此人')

    def show_stdunet(self):
        if len(self.student_list) == 0:
            print('Eor! Not Data ')
        else:
            print(f'name:\tgender:\ttel:')
            for i in self.student_list:
                print(f'{i.name}\t{i.gender}\t{i.tel}')

    def save_student(self):
        # 写入文件是字典 ****
        f = open('student.data', 'w')
        new_list = [i.__dict__ for i in self.student_list]  # 写入是字典属性
        # print(new_list)
        f.write(str(new_list))
        f.close()

    def load_stdunet(self):
        try:
            f = open('student.data', 'r')

        except:
            f = open('student.data', 'w')
        else:
            data = f.read()
            new_list = eval(data)  # 字符串转字典
            self.student_list = [Student(i['name'], i['gender'], i['tel']) for i in new_list]
        finally:
            f.close()

主函数调用

命名：main,py

from manageSystem import *

if __name__ == '__main__':
    stduent_manmage = StudentManage()
    stduent_manmage.run()

运行图式

非常简单的一个小程序，但是包括Python基本语法，大家一起学习交流！